Does long-term use of soy isoflavones place women at increased risk for endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial cancer?

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Cohen ◽  
S Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Increased Risk

British menopause society tools for clinicians: Progestogens and endometrial protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 205336912110580
Author(s):  
Haitham Hamoda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Breakthrough Bleeding ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Monthly Cycle

Progestogen administration is required to oppose naturally produced or administered estrogens to provide endometrial protection. Within HRT regimens, this should be delivered for at least the same duration as that produced during the luteal phase of the monthly cycle and in the recommended doses to protect against the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. This includes progestogens administered for 12–14 days a month in sequential regimens and continuous daily intake in continuous combined HRT regimens. Shorter durations and lower doses of progestogen intake are likely to be associated with an increased risk of breakthrough bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial cancer.

scholarly journals No Increased Risk of Second Cancer After Radiotherapy in Patients Treated for Rectal or Endometrial Cancer in the Randomized TME, PORTEC-1, and PORTEC-2 Trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 1640-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisette M. Wiltink ◽  
Remi A. Nout ◽  
Marta Fiocco ◽  
Elma Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg ◽  
Ina M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Second Cancer ◽  
Standardized Incidence Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age And Sex

Purpose This study investigated the long-term probability of developing a second cancer in a large pooled cohort of patients treated with surgery with or without radiotherapy (RT). Patients and Methods All second cancers diagnosed in patients included in the TME, PORTEC-1, and PORTEC-2 trials were analyzed. In the TME trial, patients with rectal cancer (n = 1,530) were randomly allocated to preoperative external-beam RT (EBRT; 25 Gy in five fractions) or no RT. In the PORTEC trials, patients with endometrial cancer were randomly assigned to postoperative EBRT (46 Gy in 2-Gy fractions) versus no RT (PORTEC-1; n = 714) or EBRT versus vaginal brachytherapy (VBT; PORTEC-2; n = 427). Results A total of 2,554 patients were analyzed (median follow-up, 13.0 years; range 1.8 to 21.2 years). No differences were found in second cancer probability between patients who were treated without RT (10- and 15-year rates, 15.8% and 26.5%, respectively) and those treated with EBRT (10- and 15-year rates, 15.4% and 25.6%, respectively) or VBT (10-year rate, 14.9%). In the individual trials, no significant differences were found between treatment arms. All cancer survivors had a higher risk of developing a second cancer compared with an age- and sex-matched general population. The standardized incidence ratio for any second cancer was 2.98 (95% CI, 2.82 to 3.14). Conclusion In this pooled trial cohort of > 2,500 patients with pelvic cancers, those who underwent EBRT or VBT had no higher probability of developing a second cancer than patients who were treated with surgery alone. However, patients with rectal or endometrial cancer had an increased probability of developing a second cancer compared with the general population.

Cholecystectomy and endometrial cancer: a marker of long-term elevated estrogen exposure?

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1348-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Morimoto ◽  
P. A. Newcomb ◽  
J. M. Hampton ◽  
A. Trentham-Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Estrogen Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Community Controls ◽  
The Relationship

Excess hormones, both endogenous and exogenous, are implicated in the etiology of endometrial cancer. We considered whether having had gallstones or a cholecystectomy (surgery to remove the gallbladder), which are more common in women who are obese and who use exogenous hormones, might be a marker for high lifetime levels of estrogen. We conducted a population-based study of endometrial cancer cases and community controls in women aged 40–79 years. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire that elicited exposures prior to diagnosis or reference date, including history of gallstones and cholecystectomy, as well as reproductive history, lifetime body mass, smoking, postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use, and other risk factors. Compared to controls, cholecystectomy was associated with a 50% increased risk of developing endometrial cancer (odds ratio = 1.5 [1.1–2.0]). The relationship appeared to depend upon PMH user status; the association was observed only among never hormone users. Body mass index did not appear to modify this relationship. Having a diagnosis of gallstones was also associated with endometrial cancer, although to a lesser magnitude. Although other etiologic factors may play a role in the relation between cholecystectomy and endometrial cancer, the current analysis suggests that this association is attributable, at least in part, to the sharing of hormonal risk factors.

Long-Term Unemployment in Poland in 2008-2012 - Tendencies, Structure and Selected Determinants

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359
Author(s):  
Leszek Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Increased Risk

This study presents the structure and tendencies in long-term unemployment in Poland in the years 2008-2012. This study identifies the groups of people with an increased risk of long-term unemployment. The analyses produced the following conclusions. The groups with the highest risk of long-term unemployment include: singles, people aged of 55 and above and people with a low level of education. Young people with university and general secondary education faced the lowest risk of long-term unemployment. 

scholarly journals Occasional and persistent frequent attenders and sickness absences in occupational health primary care: a longitudinal study in Finland

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e024980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiia T M Reho ◽  
Salla A Atkins ◽  
Nina Talola ◽  
Markku P T Sumanen ◽  
Mervi Viljamaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Diagnostic Codes ◽  
Frequent Attenders ◽  
Frequent Attendance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Working Age

ObjectivesFrequent attenders (FAs) create a substantial portion of primary care workload but little is known about FAs’ sickness absences. The aim of the study is to investigate how occasional and persistent frequent attendance is associated with sickness absences among the working population in occupational health (OH) primary care.Setting and participantsThis is a longitudinal study using medical record data (2014–2016) from an OH care provider in Finland. In total, 59 676 patients were included and categorised into occasional and persistent FAs or non-FAs. Sick-leave episodes and their lengths were collected along with associated diagnostic codes. Logistic regression was used to analyse associations between FA status and sick leaves of different lengths (1–3, 4–14 and ≥15 days).ResultsBoth occasional and persistent FA had more and longer duration of sick leave than non-FA through the study years. Persistent FAs had consistently high absence rates. Occasional FAs had elevated absence rates even 2 years after their frequent attendance period. Persistent FAs (OR=11 95% CI 7.54 to 16.06 in 2016) and occasional FAs (OR=2.95 95% CI 2.50 to 3.49 in 2016) were associated with long (≥15 days) sickness absence when compared with non-FAs. Both groups of FAs had an increased risk of long-term sick leaves indicating a risk of disability pension.ConclusionBoth occasional and persistent FAs should be identified in primary care units caring for working-age patients. As frequent attendance is associated with long sickness absences and possibly disability pensions, rehabilitation should be directed at this group to prevent work disability.

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