Defence responses triggered by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei in non‐host wheat genotypes results in a decrease in Puccinia triticina infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Barna ◽  
Gabriella Máté ◽  
Jutta Preuss ◽  
Borbála Dorottya Harrach ◽  
Gábor Gullner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Defence Responses

Development and Application of a New PCR Method for Detection of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kuzdraliński ◽  
Hubert Szczerba ◽  
Anna Kot ◽  
Agnieszka Ostrowska ◽  
Michał Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Expected Length ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Species Specific

We developed new PCR assays that target beta-tubulin (<i>TUB2</i>) and 14 alpha-demethylase (<i>CYP51</i>) genes and used them for the species-specific detection of <i>Blumeria graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> (<i>Bgt</i>). Based on fungi DNA sequences available in the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) GenBank database we developed simplex and duplex PCR assays. The specificities of the primer sets were evaluated using environmental samples of wheat leaves collected during the 2015/2016 growing season across Poland. Primer sets<i></i> LidBg17/18 and LidBg21/22 strongly amplified fragments of the expected length for all 67 tested samples. Primer specificity was confirmed using field samples of <i>Zymoseptoria tri­tici</i>, <i>Puccinia triticina</i> (syn.<i> P. recondita</i> f. sp.<i> tritici</i>), <i>P. striiformis</i> f. sp.<i> tritici</i>, and <i>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</i>.

scholarly journals Opracowanie multiplex PCR do detekcji genów odporności Lr21 i Pm4b w pszenicy zwyczajnej (Triticum aestivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDRA GOGÓŁ ◽  
JUSTYNA LEŚNIOWSKA-NOWAK ◽  
MICHAŁ NOWAK ◽  
SYLWIA OKOŃ ◽  
KRZYSZTOF KOWALCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Blumeria Graminis

Rdza brunatna powodowana przez grzyb Puccinia triticina oraz mączniaka prawdziwego Blumeria graminis są jednymi z najgroźniejszych chorób pszenicy zwyczajnej (Triticum aestivum L.). Najskuteczniejszą metodą kontrolowania i ograniczania skutków wywołanych przez te patogeny jest wprowadzanie do uprawy odmian charakteryzujących się zwiększoną odpornością. Celem prezentowanych badań była identyfikacja genów odporności na rdzę brunatną – Lr21 oraz mączniaka prawdziwego – Pm4b w polskich odmianach pszenicy zwyczajnej oraz opracowanie warunków multiplex PCR w celu jednoczesnej identyfikacji tych genów. Przedmiotem badań było 30 polskich odmian pszenicy zwyczajnej. Wyizolowane DNA zostało poddane jednoczesnej amplifikacji ze starterami specyficznymi dla obu analizowanych genów. Wykazano, że opracowane warunki multiplex PCR umożliwiają jednoczesną identyfikację genów Lr21 i Pm4b. Multiplex PCR może być wykorzystany w hodowli odpornościowej pszenicy zwyczajnej wspomaganej markerami do identyfikacji tych genów.

Relationship between biotic stress tolerance and protective compounds in wheat genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kovács ◽  
G. Vida ◽  
G. Szalai ◽  
T. Janda ◽  
M. Pál
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Changes

Large numbers of wheat genotypes were grown under field conditions and screened for biotic stress tolerance and certain protective compounds. It was found that both the salicylic acid and polyamine contents of the investigated genotypes varied over a wide range, while the antioxidant enzyme activities showed a similar pattern in the different genotypes. In order to investigate stress-induced changes in salicylic acid and polyamine contents, samples were collected from plants artificially inoculated with leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), on which natural powdery mildew [Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal] infection also appeared. Biotic stress mostly resulted in elevated levels of total salicylic acid and polyamines in all the genotypes. The activities of various antioxidant enzymes showed similar changes after infection regardless of the genotype. The investigation was aimed at detecting a relationship between the level of stress tolerance and the contents of protective compounds, in particular salicylic acid and polyamines.

Synchrotron-based spectroscopy and imaging reveal changes in the cell-wall composition of barley leaves in defence responses to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467
Author(s):  
Rachid Lahlali ◽  
Tao Song ◽  
Mingguang Chu ◽  
Chithra Karunakaran ◽  
Fengqun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Defence Responses

scholarly journals Efeito do tratamento de sementes com fungicida sobre o controle de doenças na parte aérea do trigo

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Clodoveu Picinini ◽  
José Maurício Cunha Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Blumeria Graminis

O controle das doenças foliares do trigo (Triticum aestivum) através do tratamento de sementes foi avaliado em Passo Fundo, RS em 1999. A cultivar usada no experimento foi OR 1, conhecida por sua suscetibilidade ao oídio e à ferrugem da folha. Todos os fungicidas diferiram (p > 0,05) da testemunha, não tratada em rendimento de grãos (REND) e peso do hectolitro (PH). Os maiores rendimentos foram obtidos nos tratamentos fluquinconazole + procloraz nas doses de 250,0 g + 51,0 g e 125,0 g + 25,0 g (2.943 kg/ha e 2.864 kg/ha), 132 e 125 %, respectivamente, superiores ao rendimento da testemunha (1.270 kg/ha). Os fungicidas triazóis indicados pela pesquisa (triticonazole, difenoconazole e triadimenol) produziram 1.908 kg/ha, 1.821 kg/ha e 1.815 kg/ha, respectivamente e não diferiram entre si. Não foram observados efeitos fitotóxicos dos tratamentos de sementes com os diferentes fungicidas e doses em teste. O controle do oídio (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) e da ferrugem da folha (Puccinia triticina) foi efetivo até aos 98 DAE (dias após a emergência), a partir do qual atingiu-se o limiar indicado para pulverização na parte aérea recomendado. Aos 108 DAE os fungicidas começaram a perder a persistência e aos 118 DAE, as severidades médias de oídio e ferrugem, dos diferentes tratamentos, foram de 6,52% e 33,90% e o da testemunha de 16,5% e 78,0%, respectivamente. O tratamento de sementes com fungicidas como demonstrado nesse trabalho, quando associado com rotação cultural e cultivares mais resistentes, poderá ter importante papel no controle das doenças foliares do trigo reduzindo o custo e a poluição ambiental.

scholarly journals Resistance of some wheat genotypes to Puccinia triticina

2008 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Putnik-Delic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Thirty-four wheat genotypes were tested for resistance characteristics to Puccinia triticina at different growth stages. At seedling stage in a greenhouse, latency period, infection frequency and reaction type were determined. In the field, time of spike appearance, and infection intensity were followed. Weak (r = 0.322) to strong (r = 0.660) correlation was found between resistance characteristics at seedling stage (LPxIFxRT, in the greenhouse) and in adult plants (infection intensity and AUDPC, in the field). The values of AUDPC (area under the disease progress curve) were also strongly related to resistance characteristics of seedlings (r = 0.598). As pseudoresistant in the field (especially equal to adult plant resistance) according to other stresses reactions were considered genotypes which were the most sensitive at seedling stage (20?C) and at adult stage they did not express maximal infection intensity, particullar Evropa 90 and Suvaca. Adult plant resistance as the sum of specific and pseudoresistance was observed on genotypes Tiha, Zlatka and Eva.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat x Spelt Breeding Lines in Terms of Their Resistance to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Klaudia Goriewa-Duba ◽  
Adrian Duba ◽  
Elżbieta Suchowilska ◽  
Marian Wiwart
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Breeding Lines

The main aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of breeding lines derived from bread wheat and spelt (bread wheat cvs. Zebra, Torka and Kontesa; spelt breeding lines S10–S14) in terms of their resistance to infections caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici and Puccinia triticina Eriks. The genomes of all analyzed lines harbored the markers for Pm2a, Pm4b and Pm6a alleles, which confer resistance to the infection caused by B. graminis f. sp. tritici. The markers for Pm4c and Pm4a alleles were also identified in many objects. The high number of Pm markers was noted in the crosses Zebra × S11 and Zebra × S12 whose genomes harbored the markers for Pm2a, Pm3d, Pm4a-4c and Pm6. Most of the studied lines harbored the marker linked to the Lr10 gene, which encodes resistance to the infection caused by P. triticina in wheat. The analysis of the presence of markers linked to the resistance to infections caused by B. graminis f. sp. tritici and P. triticina demonstrated that Zebra × S12 was the most promising breeding line with the highest number of markers for genes/alleles encoding resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust. This breeding line was also highly resistant to both pathogens under field conditions.

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