THE EFFECT OF REARING TEMPERATURE ON THE WING LENGTH, THORAX LENGTH, LEG LENGTH AND OVARIOLE NUMBER OF THE ADULT MOSQUITO, AEDES AEGYPTI (L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Rearing Temperature ◽  
Ovariole Number

scholarly journals Evidence for variations in the morphometric traits between two sibling species of Drosophila: D. ananassae and D. pallidosa

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshni Singh ◽  
Bashisth Singh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Interspecific Variations ◽  
Ovariole Number

Darwinian theory of evolution states that, evolution occurs through the natural selection. Therefore, demonstration of natural selection in nature is the central aim of many evolutionary studies and selection acts primarily at the phenotypic level because it is well known that phenotypic traits are the primary target of natural selection. While keeping this in view, we have studied certain morphometric traits in the sibling species pair, D. ananassae and D. pallidosa to test intra- and interspecific variations. The traits studied are wing length, thorax length, ratio of wing length and thorax length, sternopleural bristle number, ovariole number and sex-comb tooth number. In females of D. ananassae, significant strain differences were found for all the traits except ovariole number. In males, significant strain differences were found for all the traits. On the other hand, in D. pallidosa, significant strain differences were found for all the traits in both, males and females. The values of all the morphometric traits were significantly higher in females of both the species in comparison to males. The values of all the morphometric traits were higher in D. ananassae. However, the phenotypic variability, expressed in terms of coefficient of variation, was higher in D. pallidosa. Except for ratio of wing length and thorax length, CV was higher in the case of females in comparison to males. Size related traits are least variable while bristle numbers and reproductive traits are most variable. Except few, most of the traits are positively correlated with each other in both the species. Intra- and interspecific variations were found with respect to different morphometric traits. Although sibling species have been defined as morphologically identical, our results show that sibling species may show variations in certain morphometric traits and these quantitative differences in the morphometric traits act as discriminant marker between these sibling species in the lack of any qualitative differences.

scholarly journals Genetic latitudinal adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster: new discriminative biometrical traits between European and equatorial African populations

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David ◽  
C. Bocquet ◽  
M. de Scheemaeker-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Genotype Analysis ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Ovariole Number

SUMMARYFive biometrical traits (thorax length, wing length and width, sternopleural and abdominal chaetae numbers) were measured on 13 equatorial African strains and 30 French strains. In all cases highly significant differences were observed between the two geographic groups. These results are added to previously known variations concerning adult weight and ovariole number. In each place, the genetic particularities of the wild populations seem to be maintained by the selective pressure from environmental conditions, resulting in a homeostatic focusing of the best fitted average genotype. Analysis within each group showed that variations between strains were in most cases poorly or not correlated, so that partial or total genetic independence between the various traits measured seems likely.

scholarly journals KEPADATAN NYAMUK DEWASA Aedes Sp DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KECAMATAN MALALAYANG MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – PEBRUARI 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janno B. B. Bernadus ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh ◽  
Venny Kareth
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Culex Sp

Abstract: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has become a public health problem in Indonesia because of its high prevalence and ability to spread more widely. In North Sulawesi itself Case Fatality Rate of carrying dengue is increasing from year to year. The local village Malalayang has a high potential for spreading this disease. The result of an  entomology survey on adult mosquitos showed that Aedes sp was found in 40 houses of 80 house samples. From these 40 houses we got 71 mosquito samples. From these 71 samples tested and identified, we found three species: Aedes aegypti (30 samples, 42.25%), Aedes albopictus (22 samples, 30.99%), and Culex sp (19 samples, 26.76%). Mosquito density can be seen from the indices of the resting rates, which were 0.375 for Aedes aegypti, 0.275 for Aedes albopictus, and 0.65 for Aedes sp. Key words: density, adult mosquito, Aedes sp., resting rate.   Abstrak: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang tinggi dan penyebarannya semakin luas. Di Sulawesi Utara, Case Fatality Rate penyakit DBD tercatat terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kelurahan Malalayang I merupakan daerah yang potensial sebagai daerah penyebaran DBD. Survei entomologi terhadap nyamuk dewasa Aedes sp pada 80 rumah  memperlihatkan bahwa 40 diantaranya terdapat 71 sampel nyamuk. Setelah diperiksa dan diidentifikasi ternyata ditemukan tiga spesies yaitu Aedes aegypti 30 sampel (42,25%), Aedes albopictus 22 sampel (30,99%) dan Culex sp 19 (26,76%). Kepadatan nyamuk  dapat dilihat  dari angka indeks  pada resting rate yaitu Aedes aegypti = 0,375 , Aedes albopictus = 0,275 dan  Aedes sp.= 0,65. Kata kunci:  kepadatan, nyamuk dewasa, Aedes sp., resting rate.

scholarly journals Mating Competitiveness of Transgenic Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Males Against Wild-Type Males Reared Under Simulated Field Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1781
Author(s):  
David S Kang ◽  
Joanne M Cunningham ◽  
Diane D Lovin ◽  
Dave D Chadee ◽  
David W Severson
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Male Mating

Abstract Efforts directed at genetic modification of mosquitoes for population control or replacement are highly dependent on the initial mating success of transgenic male mosquitoes following their release into natural populations. Adult mosquito phenotypes are influenced by the environmental conditions experienced as larvae. Semifield studies conducted to date have not taken that under consideration when testing male mating fitness, and have compared mating success of males reared under identical environmental conditions. We performed pairwise mating challenges between males from a genetically modified laboratory strain (BF2) versus males from a recent Trinidad field isolate of Aedes aegypti (L.), a major vector of multiple arboviruses. We utilized larval density and nutrition to simulate environmental stress experienced by the Trinidad males and females. Our results indicated that environmental stress during larval development negatively influenced the competitiveness and reproductive success of males from the Trinidad population when paired with optimum reared BF2 males. Small (0.027 m3) and large (0.216 m3) trials were conducted wherein stressed or optimum Trinidad males competed with optimum BF2 males for mating with stressed Trinidad females. When competing with stress reared Trinidad males, optimum reared BF2 males were predominant in matings with stress reared Trinidad females, and large proportions of these females mated with males of both strains. When competing with optimum reared Trinidad males, no difference in mating success was observed between them and BF2 males, and frequencies of multiple matings were low. Our results indicate that future mating competition studies should incorporate appropriate environmental conditions when designing mating fitness trials of genetically modified males.

Effects of Ascogregarina culicis (Eugregarinorida: Lecudinidae) on Mosquito Size and Dengue Virus Infection in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpim Thongsripong ◽  
Dawn M Wesson
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dengue virus infection, transmitted via mosquito bites, poses a substantial risk to global public health. Studies suggest that the mosquito’s microbial community can profoundly influence vector-borne pathogen transmissions, including dengue virus. Ascogregarina culicis (Ross) of the phylum Apicomplexa is among the most common parasites of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), the principal vector of dengue. Despite a high prevalence worldwide, including in the areas where dengue is endemic, the impact of A. culicis on Ae. aegypti vector competence for dengue virus is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of A. culicis infection on mosquito size and fitness, as measured by wing length, and the susceptibility to dengue virus infection in Ae. aegypti. Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in wing lengths between Ae. aegypti infected and not infected with A. culicis. Furthermore, A. culicis infection did not significantly affect dengue virus infection or disseminated infection rate. However, there was a significant association between shorter wings and higher dengue virus infection rate, whereby a 0.1-mm increase in wing length decreased the odds of the mosquito being infected by 32%. Thus, based on our result, A. culicis infection does not influence the body size and dengue virus infection in Ae. aegypti. This study helps to shed light on a common but neglected eukaryotic mosquito parasite.

scholarly journals Clines in body dimensions in populations of Drosophilia subobscura

1964 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Misra ◽  
E. C. R. Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Wing Length ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Genetic Regression ◽  
Mental Regression

Five dimensions—wing length and width, thorax length, head width and tibia length—have been measured on samples of twelve populations of Drosophila subobscura taken from different parts of the species range, extending from Scotland to Israel. The populations had been started from thirty or more pairs of flies and maintained in the laboratory for eight to eleven generations. They were reared for measurement under standard conditions, so that any differences between them must be of genetic origin. The localities from which the populations came ranged over 25° of latitude and 15° F. in mean annual temperature.The population means of the five dimensions all showed strong positive correlations with latitude and slightly lower negative correlations with mean annual temperature. There is, in consequence, a very uniform cline in the five dimensions, each increasing as we move northwards. This pattern differs from that found for essentially the same dimensions of D. robusta by Stalker & Carson (1947), where all the correlations with latitude are lower and those for head and thorax size are of opposite sign in the two species.A partial correlation analysis and reference to selection experiments suggests that there are two distinct groups of genes involved in these clines: (1) a group of genes causing increase in relative wing and leg size, and responsible for the positive correlation of these dimensions with latitude in both species, and (2) a group of general size genes causing correlated changes in all dimensions, which have been selected in opposite directions in the two species, with the result that head and thorax size increase in subobscura but decrease in robusta as latitude increases. The ratio of wing length to thorax length has a high positive correlation with latitude in both species.Further analysis of the data available on both species brings out the following points:1. In subobscura there is considerable variation between localities remaining for all dimensions when the correlations with latitude are eliminated. This component of variance is much larger in proportion to the within-locality variance in subobscura than in robusta.2. Comparison of the percentage regression coefficients of dimensions on latitude or temperature shows that individual dimensions change more rapidly in proportion to both geographical indices in subobscura, but the ratio of wing to thorax length ?changes more rapidly in robusta.3. The ‘environmental’ regression of dimension on temperature of rearing in the laboratory, measured only for robusta, is very much higher than the corresponding genetic regression between populations on mean annual temperature for all the robusta dimensions and different in sign for head and thorax size. But this environ mental regression is uniformly only about twice as high as the corresponding genetic regression for each character in subobscura. Unexpectedly, the environmental and genetic regressions on temperature of the wing/thorax length ratio are equal in robusta.4. D. subobscura is about 20% smaller in head and thorax size, and 26% less in wing width, than robusta, when both species are reared at 18° C.5. The basic within-culture variances of the five dimensions are 50–100% greater in subobscura than in robusta for all dimensions. Variability in D. melanogaster is about the same as in D. robusta.Some of the possible implications of these results are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document