scholarly journals Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations after hypophysectomy in dogs with corticotroph adenomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Del Magno ◽  
Sarah Rijn ◽  
Stefano Azzariti ◽  
Chiara Valtolina ◽  
Jiske l' Ami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Corticotroph Adenomas

Red Cell and plasma sodium and potassium changes in the San Diego pocket mouse during hibernation

1965 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
William DeW. Andrus ◽  
Stuart E. Starr ◽  
Richard R. Strathmann
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Pocket Mouse ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

RENAL CLEARANCE OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IN HYPOTHERMIA

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Kanter
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Respiration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Clearance Ratio ◽  
Control Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The handling of sodium and potassium by the renal tubules at various levels of hypothermia was studied. Fourteen dogs were anesthetized with 30 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital. After suitable control clearance measurements, the rectal temperature was lowered progressively by ice-packing to about 25 °C while renal clearances were continuously measured. Artificial respiration was not used. No change in plasma sodium was detected but plasma potassium fell significantly from a control value of 4.1 ± 0.09 meq/1. at 38 °C to 3.4 ± 0.12 meq/1. at 25 °C. Urine sodium concentration fell during exposure to cold while potassium concentration increased slightly. In spite of the marked fall in glomerular nitration rate (69.0 ± 3.1 ml/minute control to 17.0 ± 3.6 ml/minute at 25 °C) the final urine flow at 25 °C was slightly greater than that of control. The clearance ratios (in percentage) increased significantly, reflecting the marked decrease in tubular reabsorption: water, 0.49 ± 0.05 at 38 °C to 2.02 ± 0.25 at 25 °C; sodium, 0.47 ± 0.12 to 1.13 ± 0.27; potassium, 18.0 ± 2.6 to 54.0 ± 12.0. The difference in clearance ratio alterations is a reflection of the dissimilar effect of hypothermia on particular renal regulations.

THE EFFECT OF ADRENOCORTICAL STEROIDS ON THE TISSUE ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF THE FRESH-WATER RAINBOW TROUT (SALMO GAIRDNERI)

1963 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. HOLMES ◽  
D. G. BUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Transient Rise ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARY The effects were studied of cortisol, corticosterone and aldosterone on the concentrations of sodium and potassium in muscle and blood plasma and on water content of muscle in the fresh-water rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). These steroids appeared to cause a loss in plasma sodium throughout the 96 hr. experimental period. An initial rise in muscle sodium was observed during the first 24 hr. after commencement of the treatments. The subsequent decline in muscle sodium was interrupted by a transient rise followed by a continuing decline. The effect of these hormones on the potassium concentrations in plasma was variable, although there was a significant rise in the potassium concentration in muscle during the period of decline in sodium concentration. The significance of these results in relation to the possible enhanced adrenocortical activity of the trout during adaptation to a marine environment is discussed.

Cation content of salt gland secretion and tears in the brolga, Grus rubicundus (Perry) (Aves : Gruidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Hughes ◽  
JG Blackman
Keyword(s):  
Salt Gland ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
First Report ◽  
Gland Size ◽  
Cation Content ◽  
Salt Gland Secretion ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

This is the first report of salt gland secretion in cranes (Gruidae). The sodium and potassium concentrations of the plasma, tears, salt gland secretion, and urine of the brolga were determined. Tear sodium was equal to plasma sodium; tear plasma was four times as concentrated as plasma potassium. These values were normal for tears. The salt gland secretion sodium concentration (about 300 m-equivll) was lower than that reported for other NaC1-injected birds. This may be due to the diet, small gland size, or to insufficient stress. The salt gland secretion to plasma ratios were the same for sodium and potassium. This is unusual. The urine had a lower sodium concentration than the plasma.

THE EFFECT OF MUSCULAR EXERCISE ON PLASMA SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IN THE RAT

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Sréter ◽  
Sydney M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

After running a distance of 100 meters in 7 minutes, untrained rats showed a rise in plasma potassium and a fall in plasma sodium as measured in tail vein samples. These changes are in accord with in vitro observations of the effects of exercise on isolated muscle preparations and similarly are taken to indicate a gain of sodium and a loss of potassium by the exercised muscles in the whole animal. Within 10 minutes of completion of the exercise, plasma sodium concentration was restored to normal while potassium was restored within 20 minutes. Exercise was accompanied by a fall in haematocrit, which remained low for up to 40 minutes. A period of 2 months of preliminary training modified the response to exercise. In these trained animals, a fall in sodium concentration occurred as before but the rise in potassium concentration was less in degree and the haematocrit did not change. It is suggested that the rate of increase of plasma potassium is an index of muscle efficiency while the height of plasma potassium is correlated with the fatigue limit of exercise.

ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN A FIELD POPULATION OF A MACROPODID MARSUPIAL (SETONIX BRACHYURUS, QUOY AND GAIMARD)

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MILLER ◽  
S. D. BRADSHAW
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Substantial Decline ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARY Concentrations of corticosteroids and aldosterone have been measured in the plasma and related to the maximum cortisol binding capacity, to the concentration of sodium and potassium of the plasma and to the condition of the animals, in a natural population of the quokka (Setonix brachyurus, Quoy & Gaimard) on Rottnest Island, Western Australia. A marked population in one area has been repetitively sampled at approximately 6 week intervals over a period of 2 years. Animals were found to be in significantly better condition during the hot–dry season. Their plasma concentrations of corticosteroids, 1·09 ± 0·11 (s.e.m.) and 1·47 ± 0·14 μg/100 ml and their plasma sodium concentrations, 147 ± 0·87 and 142 ± 1·17 mequiv./l, for the hot–dry and cold–wet seasons respectively, were both significantly different (P < 0·05). Plasma concentrations of aldosterone were 8·40 ± 0·57 and 7·06 ± 0·53 ng/100 ml for the hot–dry and cold–wet seasons. The level of aldosterone fell to levels comparable to those found in salt-replete laboratory animals only during the month of July. In the laboratory, salt deprivation resulted in a significant rise in the concentration of plasma aldosterone, 2·33 ± 0·57 (s.e.m.) ng/100 ml when salt-replete and 16·95 ± 2·74 ng/ 100 ml when salt-deprived (P< 0·001). Total plasma corticosteroid levels were unaffected by changes in the sodium content of the diet. Injections of ACTH at a rate of 2 i.u./kg caused a significant rise in the levels of plasma corticosteroids which were essentially identical in both high- and low-condition animals. Body temperature fell to a significantly lower level in low-condition animals held in cages after injection of ACTH. These results indicate that the seasonal mortality of the quokka on Rottnest Island does not result from any breakdown in adrenal function, despite a substantial decline in the condition of the animals.

STUDIES ON GROWTH AND BLOOD CONSTITUENTS IN THE YOUNG CASTRATED GOAT AFTER HYPOPHYSECTOMY

1964 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TINDAL ◽  
A. YOKOYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARY Nine male goats were castrated at 6 weeks of age, and four of them were hypophysectomized at 7–8 months of age. Hypophysectomy resulted in a decreased rate of growth compared with the controls. Packed cell volume and blood sugar levels were slightly lower in the hypophysectomized group, but plasma sodium and potassium levels were normal. During a 48 hr. starvation period, the level of plasma non-esterified fatty acids rose steadily in the control group. The hypophysectomized group showed a rapid rise until the 19th hr. of starvation, a rapid decline until the 24th hr., and a slight rise until the end of the starvation period.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN THE HYPOTHERMIC RAT

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Plasma Chloride ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Sodium Plasma

Further observations on metabolic alterations in fasted rats cooled under ice to rectal temperatures approximating 15 °C are reported. In the hypothermic rats, metabolism of injected lactic acid does not appear to be impaired. There is however: increased concentration of inorganic phosphorus in blood but not in liver; increased concentration of glutathione in liver but not in blood; increased plasma chloride concentration; decreased red cell potassium concentration; increased red cell water content; decreased plasma water content. Hypothermia, under these conditions, did not alter concentrations of liver acid-extractable glycogen, red cell sodium, plasma sodium, plasma potassium, nor serum calcium. Administration of urea in saline prior to cooling elevated plasma sodium and potassium concentrations in hypothermic rats. These observations are discussed in relation to previously reported effects of hypothermia on carbohydrate metabolite levels.

Effects of sodium and potassium salts with anions other than chloride on renin secretion in the dog

1978 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. F10-F15
Author(s):  
G. A. Stephens ◽  
J. O. Davis ◽  
R. H. Freeman ◽  
B. E. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Sodium Lactate ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Venous Plasma

Intrarenal arterial infusions of sodium and potassium salts with anions other than chloride were given to evaluate the role of the chloride ion in influencing renin secretion (RS). The studies were conducted in dogs with thoracic caval constriction. Sodium lactate increased renal venous plasma sodium concentration (RVPNa) from 142 to 166 meq/liter (n, 6); RS decreased from 3,070 to 1,510 ng angiotensin/min (P less than 0.005). Arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow were not changed appreciably. Sodium excretion (ENa) increased, whereas chloride excretion (EC1) fell during the first three 15-min infusion periods. Potassium lactate increased renal venous plasma potassium concentration from 4.1 to 6.2 meq/liter (N, b). RS decreased during the first three 15-min periods of infusion (from 3,470 to 2,180 ng angiotensin/min, P less than 0.01). ENa and EC1 increased during the infusion. Potassium sulfate also decreased RS, and EC1 was usually increased. The results with sodium lactate favor a role for sodium compared with chloride in mediating the decreased renin release, but there are other possible interpretations which have been discussed. Additional studies are needed to resolve the role of chloride during potassium infusion.

The concentrations of urea, phosphorus, sodium, and other constituents in the blood of steers intensively finished on high-grain rations

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
RJW Gartner ◽  
JG Morris ◽  
Patricia M Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Plasma Chloride ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The concentrations of urea, inorganic phosphorus, haemoglobin, plasma chloride, sodium, and potassium and the packed cell volume were determined on samples of blood from 70 Hereford steers that had been intensively finished on high-grain rations based on either wheat, barley, or sorghum grain. Oaten chaff was used as the roughage and half the steers had free access to sodium chloride. The inorganic phosphorus levels of 6.5 to 7.1 mg/100 m1 of blood were higher than those recorded in grazing cattle and were significantly different for the grain types. Blood urea levels were affected by roughage level, grain types, and access to sodium chloride. Plasma sodium but not chloride was affected by the type of grain and by sodium chloride.

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