scholarly journals The Relationship Between Media Multitasking and Attention Problems in Adolescents: Results of Two Longitudinal Studies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne E. Baumgartner ◽  
Winneke A. van der Schuur ◽  
Jeroen S. Lemmens ◽  
Fam te Poel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Media Multitasking and Attention Problems in Adolescents: Results of Two Longitudinal Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne E Baumgartner ◽  
Winneke A van der Schuur ◽  
Jeroen S Lemmens ◽  
Fam te Poel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Emotional Regulation and Overeating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Francesca Favieri ◽  
Andrea Marini ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

The worldwide prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, mostly in children and adolescents. The Emotional Eating theoretical model has proposed that the failure in emotional regulation could represent a risk factor for establishing maladaptive overeating behavior that represents an inadequate response to negative emotions and allows increasing body-weight. This systematic review investigates the relationship between overeating and both emotional regulation and emotional intelligence in childhood and adolescence, considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Moreover, another goal of the review is evaluating whether emotional regulation and emotional intelligence can cause overeating behaviors. The systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA-statement in the databases Medline, PsychArtcles, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and allows 484 records to be extracted. Twenty-six studies were selected according to inclusion (e.g., studies focused on children and adolescents without clinical conditions; groups of participants overweight or with obesity) and exclusion (e.g., studies that adopted qualitative assessment or cognitive-affective tasks to measure emotional variables; reviews, commentary, or brief reports) criteria detailed in the methods. Cross-sectional studies showed a negative association between emotional regulation and overeating behavior that was confirmed by longitudinal studies. These findings highlighted the role of maladaptive emotion regulation on overeating and being overweight. The relationship between these constructs in children and adolescents was consistent. The results indicated the complexity of this association, which would be influenced by many physiological, psychological, and social factors. These findings underline the need for further studies focused on emotion regulation in the development of overeating. They should analyze the mediation role of other variables (e.g., attachment style, peer pressure) and identify interventions to prevent and reduce worldwide overweight prevalence.

Longitudinal imaging studies in schizophrenia: the relationship between brain morphology and outcome measures

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Bellani ◽  
Nicola Dusi ◽  
Paolo Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Worse Prognosis

AbstractImaging studies have tried to identify morphological outcome measures of schizophrenia in the last two decades. In particular, longitudinal studies have reported a correlation between larger ventricles, decreased prefrontal volumes and worse outcome. This would potentially allow to isolate subtypes of schizophrenia patients with a worse prognosis and more evident biological impairments, ultimately helping in designing specific rehabilitation interventions.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between executive functions and self-reported media-multitasking in young adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 728-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Seddon ◽  
Anna S. Law ◽  
Anne-Marie Adams ◽  
Fiona R. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Media Multitasking ◽  
The Relationship

Guidance for Custom Alarm Design: You Don’t Have to “Crank it up to 11”

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Morgan E. Reynolds ◽  
Michael F. Rayo ◽  
Morgan Fitzgerald ◽  
Mahmoud Abdel - Rasoul ◽  
Susan D. Moffatt - Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Real Work ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Changes in alarm perception and response after prolonged daily exposure is not well studied due to the difficulties in setting up rigorous longitudinal studies in real work domains. A prime example of this is the absence of research studying how conveyed urgency and identifiability of auditory alarms change over time. We conducted a three-year study to understand how alarm performance with respect to these two measures changed over time, ostensibly due to prolonged nurse exposure. Gaining a better understanding of the relationship between these two aspects of a sound’s sensory dimension could be extremely valuable to acoustical alarm designers, as it allows them to anticipate changes in the sounds’ sensory performance over time, and not be overly sensitive to first impressions of the auditory alarm set.

Why do People Overthink? A Longitudinal Investigation of a Meta-Cognitive Model and Uncontrollability of Rumination

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noboru Matsumoto ◽  
Satoshi Mochizuki
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Causal Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Investigation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lagged Effect

Background: The meta-cognitive model of rumination is a theoretical model regarding the relationship between rumination and depression. Although meta-cognitive therapy for rumination was established based on this model, insufficient longitudinal studies addressing this model have been conducted. Moreover, the uncontrollability of rumination, suggested to be driven by negative meta-beliefs about rumination, has not been examined using this meta-cognitive model. Aims: We longitudinally examined the meta-cognitive model and its relationship with uncontrollability of rumination and depressive symptoms. Method: Undergraduate students (n = 117) were asked to complete two measurements (with a 6-month gap between them) of positive and negative meta-beliefs about rumination, causal analysis, understanding, uncontrollability of rumination and depression. Results: Cross-lagged effect modelling revealed that positive meta-beliefs predicted high causal analytic rumination. However, the results did not support the causal analytic and understanding aspects of how rumination predicted negative meta-beliefs. Negative meta-beliefs predicted high depressive symptoms, and depressive symptoms predicted high negative meta-beliefs. Negative meta-beliefs predicted high uncontrollability of rumination, whereas uncontrollability of rumination did not predict depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The results partially supported the meta-cognitive model. The prediction of depressive symptoms on negative meta-beliefs suggests that depression-related cognition might be involved in increasing negative meta-beliefs, rather than the repetitive causal analytic and understanding aspects of rumination. In line with meta-cognitive therapy, negative meta-beliefs could be a target for treating depression.

A Review of Contemporary Research on the Relationship Between Occupational Stress and Social Support: Where Are We Now?

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Knox Haly
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Support Model

AbstractThe Occupational social support model has been described as producing weak and inconsistent results. There have been assertions that it has lost its popularity as an explanatory construct. However, lack of social support within workplaces has been implicated in the majority of work stress claims and is becoming a focal point of safety prosecutions against Australian employers for failure to provide a psychologically safe workplace. This article presents a review of contemporary (since 1999) cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that measure supervisory or co-worker support as a variable of interest in the published literature. The review examines the theoretical models, as well as general findings associated from over 61 studies. While there is substantial variation in the magnitude of effects, the majority of studies consistently produce positive evidence of the role of social support in offsetting the effects of strain. The review notes several well-constructed longitudinal studies, the increasing popularity of structural equation modelling, and the continued dominance of the Job Demands Control Support Model. The discussion includes consideration of studies where no mitigating effect was found for social support, and concludes that the magnitude of social support effect is determined by the history and context of social support being offered.

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