scholarly journals Incidence and seasonality of respiratory viruses among medically attended children with acute respiratory infections in an Ecuador birth cohort, 2011–2014

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Azziz‐Baumgartner ◽  
Alfredo Bruno ◽  
Michael Daugherty ◽  
Martha E. Chico ◽  
Andrea Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

Influenza Viral Infections Surveillance and Clinical Presentations in Hospitalized Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaha Al-Iede ◽  
Lena Sarhan ◽  
Leen Abushanab ◽  
Tamara Ayasrah ◽  
Rafaa Al Maani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Background: Influenza virus and other respiratory viruses have been identified as an essential cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children worldwide. However, there are few data on its frequency and clinical presentation in Jordan. Objectives: We aimed to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections and the various clinical presentations in hospitalized children, especially those with influenza viruses compared to other respiratory viruses. Methods: A retrospective study that was conducted at the Jordan university hospital. All the positive nasopharyngeal aspirates that were collected from hospitalized children aged 0-19 years from January 2017 to January 2019 were reviewed. Results: A total of 338 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) with positive viral serology results were reviewed. Among the patients younger than four years, the RSV virus was the most frequently detected. However, the Influenza B virus was the most commonly seen in patients older than 5 years, H1N1 was more frequent in autumn (29.5%), and RSV was the most frequent virus in winter. Bronchopneumonia was the most frequent diagnosis among all hospitalized patients, followed by bronchiolitis. Out of 338 patients, 50.3 % had tachypnea, 70.7% of patients were admitted to the pediatric floor, while 18.6% presented with a severe illness and required admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Infants under the age of one were more likely to have higher co-infection rates with other viruses compared to children over five years that had influenza. Conclusion: Presentations of influenza and other respiratory viruses vary between different age groups, such as sepsis in children younger than one year.

scholarly journals Clinical-epidemiological peculiarities of acute respiratory infections in children from 3 to 12 years and evaluation of effectiveness of antivirus therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
S. A. Khmilevskaya ◽  
N. I. Zryachkin ◽  
V. E. Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim: to study the etiological structure of acute respiratory infections in children aged 3 to 12 hospitalized in the early stages of the disease in the department of respiratory infections of the children’s hospital, and to reveal the features of their clinical course and the timing of DNA / RNA elimination of respiratory viruses from nasal secretions, depending on the method of therapy. Materials and methods: 100 children with acute respiratory infections aged 3 to 12 years were monitored. The nasal secrets on the DNA / RNA of respiratory viruses were studied by PCR. Depending on the method of therapy, patients were divided into 2 groups: patients of group 1 (comparison) received basic treatment (without the use of antiviral drugs), in patients of the 2nd group (main), along with basal therapy, the drug was used umifenovir in a 5-day course at the ageappropriate dosage. Results: In the etiologic structure of ARVI in children from 3 to 12 years, the leading place was taken by rhinovirus, influenza and metapneumovirus infections (isolated – 18%, 19% and 20% respectively, in the form of a mixed infection – 11%). The main syndromic diagnosis at the height of the disease was rhinopharyngitis. Complications were observed in 42% of cases, as often as possible with flu – 53% of cases. Features of metapneumovirus infection in children of this age group were: predominance of non-severe forms of the disease in the form of acute fever with symptoms of rhinopharyngitis, as well as a small incidence of lower respiratory tract infections. The use of the drug umiphenovir in children with acute respiratory viral infections of various etiologies contributed to significantly faster elimination of viral DNA / RNA from the nasal secretion, which was accompanied by a ecrease in the duration of the main clinical and hematological symptoms of the disease, a decrease in the incidence of complications, and reduced the duration of stay in hospital. Conclusion: application of modern molecular genetic methods of diagnostics made it possible to identify the leading role of influenza, metapneumovirus and rhinovirus infections in the etiology of acute respiratory viral infection in patients aged 3 to 12 years, and to determine a number of clinical features characteristic of this age group. The results of the study testify to the effectiveness of umiphenovir in the treatment of children with acute respiratory viral infections of various etiologies and allow us to recommend this drug as an effective and safe etiotropic agent.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens among Elderly Nursing Home Residents with Acute Respiratory Infections in Corsica, France, 2013–2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Alessandra Falchi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens

Background. The current study aims to describe the demographical and clinical characteristics of elderly nursing home (NH) residents with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) during four winter seasons (2013/2014–2016/2017), as well as the microbiological etiology of these infections. Methods. Seventeen NHs with at least one ARI resident in Corsica, France, were included. An ARI resident was defined as a resident developing a sudden onset of any constitutional symptoms in addition to any respiratory signs. Nasopharyngeal swabs from ARI residents were screened for the presence of 21 respiratory agents, including seasonal influenza viruses. Results. Of the 107 ARI residents enrolled from NHs, 61 (57%) were positive for at least one of the 21 respiratory pathogens. Forty-one (38.3%) of the 107 ARI residents had influenza: 38 (92%) were positive for influenza A (100% A(H3N2)) and three (8%) for influenza B/Victoria. Axillary fever (≥38°C) was significantly more common among patients infected with influenza A(H3N2). Conclusion. The circulation of seasonal respiratory viruses other than influenza A(H3N2) seems to be sporadic among elderly NH residents. Investigating the circulation of respiratory viruses in nonwinter seasons seems to be important in order to understand better the dynamic of their year-round circulation in NHs.

scholarly journals Incidence of respiratory viruses in peruvian children with acute respiratory infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana del Valle Mendoza ◽  
Angela Cornejo-Tapia ◽  
Pablo Weilg ◽  
Eduardo Verne ◽  
Ronald Nazario-Fuertes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

scholarly journals Prevalence of Respiratory Viruses in Acute Respiratory Infections in Korea, 2007

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e302-e303
Author(s):  
H.M. Cheong ◽  
J.H. Park ◽  
M.H. Kwon ◽  
H. Jung ◽  
K.S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

scholarly journals Detection of Common Respiratory Viruses in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections Using Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR

2019 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Neisi ◽  
Samaneh Abbasi ◽  
Manoochehr Makvandi ◽  
Shokrollah Salmanzadeh ◽  
Somayeh Biparva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rt Pcr

scholarly journals Sex differences in innate anti-viral immune responses to respiratory viruses and in their clinical outcomes in a birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eteri Regis ◽  
Sara Fontanella ◽  
Lijing Lin ◽  
Rebecca Howard ◽  
Sadia Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

AbstractThe mechanisms explaining excess morbidity and mortality in respiratory infections among males are poorly understood. Innate immune responses are critical in protection against respiratory virus infections. We hypothesised that innate immune responses to respiratory viruses may be deficient in males. We stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 345 participants at age 16 years in a population-based birth cohort with three live respiratory viruses (rhinoviruses A16 and A1, and respiratory syncytial virus) and two viral mimics (R848 and CpG-A, to mimic responses to SARS-CoV-2) and investigated sex differences in interferon (IFN) responses. IFN-α responses to all viruses and stimuli were 1.34–2.06-fold lower in males than females (P = 0.018 −  < 0.001). IFN-β, IFN-γ and IFN-induced chemokines were also deficient in males across all stimuli/viruses. Healthcare records revealed 12.1% of males and 6.6% of females were hospitalized with respiratory infections in infancy (P = 0.017). In conclusion, impaired innate anti-viral immunity in males likely results in high male morbidity and mortality from respiratory virus infections.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory infections in outpatient care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: the role and position of antibacterial therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
R.F. Khamitov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Care Costs

Acute respiratory infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract are currently the leading cause of human morbidity, mainly due to the seasonal rise of the incidence rates of viral infections. This results in the heavy burden of annual health care costs. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the problem. The associations between respiratory viruses and bacteria are not always clear thus accounting for the diversity of the risks of the complicated course and fatal outcomes of various bacterial viral coinfections. Influenza virus is associated with the high rate of bacterial complications (in particular, during seasonal peaks). Meanwhile, this is less typical of the novel coronavirus infection. In addition, several studies demonstrate the competitive edge of SARS-CoV-2 when interacting with other respiratory viruses. The specificities of viral bacterial associations greatly affect the treatment whose inadequacy (in particular, the prescription of antibiotics) is the leading cause of the increasing antimicrobial resistance of contemporary germs. The novel coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 is no exception in terms of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing as occurred often in the seasonal rise of acute respiratory viral infections. The understanding of this issue, the optimization of treatment strategies, and a reduction in health care costs will allow for preserving antibiotics as a class of highly effective medications. KEYWORDS: acute respiratory infections, COVID-19, bacterial coinfection, outpatient care, lung damage, antimicrobial therapy. FOR CITATION: Khamitov R.F. Acute respiratory infections in outpatient care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: the role and position of antibacterial therapy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):214–218. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-214-218.

scholarly journals The Acute Respiratory Infection Consortium: A Multi-Site, Multi-Disciplinary Clinical Research Network in the Department of Defense

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Coles ◽  
Eugene V Millar ◽  
Timothy Burgess ◽  
Martin G Ottolini
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine

Abstract Introduction Acute respiratory infections (ARI) result in substantial annual morbidity among military personnel and decrease operational readiness. Herein, we summarize the research efforts of the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) related to ARIs. Methods The ARI Research Area of the IDCRP was established in response to the 2009 emergence of pandemic influenza A/H1N1. That year, IDCRP investigators deployed the ARI Consortium Natural History Study (ARIC NHS), a multi-centered, longitudinal observational study to assess etiology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in the U.S. military. The success of this initial effort spurred implementation of several new initiatives. These include the FluPlasma trial, designed to evaluate the efficacy of hyperimmune anti-influenza plasma for the treatment of severe influenza; the self-administered live-attenuated influenza vaccine (SNIF) trial, which assessed the immunogenicity and acceptance of a self-administered live-attenuated influenza vaccine in military personnel; the Study to Address Threats of ARI in Congregate Military Populations (ATARI), a prospective study of ILI transmission, etiology and epidemiology in recruits; and the Flu Breath Test (FBT) study, a preliminary study of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC) in influenza patients. In addition, the InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) survey, a daily diary to measure influenza symptoms during clinical trials, was developed. Lastly, the Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the DoD (PAIVED) study, a two-year randomized trial designed to compare the effectiveness of the three types of licensed vaccines, launched in Fall 2018. Results The on-going ARIC NHS has enrolled over 2000 ILI and SARI cases since its inception, providing data on burden and clinical manifestations of ARI in military personnel and their families. The FluPlasma 2 trial concluded subject enrollment in 2018. Preliminary results from ATARI study show a high frequency of respiratory viruses circulating during the first two weeks of recruit training. Based on assessment of FLU-PRO responses, which were found to be reliable and reproducible, the survey may be a useful tool in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. The Flu Breath Study will complete enrollment in 2019. Findings from PAIVED are intended to provide evidence needed for assessing influenza vaccination policy in the military. Conclusions The ARI burden in the armed services remains significant every year and the threat is dynamic given emergent and evolving threats, such as influenzas. With strong successes to date, future initiatives of the ARI Research Area will focus on interventional studies, ARI transmission dynamics in congregate military settings, and determinants of risk of pandemic influenza and other emergent respiratory viruses.

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