An experimental test of the relationship between yolk testosterone and the social environment in a colonial passerine

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. jav-01635
Author(s):  
Alexandra B. Bentz ◽  
Victoria A. Andreasen ◽  
Kristen J. Navara
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Yolk Testosterone

scholarly journals TRADISI NGAJAHUL: Fikih Pemakaman dan Kohesi Sosial Pada Masyarakat Muslim Priangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Yayan Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Death Rituals ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents an analysis of the death rituals carried out by Muslims in the Priangan region known as ngajahul. Ngajahul is done on the sixth or seventh day after death. Analysis of the ritual of death illustrates that the ritual of death is not only a spiritual-fiqhiyyah aspect, but also has a role in describing social relations. The graveyard that lay in the cemetery, not only shows the grave, but also describes the relationship between the deceased, the family and the social environment. This research in a sociological perspective produces the concept that the rituals of death and society, especially Muslim societies in various aspects are referred to as containing social cohesion. This concept illustrates that death rituals are not as depicted in recitation forums that see death rituals as a tradition laden with rituals that are spiritually nuanced. Ngajahul is a tradition that produces social interaction and involvement in social life that is produced simultaneously. Key Words : Ngajahul, Ritual, Social cohesion, fiqhiyyah

scholarly journals The relationship between egg size and helper number in cooperative breeders: a meta-analysis across species

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmay Dixit ◽  
Sinead English ◽  
Dieter Lukas
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Differential Allocation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooperatively Breeding ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundLife history theory predicts that mothers should adjust reproductive investment depending on benefits of current reproduction and costs of reduced future reproductive success. These costs and benefits may in turn depend on the breeding female’s social environment. Cooperative breeders provide an ideal system to test whether changes in maternal investment are associated with the social conditions mothers experience. As alloparental helpers assist in offspring care, larger groups might reduce reproductive costs for mothers or alternatively indicate attractive conditions for reproduction. Thus, mothers may show reduced (load-lightening) or increased (differential allocation) reproductive investment in relation to group size. A growing number of studies have investigated how cooperatively breeding mothers adjust pre-natal investment depending on group size. Our aim was to survey these studies to assess, first, whether mothers consistently reduce or increase pre-natal investment when in larger groups and, second, whether these changes relate to variation in post-natal investment.MethodsWe extracted data on the relationship between helper number and maternal pre-natal investment (egg size) from 12 studies on 10 species of cooperatively breeding vertebrates. We performed meta-analyses to calculate the overall estimated relationship between egg size and helper number, and to quantify variation among species. We also tested whether these relationships are stronger in species in which the addition of helpers is associated with significant changes in maternal and helper post-natal investment.ResultsAcross studies, there is a significant negative relationship between helper number and egg size, suggesting that in most instances mothers show reduced reproductive investment in larger groups, in particular in species in which mothers also show a significant reduction in post-natal investment. However, even in this limited sample, substantial variation exists in the relationship between helper number and egg size, and the overall effect appears to be driven by a few well-studied species.DiscussionOur results, albeit based on a small sample of studies and species, indicate that cooperatively breeding females tend to produce smaller eggs in larger groups. These findings on prenatal investment accord with previous studies showing similar load-lightening reductions in postnatal parental effort (leading to concealed helper effects), but do not provide empirical support for differential allocation. However, the considerable variation in effect size across studies suggests that maternal investment is mitigated by additional factors. Our findings indicate that variation in the social environment may influence life-history strategies and suggest that future studies investigating within-individual changes in maternal investment in cooperative breeders offer a fruitful avenue to study the role of adaptive plasticity.

INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MOTHERS ' PERSONALITY THAT DETERMINE THE STYLE OF CHILD'S UPBRINGING

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
И.И. Пацакула ◽  
Т.В. Белинская
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Relationship

Семья рассматривается как часть социальной среды, институт психологической поддержки ребенка, осуществляющий воссоздание определенного образа жизни, образа мыслей и отношений. Исследование посвящено изучению связи между индивидуально-психологическими особенностями личности матерей и стилем семейного воспитания. Результаты описывают стилевые особенности применительно к конкретным индивидуально-психологическим особенностям. The family is considered as a part of the social environment, an institution of psychological support for the child, which recreates a certain way of life, way of thinking and relationships. The study is devoted to the study of the relationship between the individual psychological characteristics of the personality of mothers and the style of family education. The results describe stylistic features in relation to specific individual psychological characteristics

The Relationship of Early Behaviour to Later Developmental Outcome for Preterm Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Dittrichová ◽  
Václav Břicháček ◽  
František Mandys ◽  
Karel Paul ◽  
Daniela Sobotková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed, first, to analyse in detail early sleep states in 21 preterm infants born before the 33rd week of gestational age and compare them with sleep states in 23 fullterm infants assessed at gestationally matched ages in the first six months. Second, to determine whether analyses of early sleep states in preterm infants may enable identification of infants with future developmental disabilities. In addition to evaluations of perinatal risk factors, neurological condition, psychological development, and social environment during the first year of life, examinations of psychological and neurological development and the assessment of the social environment at 3 and 9 years were carried out. Measures of perinatal status and sleep states up to the age of 40 weeks gestational age did not correlate with outcome measures at 3 and 9 years. However, the polygraphic measures of sleep states at 12 and 24 weeks corrected age, predicted the 3-year developmental outcomes. The complexity of these measures may contribute to their predictive validity for the outcomes at 3 years. Measures of the social environment at 3 and 9 years contributed significantly to the prediction of 9-year developmental outcomes. These results indicate that environmental factors may become more important with age. The detailed analysis of early sleep patterns may enable the early identification of infants who need special care and intervention.

The Relationship Between the Social Environment Within Religious Organizations and Intake of Fat Versus Fruits and Vegetables

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alton Hart ◽  
Deborah J. Bowen ◽  
Alan Kuniyuki ◽  
Peggy Hannon ◽  
Marci K. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Influence of Experiential Consumption and Social Environment of Local Tourists on the Intention to Revisit Tunisian Guesthouses: Mediating Role of Involvement in the Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6584
Author(s):  
Nesrine Khazami ◽  
Zoltan Lakner
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Experiential Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intention To Revisit

This study aims to examine the relationships between the experiential consumption, the social environment, and intention to revisit. The mediating role of involvement in the experience between experiential consumption and the intention to revisit and between the social environment and the intention to revisit has been expressed and tested. The data for this research was collected from local tourists staying in guesthouses scattered all over Tunisia. The authors applied structural partial least squares equation modeling to analyze 259 questionnaires completed by participants and to test the hypotheses. The authors found a positive and direct effects of the social environment on involvement in the experience while experiential consumption did not. In addition, the results indicated positive and significant indirect effects for the social environment on the intention to revisit through involvement in the experience. The results do not support a mediating role of involvement in experience on the relationship of experiential consumption and intention to revisit. In addition, the results showed a strong and positive effect of involvement in the experience on intention to revisit. This research makes a distinctive theoretical contribution to the literature of perceived experiential value by analyzing the relationships between experiential consumption and the social environment on experience involvement and intention to revisit a guesthouse. In addition, this study explores several practical implications of these results.

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