The Relationship of Early Behaviour to Later Developmental Outcome for Preterm Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Dittrichová ◽  
Václav Břicháček ◽  
František Mandys ◽  
Karel Paul ◽  
Daniela Sobotková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed, first, to analyse in detail early sleep states in 21 preterm infants born before the 33rd week of gestational age and compare them with sleep states in 23 fullterm infants assessed at gestationally matched ages in the first six months. Second, to determine whether analyses of early sleep states in preterm infants may enable identification of infants with future developmental disabilities. In addition to evaluations of perinatal risk factors, neurological condition, psychological development, and social environment during the first year of life, examinations of psychological and neurological development and the assessment of the social environment at 3 and 9 years were carried out. Measures of perinatal status and sleep states up to the age of 40 weeks gestational age did not correlate with outcome measures at 3 and 9 years. However, the polygraphic measures of sleep states at 12 and 24 weeks corrected age, predicted the 3-year developmental outcomes. The complexity of these measures may contribute to their predictive validity for the outcomes at 3 years. Measures of the social environment at 3 and 9 years contributed significantly to the prediction of 9-year developmental outcomes. These results indicate that environmental factors may become more important with age. The detailed analysis of early sleep patterns may enable the early identification of infants who need special care and intervention.

Factors Associated with Maternal Opinion of Infant Development—Clues to the Vulnerable Child?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-543
Author(s):  
Marie C. McCormick ◽  
Sam Shapiro ◽  
Barbara Starfield
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A mother's expectations about the development of her infant have been found to be a strong determinant of child development, but little is known about the factors that may affect maternal assessment of development. In this study, the relationship of the mother's opinion of the development of her infant with several sociodemographic, antenatal, intrapartum, and infant health variables was examined for a large sample of 1-year-old infants for whom gross motor observations were also obtained at the time of the interview. Among those observed to be developing at an appropriate rate, 4.0% were perceived by their mothers as developing more slowly than the mothers considered normal; among infants developing more slowly, 28.6% were considered to be developing slowly by their mothers. In both groups, the major determinants of maternal opinion of slow development concerned the infant's health: low birth weight, congenital anomalies regardless of severity, hospitalization during the first year of life, and high ambulatory care use. These results indicate that maternal perception of infant development may not reflect the infant's level, but past or present illness, and raise questions about the influence of infant health on maternal-infant interactions and the effect of such interactions on subsequent development in the child.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE METABOLIC STATUS OF CHILDREN OF THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE WITH PROTEIN-ENERGY DEFICIENCY DEPENDING ON THE GESTATIONAL AGE AT BIRTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
I. V. Gorbacheva ◽  
O. U. Kuznetsova ◽  
F. N. Gilmiyarova ◽  
D. V. Pechkurov ◽  
L. N. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
First Year ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
First Year Of Life

Comparative analysis of energy-plastic exchange indicators in mature and premature children of the first year of life in the development of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) was carried out. Unidirectional changes are revealed, including an increase in creatinine, lactate and creatine phosphokinase activity levels, suggesting a n increasing muscle mass deficit against the background of glucose anaerobic oxidation activation. In preterm infants, glucose and triacylglicerine levels decrease, which reflects uncompensated insufficiency of energy substrates and, accordingly, ATP level. Multidirectional deviations in metabolism are pyruvate and ATP content: increase in full-term infants and decrease in preterm infants, that should be taken into account when monitoring condition of children with PEM. A significant decrease of pyruvic acid in preterm infants against the background of the levels of total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, and transferrin, not exceeding reference values, can obviously testify to the active use of this integral metabolite to maintain the fund of substituted amino acids. Development of this pathology in both mature and premature infants creates a pre-morbid background for iron deficiency anemia-diagnostic panel, which should be supplemented by calculation of transferrin saturation coefficient. Regardless of gestational age in childbirth during the formation of PEM, the lipid spectrum is rearranged according to atherogenic type: at normal values of total cholesterol, there is a significant increase in low and very low density lipoproteins with an increase in the atherogenicity coefficient. This singles out children with the pathology in question as a risk group for the development of the atherosclerotic process later, which justifies the recommendation to control the lipid profile in children of the first year of life.

scholarly journals Maternal Prenatal Microbiome and Infant’s Immune System at the Origins of the Development of Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Enrique Naranjo Logroño ◽  
Leslie Gricel Cuzco Macías ◽  
Alison Tamara Ruiz Chico ◽  
Anthony Alfonso Naranjo Coronel
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
First Year ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Land Surfaces ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The human microbiome refers to the presence of microorganisms that live with its host. Objective: To analyze the relationship between the maternal perinatal microbiome and the development of the infant’s immune system, at the origins of the development of health and disease. Methodology: A non-systematic bibliographic review was carried out, including those controlled and randomized clinical trials focused on the relationship of the prenatal maternal microbiome and the infant’s immune system. And all those works whose approach was different from the topic raised were excluded. Discussion: 20 min after birth, the microbiome of newborns by vaginal delivery resembles the microbiota of their mother’s vagina, while those born by caesarean section house microbial communities that are usually found in human skin. The acquisition of the microbiome continues during the first years of life, with a microbiome of the baby’s gastrointestinal tract beginning to resemble that of an adult from the first year of life. Conclusion: Bacteria are microorganisms that have managed to colonize the vast majority of land surfaces, showing great adaptability. The human being is not indifferent, and hypotheses have been raised that affirm his participation in the development of health and the onset of the disease. Keywords: microbiota, inmune system, infant nutritional physiological phenomena. RESUMEN Introducción: El microbioma humano se refiere a la presencia de microorganismos que conviven con su hospedero. Objetivo: Analizar la relación existente entre el microbioma materno perinatal y el desarrollo del sistema inmune del lactante, en los orígenes del desarrollo de la salud y enfermedad. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica no sistemática, donde se incluyeron aquellos ensayos clínicos controlados y randomizados enfocados en la relación del microbioma materno prenatal y el sistema inmune del lactante. Y se excluyeron todos aquellos trabajos cuyo enfoque fue diferente al tema planteado. Resultados: Se encontraron 61 fuentes bibliográficas, de las cuales se incluyeron 53 artículos que contenían la información relacionada al tema y publicados en los últimos 11 años. Discusión: 20 min después del nacimiento, el microbioma de los recién nacidos por parto vaginal se asemeja a la microbiota de la vagina de su madre, mientras que los nacidos por cesárea albergan comunidades microbianas que generalmente se encuentran en la piel humana. La adquisición del microbioma continúa durante los primeros años de vida, con un el microbioma del tracto gastrointestinal del bebé comienza a parecerse al de un adulto desde el primer año de vida. Conclusiones: Las bacterias, son microorganismos que han logrado colonizar la gran mayoría de las superficies terrestres, mostrando una gran capacidad de adaptación. El ser humano, no es indiferente, y se han planteado hipótesis que aseveran su participación en el desarrollo de la salud e inicio de la enfermedad. Palabras clave: microbiota, sistema inmunológico, fenómenos fisiológicos nutricionales del lactante.

scholarly journals Influence of Experiential Consumption and Social Environment of Local Tourists on the Intention to Revisit Tunisian Guesthouses: Mediating Role of Involvement in the Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6584
Author(s):  
Nesrine Khazami ◽  
Zoltan Lakner
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Experiential Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intention To Revisit

This study aims to examine the relationships between the experiential consumption, the social environment, and intention to revisit. The mediating role of involvement in the experience between experiential consumption and the intention to revisit and between the social environment and the intention to revisit has been expressed and tested. The data for this research was collected from local tourists staying in guesthouses scattered all over Tunisia. The authors applied structural partial least squares equation modeling to analyze 259 questionnaires completed by participants and to test the hypotheses. The authors found a positive and direct effects of the social environment on involvement in the experience while experiential consumption did not. In addition, the results indicated positive and significant indirect effects for the social environment on the intention to revisit through involvement in the experience. The results do not support a mediating role of involvement in experience on the relationship of experiential consumption and intention to revisit. In addition, the results showed a strong and positive effect of involvement in the experience on intention to revisit. This research makes a distinctive theoretical contribution to the literature of perceived experiential value by analyzing the relationships between experiential consumption and the social environment on experience involvement and intention to revisit a guesthouse. In addition, this study explores several practical implications of these results.

scholarly journals Systematic review of the healthcare cost of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e045729
Author(s):  
Jhangir Humayun ◽  
Chatarina Löfqvist ◽  
David Ley ◽  
Ann Hellström ◽  
Hanna Gyllensten
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Year ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
First Year Of Life

ObjectivesTo determine the costs directly or indirectly related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. The secondary objective was to stratify the costs based on gestational age and/or birth weight.DesignSystematic literature review.SettingPubMed and Scopus were searched on 3 February 2020. Studies were selected based on eligibility criteria by two independent reviewers. Included studies were further searched to identify eligible references and citations.Two independent reviewers extracted data with a prespecified data extraction sheet, including items from a published checklist for quality assessment. The costs in the included studies are reported descriptively.Primary outcome measureCosts of BPD.ResultsThe 13 included studies reported the total costs or marginal costs of BPD. Most studies reported costs during birth hospitalisation (cost range: Int$21 392–Int$1 094 509 per child, equivalent to €19 103–€977 397, in 2019) and/or during the first year of life. One study reported costs during the first 2 years; two other studies reported costs later, during the preschool period and one study included a long-term follow-up. The highest mean costs were associated with infants born at extremely low gestational ages. The quality assessment indicated a low risk of bias in the reported findings of included studies.ConclusionsThis study was the first systematic review of costs associated with BPD. We confirmed previous reports of high costs and described the long-term follow-up necessary for preterm infants with BPD, particularly infants of very low gestational age. Moreover, we identified a need for studies that estimate costs outside hospitals and after the first year of life.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020173234.

The Nonverbal Child: Some Clinical Guidelines

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Stark ◽  
Robert L. Rosenbaum ◽  
Dorothea Schwartz ◽  
Arlene Wisan
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Reinforcement Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
Nonverbal Children ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article describes some principles and procedures related to language training for nonverbal children. Reinforcement theory is discussed and illustrative cases are presented. Emphasis is on the application of an experimental approach to the modification of language behavior. The role of recent research in language acquisition as well as the relationship of the language training to the social environment is questioned and discussed.

Kidney development in the first year of life in small-for-gestational-age preterm infants

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 991-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthalia Hotoura ◽  
Maria Argyropoulou ◽  
Frederica Papadopoulou ◽  
Vasilios Giapros ◽  
Aikaterini Drougia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Kidney Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

FC04-04 - Suicidality during the implementation of security measure of compulsory psychiatric treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1831-1831
Author(s):  
G. Bogojevic ◽  
L. Ziravac
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Acceptance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Paranoid Psychosis

IntroductionEach psychiatric patient is potentially suicidal. However, the mentally illness people who pronounced security measure of compulsory psychiatric treatment are the particular risk group. In their current psychopathology has the greatest importance in the development of suicidal tendencies. On the other hand, many provocative external factors affect the emergence of suicidality.ObjectivesThe paper discusses the influence of several variables on the occurrence of suicidal tendencies: type of mental disorder, kind of crime, length of hospitalization, stigmatization and social and family acceptance.MethodThe retrospective study included 160 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, paranoid psychosis and mood disorders in the period since 2005 to 2009. The research is related to the relationship of “social isolation” of these patients and suicidal tendencies.ResultsThe results showed that patients diagnosed with schizophrenia exhibit the highest degree of suicidality 67, 5%. Criminal offense into the family, long hospitalization, the stigmatization of patients and not accepting of the social environment, particularly of the family are the factors that contribute to suicidality.ConclusionMisunderstanding and avoidance of the patients from the social environment and especially from the family is a common characteristic of these patients. This causes the feeling of worthlessness, rejection and helplessness. The sense of further life for them doesn’t exist. If we look at suicide as a revenge and punishment of others, than suicidality of this group of mental illness people is a good example of that.

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