In vitro inhibition of a multispecies oral cavity biofilm by Syzygium aromaticum essential oil

The mechanisms that cause nickel (Ni) toxicity are multiple and potentially affect all cells in the body. For this purpose, we were interested in the oxidative stress induced by the Ni at the erythrocyte level at a dose of 2 g/l during the gestation and lactation period in the Wistar rats and the capacity of the clove essential oil, Syzygium aromaticum, (CEO) to restore or not this state of stress. Extraction of the CEO by hydro-distillation allowed us to obtain a CEO with a yield of 10.60% and the characterization of this essential oil by GC-MS indicates that the major components of this oil are: Eugenol (80.95%), eugenyl acetate (10.48%), β-caryophyllene (7.21%) and α-humulene (0.87%). The antioxidant activity of the CEO made in vitro showed a free radical scavenging capacity DPPH with an IC 50 of the order of 25.60 μg/ml. In addition, analysis of the erythrocyte antioxidant status indicated that Ni significantly increased the enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and significantly decreased the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), resulting in dysfunction of the antioxidant defense system. On the other hand, the administration of CEO by intraperitoneal (IP) over a period of 21 days to rats previously intoxicated with Ni, indicates that this CEO contributes significantly in improving defenses against free radical aggression, through a recovery. At the level of antioxidant enzyme activities by increasing their abilities to eliminate radical compounds.

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Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Situ Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) Essential Oil

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10102185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2185

Author(s):

Miroslava Kačániová ◽

Lucia Galovičová ◽

Petra Borotová ◽

Veronika Valková ◽

Hana Ďúranová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Mass Spectra ◽

Control Sample ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Food Preservatives ◽

The Impact

The essential oil of Syzygium (S.) aromaticum (CEO) is known for its good biological activity. The aim of the research was to evaluate in vitro and in situ antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil produced in Slovakia. The main components of CEO were eugenol 82.4% and (E)-caryophyllene 14.0%. The antimicrobial activity was either weak or very strong with inhibition zones ranging from 4.67 to 15.78 mm in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and from 8.22 to 18.56 mm in yeasts and fungi. Among the tested bacteria and fungi, the lowest values of MIC were determined for Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Penicillium (P.) expansum, respectively. The vapor phase of CEO inhibited the growth of the microscopic filamentous fungi of the genus Penicillium when tested in situ on bread. The strongest effect of mycelia inhibition in a bread model was observed against P. expansum at concentrations of 250 and 500 μL/mL. The best antimicrobial activity of CEO in the carrot model was found against P. chrysosenum. Differences between the mass spectra of Bacillus (B.) subtilis biofilms on the tested surfaces (wood, glass) and the control sample were noted from the seventh day of culture. There were some changes in mass spectra of Stenotrophomonas (S.) maltophilia, which were observed in both experimental groups from the fifth day of culture. These findings confirmed the impact of CEO on the protein structure of older biofilms. The findings indicate that, besides being safe and sensorially attractive, S. aromaticum has antimicrobial activity, which makes it a potential substitute for chemical food preservatives.

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Análise In Vitro da atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Rosmarinus Officinalis Linn sobre os principais microrganismos que compoem a microbiota da cavidade oral / In Vitro analysis of the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Rosmarinus Officinalis Linn on the main microorganisms that make up the oral cavity microbiota

Brazilian Journal of Development ◽

10.34117/bjdv7n6-475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 61193-61212

Author(s):

Alisson Augusto Souza Barcelos ◽

Lucas Zancheta de Freitas ◽

Cristina Maria Franzini ◽

Vivian Fernandes Furletti de Góes

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Vitro Analysis ◽

In Vitro Analysis

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In vitro inhibition activity of polyphenol-rich extracts from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (Clove) buds against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ◽

10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60228-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (10) ◽

pp. 774-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha ◽

Ganiyu Oboh

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Rat Pancreas ◽

In Vitro Inhibition ◽

Hydrolyzing Enzymes

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In vitro inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication by Mentha suaveolens essential oil and its main component piperitenone oxide

Phytomedicine ◽

10.1016/j.phymed.2014.01.013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 857-865 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Livia Civitelli ◽

Simona Panella ◽

Maria Elena Marcocci ◽

Alberto De Petris ◽

Stefania Garzoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herpes Simplex Virus ◽

Herpes Simplex ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Virus Type ◽

Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽

In Vitro Inhibition ◽

Main Component ◽

Simplex Virus

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Antibacterial effect of cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamon cassia) in different concentration towards Streptococcus sanguis

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol22no2.26845 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hanizul Hajanajumudin ◽

Mieke Hemiawati Satari ◽

Ame Suciati Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Herbal Remedy ◽

Dental Students ◽

Streptococcus Sanguis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tooth Surfaces ◽

Cinnamon Essential Oil

Introduction: Streptococcus sanguis is a type of normal bacteria found in the oral cavity, particularly in plaque on tooth surfaces and can also be found in saliva, buccal mucosa, tongue and gingival sulcus. At present, the usage of herbal remedy for reducing plaque in oral cavity has been implemented widely and one of the herbal remedy used is cinnamon essential oil. The purpose of this study is to prove that there are differences in the antibacterial activity of cinnamon essential oil with different concentrations against Streptococcus sanguis. Methods: The study was performed using laboratory experiments, in which the sensitivity of the Streptococcus sanguis bacteria from the saliva of 10 KPBI batch 2006 dental students were tested in vitro against cinnamon essential oil by using Kirby-Bauer method. Results: The study shows that the cinnamon essential oil has different antibacterial abilities in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus sanguis in different concentrations. This is due to the element cinnamaldehyde and eugenol that they posses as their main constituent. There is a significant difference between the antibacterial effects of Cinnamon cassia essential oil in different concentrations towards Streptococcus sanguis. Conclusion: Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol has been proved to have antibacterial effect towards wide variety of bacteria including Streptococcus sanguis.

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Syzygium aromaticum essential oil prevents halitosis caused by oral bacteria Streptococcus sanguinis

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.3(6).175 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 814-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yanti ◽

S. Juniardi ◽

B.W. Lay

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Oral Care ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Sulphur Compounds ◽

Pyrolysis Gas ◽

Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽

Oral Biofilms

Halitosis is caused by oral bacteria including Streptococcus sanguinis in mouth producing volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs), such as hydrogen sulfide, ethyl mercaptan, and methyl mercaptan which have pungent odor. Bacteria producing sulphur compounds produce oral biofilms as the accumulation of caries promotion. Caries is caused by the acid produced by oral bacteria that lead to tooth demineralization in low pH condition. Clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum), known as endogenous spice in Indonesia, has been traditionally used for centuries for treatment of periondal diseases. In this study, we extracted essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum (SAEO), identifed for its major essential oils by pyrolysis gas chromatograpy mass spectrometry (py-GC/MS), determined its antihalitosis efficacy on preventing and eradicating S. sanguinis oral biofilms, inhibiting VSCs and acid production in vitro. Chromatogram profile showed that SAEO contained major eugenol (22.10%) and aceteugenol (13.31%). For antibiofilm effect toward oral bacteria S. sanguinis, SAEO at 40 and 60 μg/mL effectively prevented biofilm formation up to 60% and removed the existed biofilms up to 50%. SAEO at 60 μg/mL also demonstrated a significant inhibition on VSCs production (up to 58%) and acid produced by S. sanguinis by increasing the terminal pH from 5.66 to 6.30. These data suggest that SAEO could be applied for a promising candidate for developing oral care functional products for management of halitosis.

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Antioxidant, antiradical power of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil, and its antidermatophytic activity against Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton soudanense

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.3.0182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 327-334

Author(s):

Patience Fankem Mekemzeu ◽

Sylvie Kwanga Nguikwie ◽

François Nguimatsia ◽

Samanta Lafortune Mbouwe Chouela ◽

Bienvenue Gnowe Bawane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Epidermophyton Floccosum ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Trichophyton Soudanense ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Antidermatophytic Activity

In order to provide an effective alternative for efficient management of dermatophytosis, we evaluate in vitro the antioxidant and antiradical potentials of the essential oil of the dry flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum and its antidermatophytic activity against Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton soudanense, For this purpose, the essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation through a Clevenger apparatus and the antioxidant and antiradical potentials were evaluated by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the trapping of the ABTS•+ radical methods, respectively. The evaluation of the antidermatophytic activity was made by the agar incorporation method. The results showed that the essential oil reduced ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+) in a more significant manner than BHT (reference antioxidant). Moreover, the antiradical power of the essential oil was twice greater than that of BHT. Furthermore, the essential oil inhibited the mycelial growth of the two dermatophytes, with 500 ppm and 1000 ppm of minimal inhibitory concentrations against Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton soudanense, respectively. This activity was greater than that of griseofulvin whose minimal inhibitory concentration was greater than 4000 ppm against both studied germs. These findings show that, withon the framework of safeguarding human lives and protecting the environment, the essential oil from the dry flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum appeared as reliable alternative for the treatment of dermatophytosis caused by Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton soudanense. Our results lay scientific foundation toward the promotion and development of Cameroonian biodiversity in treatments of dermatophytosis.

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