scholarly journals Cross-reactivity studies and differential serodiagnosis of human infections caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp; use of immunoblotting and ELISA with a purified antigen (Ag163B6)

2008 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. MALCHIODI ◽  
M. G. CHIARAMONTE ◽  
N. J. TARANTO ◽  
N. W. ZWIRNER ◽  
R. A. MARGNI
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Purified Antigen ◽  
Human Infections

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serological Tests To Identify Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Humans and Determine Cross-Reactivity with Trypanosoma rangeli and Leishmania spp.

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuleima C. Caballero ◽  
Octavio E. Sousa ◽  
Waldelania P. Marques ◽  
Amadeo Saez-Alquezar ◽  
Eufrosina S. Umezawa
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Reference Test ◽  
Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Cruzi Infection ◽  
Secreted Antigens

ABSTRACT Five commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), one in-house ELISA, and two hemagglutination assays were evaluated to determine their diagnostic accuracy for Chagas' disease in two studies. In study 1, ELISA kits showed 100% sensitivity, but specificities ranged from 82.84% to 100% when leishmaniasis cases were included and from 95.57% to 100% when leishmaniasis cases were excluded. Kits using recombinant antigens or synthetic peptides are more specific than those using crude extracts from Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote forms. Kits evaluated in Panama, in study 2, showed 75% to 100% sensitivity and 97.12% to 100% specificity. These data were obtained by using a Western blot assay with T. cruzi trypomastigote excreted-secreted antigens as a reference test to confirm T. cruzi infection.

scholarly journals A Trypanosoma cruzi Small Surface Molecule Provides the First Immunological Evidence that Chagas' Disease Is Due to a Single Parasite Lineage

2002 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier M. Di Noia ◽  
Carlos A. Buscaglia ◽  
Claudia R. De Marchi ◽  
Igor C. Almeida ◽  
Alberto C.C. Frasch
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Glycosylphosphatidyl Inositol

Chagas' disease is a major health and economic problem caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Multiple independently evolving clones define a complex parasite population that can be arranged into two broad genetic lineages termed T. cruzi I and II. These lineages have different evolutionary origin and display distinct ecological and biological traits. Here we describe a novel molecule termed TSSA for trypomastigote small surface antigen that provides the first immunological marker allowing discrimination between lineages. TSSA is a surface, glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchored mucin-like protein, highly antigenic during the infection. TSSA sequences from different parasite isolates reveal a population dimorphism that perfectly matches with the two T. cruzi lineages. Interestingly, this dimorphism is restricted to the central region of the molecule, which comprises the immunodominant B cell epitopes. This sequence variability has a major impact on TSSA antigenicity, leading to no immunological cross-reactivity between both isoforms for antibodies present either in immunization or infection sera. Furthermore, the absolute seroprevalence for TSSA in confirmed Chagasic patients is restricted to T. cruzi II isoform, strongly suggesting that human infections are due to this particular subgroup. Even though association of T. cruzi II with Chagas' disease has been proposed based on molecular markers, this is the first immunological evidence supporting this hypothesis. The implications of these results for the future research on Chagas' disease could be envisaged.

The Widespread Anti-Protozoal Action of HIV Aspartic Peptidase Inhibitors: Focus on Plasmodium spp., Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1303-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Branquinha ◽  
Leandro Sangenito ◽  
Catia Sodre ◽  
Lucimar Kneipp ◽  
Claudia d'Avila-Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Peptidase Inhibitors ◽  
Aspartic Peptidase ◽  
Leishmania Spp

Leishmania spp. and leishmaniasis on the Caribbean islands

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sand Fly Vectors

Abstract The kinetoplastid protozoan Leishmania spp. cause leishmaniasis, which clinically exhibit mainly as a cutaneous, mucocutanous or visceral form depending upon the parasite species in humans. The disease is widespread geographically, leading to 20 000 annual deaths. Here, leishmaniases in both humans and animals, reservoirs and sand fly vectors on the Caribbean islands are reviewed. Autochthonous human infections by Leishmania spp. were found in the Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe and Martinique as well as Trinidad and Tobago; canine infections were found in St. Kitts and Grenada; and equine infections were found in Puerto Rico. Imported human cases have been reported in Cuba. The parasites included Leishmania amazonensis, Le. martiniquensis and Le. waltoni. Possible sand fly vectors included Lutzomyia christophei, Lu. atroclavatus, Lu. cayennensis and Lu. flaviscutellata as well as Phlebotomus guadeloupensis. Reservoirs included rats, rice rats and mouse opossum. An updated study is warranted for the control and elimination of leishmaniasis in the region because some of the data are four decades old.

scholarly journals Adjuvanted recombinant hemagglutinin H7 vaccine to highly pathogenic influenza A(H7N9) elicits high and sustained antibody responses in healthy adults

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Oshansky ◽  
◽  
James King ◽  
Di Lu ◽  
James Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Seroprotection Rate ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Homologous Virus ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Epidemic Wave

AbstractAn unprecedented number of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) in the fifth epidemic wave during the winter of 2016–2017 in China and their antigenic divergence from the viruses that emerged in 2013 prompted development of updated vaccines for pandemic preparedness. We report on the findings of a clinical study in healthy adults designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of three dose levels of recombinant influenza vaccine derived from highly pathogenic A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (H7N9) virus adjuvanted with AS03 or MF59 oil-in water emulsions. Most of the six study groups meet the FDA CBER-specified vaccine licensure criterion of 70% seroprotection rate (SPR) for hemagglutination inhibition antibodies to the homologous virus. A substantial proportion of subjects show high cross-reactivity to antigenically distinct heterologous A(H7N9) viruses from the first epidemic wave of 2013. These results provide critical information to develop a pandemic response strategy and support regulatory requirements for vaccination under Emergency Use Authorization.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi: identification of specific epimastigote antigens by human immune sera

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Morgado ◽  
J. Ivo-dos-Santos ◽  
R. T. Pinho ◽  
E. Argüelles ◽  
J. M. Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Human Immune

Soluble antigens from epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi were analyzed by western blot in terms of their reactivity with sera from patients with Chagas' disease. In addition, sera from patients with visceral (AVL) and tegumentar leishmaniasis (ATL) were also tested in order to identify cross-reactivities with Trypanosoma cruzy antigens. Twenty eight polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 14 kDa to 113 kDa were identified with sera from Chagas' disease patients. An extensive cross-reactivity was observed when sera from human visceral leishmaniasis were used, while only a slight cross-reaction was observed with sera from tegumentar leishmaniasis. On the other hand, 10 polypeptidesspecifically reacting with sera from Chagas' disease patients were identified. Among them, the antigens with molecular weights of 46 kDa and 25 kDa reacted with all sera teste and may be good candidates for specific immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody affinity purified antigen for zymodeme specific serological diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Antibody Affinity ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Purified Antigen ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Theoretically, serological assays with affinity purified marker antigens can allow strain-specific diagnosis even when parasites cannot be retrieved from and infected host. A Trypanosoma cruzi antigen was purified by affinity chromatography using a zymodeme (Z) 2 specific monoclonal antibody (2E2C11). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the purified antigen could discriminate between sera from rabbits immunized with T. cruzi zymodeme clones but could not discriminate between sera from mice infected with different zymodemes.

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