Investigation of the nutritional requirements of Australian snapper Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801): effects of digestible energy content on utilization of digestible protein

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Booth ◽  
Geoff L Allan ◽  
Alex J Anderson
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ernesto Balen ◽  
Patrick Nereu Tetu ◽  
Robie Allan Bombardelli ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Fábio Meurer

The increase in global biodiesel production is originating a glycerol surplus, which has no defined destination. An alternative to overcome this problem is its use as energy source in animal feeding. In Brazil, Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is one of the most farmed native fish species, whereas Silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) is suitable for production in subtropical region. Considering little knowledge about crude glycerol utilization in feeds for Neotropical fish species, it was evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) for energy of crude glycerol for P. mesopotamicus and R. quelen. The digestibility and digestible energy content of crude glycerol can be considered excellent even when compared to energy of common ingredients such as maize and wheat, presenting 0.97 and 0.89 of energy ADCs, and 15.2 and 13.95MJ kg-1 of digestible energy for Pacu and Silver catfish, respectively. In conclusion, crude glycerol is an energetic ingredient with good potential in Brazilian native fish diets.


1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. TROELSEN

Forage of six pure species was harvested for hay at several maturity stages during four years. The digestible energy content of 102 different lots of hay was determined by feeding to four groups of sheep during the same period, and by in vitro digestions and energy analysis of the undigested residues. The relationship between digestible energy content assayed by the two methods was highly significant (r = 0.85) and did not differ between years and species. Exclusion from regression of the hays containing less than 2 or more than 3 digestible kcal/g revealed that the in vitro assay could reproduce the in vivo digestible energy value with a standard deviation of 0.31 in over 70% of the hays. This represented the maturity and quality range of forage commonly fed to cattle and sheep. The in vitro assay therefore appeared promising for commercial quality determinations.


1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Bolton

1. The efficiency of food conversion by pullets and yearlings fed on high- and low-energy diets has been determined.2. Egg production was slightly higher by birds fed the low-energy diet for both pullets and yearling hens; pullets laid more eggs than yearling hens.3. For each age, the gross food intake was greater for birds fed the low-energy diet; the consumptions of digestible protein, non-protein digestible energy and metabolizable energy were the same for both diets and both ages of bird.4. The food cost per dozen eggs was slightly greater in the yearling year when the cost of rearing the pullets was ignored, and about the same when it was included.5. The efficiency of utilization of digestible energy and protein showed only a slight decrease from the pullet to the yearling year.6. The variation in the composition and digestibility of eighteen consecutive mixes of the highenergy diet and twenty-five of the low-energy diet was: crude protein 2%, non-protein digestible energy 5% and metabolizable energy 0·4 kg. cal./g. The digestibility of the crude protein and oil was 87%, for both diets; carbohydrates were 81% digestible in the high-energy diet and 59% in the low-energy diet.


2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Zijlstra ◽  
M. L. Swift ◽  
L. F. Wang ◽  
T. A. Scott ◽  
M. J. Edney

Zijlstra, R. T., Swift, M. L., Wang, L. F., Scott, T. A. and Edney, M. J. 2011. Short Communication:Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy accurately predicts the digestible energy content of barley for pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 301–304. Density, chicken apparent metabolizable energy (AME), and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) were tested to predict the widely varying swine digestible energy (DE) content of barley. The DE content of 39 barley samples ranged from 2686 to 3163 kcal kg−1 (90% DM) in grower pigs. The R2 between DE content and density (0.14) and broiler chicken AME content (0.18 and 0.56, without and with enzyme, respectively) was low. In contrast, the coefficient of determination to predict swine DE content for ground barley samples using NIRS was respectable for external validation (R2=0.74) and internal cross validation (1-VR=0.79), but more robust calibrations should be developed for commercial application.


1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
P.A. Lee ◽  
R.M. Kay

Manipulation of dietary nitrogen content can reduce nitrogen excretion (NE) by the pig by 40 per cent (Kay and Lee, 1995), which has major implications for pollution legislation. Past work (Kay and Lee, 1996) has shown that whilst reduced crude protein (CP) diets reduce NE whilst maintaining nitrogen retention (NR), there is also an increase in backfat depth at slaughter. This suggests an ‘energy sparing’ effect from the lower levels of excess amino acids which might be exploited to lower the cost of the reduced CP diets. The objective of this experiment was to determine the NR and NE of growing and finishing pigs offered diets with reduced CP and Digestible Energy (DE) contents compared with commercial diets or diets with reduced CP content only.


1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
P A Lee ◽  
A Armsby

Formulating diets to match more closely the requirements of the pig for amino acids results in diets which are lower in crude protein (CP) than conventional commercial diets. The lower intake of nitrogen (N) which is concomitant with these diets results on lower N excretion. The excretion of excess N requires energy and previous nutrient balance work undertaken at Terrington (Lee and Kay, 1998) indicated that the ‘energy sparing’ effect of the reduced crude protein diets can be utilised by reducing the digestible energy (DE) content of reduced CP diets whilst at the same time maintaining the level of N retention. The objective of this work was to determine the performance carcass characteristics and slurry characteristics of growing/finishing pigs given reduced CP/DE diets.


1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (53) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Nottle

In pen feeding trials with eight Merino wethers, digestion coefficients were estimated for rations of cereal chaff-wheat grain-oat grain mixture, and wheat grain and oat grain fed separately at two levels of intake. Digestion coefficients for wheat and oat grain fed at 675 g/day in a double crossover experiment were dry matter 89.4, 80.8 per cent, organic matter 90.1, 82.6 per cent, protein 82.3, 77.6 per cent, ether extract 84.1, 90.9 per cent, crude fibre 33.2, 59.9 per cent, nitrogen free extractives 93.2, 85.8 per cent, energy 88.1, 81.0 per cent, total digestible nutrients 91.6, 87.1 per cent, and starch equivalents 90.7, 85.7. When these grains were fed at 785 g/day there was about 10 per cent improvement in crude fibre digestibility for both grains and 1-2 per cent improvement for other estimations with oats but not with wheat. The gross energy content of the wheat and oat grains when fed at 675 g/day was 4407 and 4700 calories/g dry matter. The digestible energy of the wheat in calories/g dry matter and organic matter was 3869 � 30, 3933 � 30 and for oats 3791 � 59, 3910 � 61. When fed at 785 g/day these values for wheat were 3850 � 50,3911 � 51 and for oats 3796 � 34, 3913 � 51. A highly significant relationship was found between energy and dry matter digestibility which for wheat diets was Y = 1.074x 7.840. r = 0.993 (P<0.001), and for oats and the mixed diet of cereal chaff-oat grain-wheat grain, Y = 0.983x + 1.550. r = 0.996 (P<0.001) where Y = energy and X = dry matter digestibility and r = the coefficient of correlation. Because of the similar digestible energy content of, and the body weight gains of sheep on, these two grains it was concluded that under the present conditions these grains were equivalent weight for weight.


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