The Social Environment of Schools and Adolescent Nutrition: Associations Between the School Nutrition Climate and Adolescents' Eating Behaviors and Body Mass Index

This study examined temporal trends in body mass index (BMI) among United States adults with intellectual disability (ID) participating in Special Olympics from 2005 to 2010. In addition, the prevalence of obesity was compared with published National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) statistics. After data cleaning, 6,004 height and weight records (male = 57%) were available from the Special Olympics International Healthy Athletes Health Promotion database for the calculation of BMI. Rates of overweight and obesity were very high but generally stable over time. Compared with NHANES statistics, the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher for Special Olympics female participants in each data collection cycle. Integrated efforts to understand the social, environmental, behavioral, and biological determinants of obesity and among Special Olympics participants are needed.

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Subjective Social Status Is Associated with Dysregulated Eating Behaviors and Greater Body Mass Index in an Urban Predominantly Black and Low-Income Sample

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113893 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3893

Author(s):

Monika M. Stojek ◽

Paulina Wardawy ◽

Charles F. Gillespie ◽

Jennifer S. Stevens ◽

Abigail Powers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Social Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Low Income ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Subjective Social Status ◽

Small Sample

Background: Higher subjective social status (SSS) or a person’s perception of their social standing is related to better health outcomes, but few studies examined SSS in relation to obesity. Emotional eating and food addiction have been linked to obesity. Some studies indicated that manipulating SSS may lead to altered food intake, but the relationship between SSS and dysregulated eating, such as emotional eating and food addiction (FA), has not been examined. The goal of this study was to examine the associations between SSS in the community and the larger society, dysregulated eating (emotional eating and FA), and body mass index (BMI) in a majority racial minority sample. Methods: The participants (N = 89; 93% Black, 86% women, and 56% with obesity; 72% income lower than USD 2000), recruited from a publicly funded hospital in Atlanta, GA, completed the MacArthur Scale, Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, PTSD Symptom Checklist, and demographics questionnaire. Results: Twenty-two percent of the sample met the criteria for FA; those with FA had significantly higher BMI than those without (p = 0.018). In the hierarchical linear regression, the SSS community (but not in society) predicted higher severity of emotional eating (β = 0.26, p = 0.029) and FA (β = 0.30, p = 0.029), and higher BMI (β = 0.28, p = 0.046), independent from depression and PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: The findings indicate that, among Black individuals with predominantly low income in the U.S., perceived role in their community is associated with eating patterns and body mass. Given the small sample size, the results should be interpreted with caution.

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The Association of Having a Late Dinner or Bedtime Snack and Skipping Breakfast with Overweight in Japanese Women

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2019/2439571 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chika Okada ◽

Hironori Imano ◽

Isao Muraki ◽

Keiko Yamada ◽

Hiroyasu Iso

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Japanese Women ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Late Evening ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Background. We aimed to assess the association of habitually eating in the late evening and skipping breakfast with the prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methods. A total of 19,687 Japanese women, aged 40–74 years, were asked about their height, weight, and habitual eating behaviors such as having a late dinner and a bedtime snack and skipping breakfast, using a self-administered questionnaire. We defined overweight/obesity as body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2. Results. Among the participants, 11% regularly had a late dinner, 22% had bedtime snacks, and 8% skipped breakfast. After adjusting for age, exercise, smoking, sleep duration, and employment, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of skipping breakfast were 2.47 (2.18–2.81) for having a late dinner and 1.71 (1.53–1.91) for having a bedtime snack. These eating behaviors were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity: the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of obesity/overweight were 1.43 (1.27–1.62) for having a late dinner, 1.47 (1.34–1.62) for having a bedtime snack, and 1.23 (1.06–1.42) for skipping breakfast. Conclusions. Japanese women who consumed late dinners or bedtime snacks were more likely to skip breakfast. Having a late dinner or bedtime snack was associated with a higher probability of overweight/obesity.

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Associations between eating behaviors, diet quality and body mass index among adolescents

Eating Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 101339 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meg Lawless ◽

Lenka H. Shriver ◽

Laurie Wideman ◽

Jessica M. Dollar ◽

Susan D. Calkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Behaviors

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Self-reported eating behaviors of military recruits are associated with body mass index at military accession and change during initial military training

Appetite ◽

10.1016/j.appet.2019.104348 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 104348 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Heather S. Fagnant ◽

Nicholes J. Armstrong ◽

Laura J. Lutz ◽

Anna T. Nakayama ◽

Katelyn I. Guerriere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Military Training ◽

Military Recruits

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Predictors healthy physical condition from Social Determinants in Colombian schoolchildren: Multicenter study

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i39.77610 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 182-186

Author(s):

Jose Armando Vidarte Claros ◽

Alejandro Arango Arenas ◽

Jose Hernán Parra Sánchez ◽

Consuelo Velez ALvarez

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Body Mass ◽

Social Determinants ◽

School Children ◽

Physical Condition ◽

The Body ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

The Social

Abstract. Today it is necessary to analyze health and living conditions with the so-called Social and Economic Determinants approach as relevant variables to determine the healthy physical condition behavior of school children. The objective was to estimate the best predictive model of the Social Determinants of Health and of the healthy physical condition of Colombian school children. The present was a socio-sport study, through a quantitative descriptive statistical analysis. A total of 3458 school children aged 10 to 18 from 10 cities in Colombia participated. A survey was applied to establish the Social Determinants of Health and the healthy physical condition was objectively evaluated through the extended version of the ALPHA FITNESS battery. As results, the following were obtained: a higher percentage of 15-year-old men had a healthy physical condition, age, being active, unhealthy habits, leisure activities and body mass index, and socioeconomic level, coexistence and educational level showed a statistically significant association with healthy physical condition. It is concluded that the body mass index (BMI), the permanence of the father, the number of daily meals, being a beneficiary of a school restaurant, the number of hours that he sleeps at night, are the social determinants of health that are associated with the healthy physical condition variable, in turn, the binary logit model has a good predictive capacity (70.1%).

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Calcium and iron intakes of adolescents in Malaysia and their relationships with body mass index (BMI): Findings from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017

Malaysian Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.31246/mjn-2020-0054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin ◽

◽

Ruzita Abd. Talib ◽

Ruhaya Salleh ◽

Rashidah Ambak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Secondary School ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Body Mass ◽

Secondary School Students ◽

Early Screening ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

School Students ◽

Adolescent Nutrition ◽

High Calcium

Introduction: Adolescent health is a priority considering they represent the future generation. Data from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017 were analysed to determine the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy, particularly calcium and iron, and the relationship with body mass index (BMI) among Malaysian secondary school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included students aged 13 to 17 years old studying at public and private schools. Twenty-four hours dietary recall via face-to-face interview was conducted by trained nutritionists to obtain data on dietary intake. For nutritional status, BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) was analysed using WHO Anthroplus software. Results: From 999 respondents, 449 were boys and 550 were girls. Overall findings indicated that both boys and girls had inadequate intakes of calcium and iron in their daily diet. Mean intakes of calcium (695.7±463.2 mg/day) and iron (23.4±21.0 mg/day) were higher among boys aged 16 to 17 years old. Mean intake of iron were higher among the older age groups. Majority of the respondents (boys: 94%; girls: 97%) did not meet the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for calcium and more than half (boys: 50%; girl: 80%) did not achieve the RNI for iron. Current findings also found significant positive but weak correlations between calcium (r=0.112, p=0.001) and iron (r=0.084, p=0.008) intakes with BMI-for-age. Conclusion: BMI-for-age was related to calcium and iron intakes among secondary school students in Malaysia. Thus, intervention strategies should focus on early screening and nutrition education on food choices of high calcium and high iron contents, including iron supplementation programmes, if needed.

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Body Mass Index and Disordered Eating Behaviors Are Associated with Weight Dissatisfaction in Adolescent and Young Adult Female Military Recruits

Military Medicine ◽

10.7205/milmed.173.2.138 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 173 (2) ◽

pp. 138-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Andrea K. Garber ◽

Cherrie B. Boyer ◽

Lance M. Pollack ◽

Y. Jason Chang ◽

Mary-Ann Shafer

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Young Adult ◽

Disordered Eating ◽

Body Mass ◽

Adult Female ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Adolescent And Young Adult ◽

Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽

Military Recruits

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Can the Social Vulnerability Index Be Used for More Than Emergency Preparedness? An Examination Using Youth Physical Fitness Data

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2015-0042 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 121-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Gay ◽

Sara W. Robb ◽

Kelsey M. Benson ◽

Alice White

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Body Mass ◽

Emergency Preparedness ◽

Social Vulnerability ◽

Vulnerability Index ◽

Household Composition ◽

Minority Status ◽

Social Vulnerability Index ◽

The Social

Background:The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), a publicly available dataset, is used in emergency preparedness to identify communities in greatest need of resources. The SVI includes multiple socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic indicators that also are associated with physical fitness and physical activity. This study examined the utility of using the SVI to explain variation in youth fitness, including aerobic capacity and body mass index.Methods:FITNESSGRAM data from 2,126 Georgia schools were matched at the census tract level with SVI themes of socioeconomic, household composition, minority status and language, and housing and transportation. Multivariate multiple regression models were used to test whether SVI factors explained fitness outcomes, controlling for grade level (ie, elementary, middle, high school) and stratified by gender.Results:SVI themes explained the most variation in aerobic fitness and body mass index for both boys and girls (R2 values 11.5% to 26.6%). Socioeconomic, Minority Status and Language, and Housing and Transportation themes were salient predictors of fitness outcomes.Conclusions:Youth fitness in Georgia was related to socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic themes. The SVI may be a useful needs assessment tool for health officials and researchers examining multilevel influences on health behaviors or identifying communities for prevention efforts.

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Rural–urban differences in body mass index and obesity-related behaviors among low-income preschoolers

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdaa162 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dawn A Contreras ◽

Tiffany L Martoccio ◽

Holly E Brophy-Herb ◽

Mildred Horodynski ◽

Karen E Peterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Low Income ◽

Screen Time ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background With one in eight preschoolers classified as obese in the USA, childhood obesity remains a significant public health issue. This study examined rural–urban differences in low-income preschoolers’ body mass index z-scores (BMIz), eating behaviors, dietary quality, physical activity (PA) and screen time. Methods Pre-intervention data from 572 preschooler-parent dyads participating in a randomized, controlled obesity prevention trial in the Midwest USA were analyzed. We examined the associations among living in rural versus urban areas, child BMIz and child obesity-related behaviors, including eating behaviors, dietary quality, PA and screen time. Results Rural children had higher BMIz, more emotional overeating behaviors and more time spent playing outdoors compared with urban children. We found no associations between children living in rural versus urban areas and dietary quality and screen time. Conclusions The study found that rural–urban differences in BMIz may start as early as 3–4 years of age, if not earlier. To reverse the weight-related health disparities between rural and urban low-income preschoolers, structural changes in rural locations and family supports around coping skills may be needed.

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