Modulation of JA signalling reveals the influence of StJAZ1‐like on tuber initiation and tuber bulking in potato

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnewaz Begum ◽  
Shenglin Jing ◽  
Liu Yu ◽  
Xiaomeng Sun ◽  
Enshuang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Tuber Bulking

scholarly journals Potato growth, photosynthesis, yield, and quality response to regulated deficit drip irrigation under film mulching in a cold and arid environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Li ◽  
Haoliang Deng ◽  
Yucai Wang ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Xietian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Potato Growth

AbstractThe effects of the amount and timing of regulated deficit drip irrigation under plastic film on potato (‘Qingshu 168’) growth, photosynthesis, yield, water use efficiency, and quality were examined from 2017 to 2019 in cold and arid northwestern China. In the four stages of potato growth (seedling, tuber initiation, tuber bulking, starch accumulation), eight treatments were designed, with a mild deficit was in treatments WD1 (seedling), WD2 (tuber initiation), WD3 (tuber bulking), and WD4 (starch accumulation); and a moderate deficit in WD5 (seedling), WD6 (tuber initiation), WD7 (tuber bulking), and WD8 (starch accumulation). The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate decreased significantly under water deficit in the tuber formation and starch accumulation stages. Although water deficit reduced potato yields, a mild deficit in the seedling stage resulted in the highest yield and water use efficiency at 43,961.91 kg ha−1 and 8.67 kg m−3, respectively. The highest overall quality was in potatoes subjected to mild and moderate water deficit in the seedling stage. Principal component analysis identified mild water stress in the seedling stage as the optimum regulated deficit irrigation regime. The results of this study provide theoretical and technical references for efficient water-saving cultivation and industrialization of potato in northwestern China.

Phytotoxicity of Oxidised and Reduced Nitrogen Aerosols on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Crop

2017 ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Bhagawan Bharali ◽  
Zafar Ullah ◽  
Bhupendra Haloi ◽  
Jayashree Chutia ◽  
Sonbeer Chack
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Different Growth Stages

In a field trial (2012), simulated aerosols: NH4Cl (reduced) and NaNO2 (oxidised) @ 10 & 20 kg ha-1y-1 (˜ 100 ppm & ˜ 200 ppm respectively), 1000 cm3m-2 of each along with a control were misted to population of Kufri Jyoti at different growth stages viz., vegetative (10-60 DAS), tuber initiation (60-90 DAS) and tuber bulking >90DAS). The higher dose of aerosols lowered nitrate reductase activity, nitrogen use efficiency, cell membrane stability, tuber yield, but increased photosynthesis, peroxidise activity significantly. The mechanisms of injury in terms of higher peroxidase activity and lower membrane stability of leaf cells have been elucidated. Foliar feeding of nitrogenous pollutant in the form of aerosols to plants at juvenile stage is important in addition to basal use of recommended fertilizers.

scholarly journals COMBINED ANALYSIS OF RADARSAT-2 SAR AND SENTINEL-2 OPTICAL DATA FOR IMPROVED MONITORING OF TUBER INITIATION STAGE OF POTATO

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-5 ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mandal ◽  
V. Kumar ◽  
Y. S. Rao ◽  
A. Bhattacharya ◽  
S. Bera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Potato Tuberization ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Sentinel 2

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Tuber initiation and tuber bulking stages are critical part of various phenological phases for potato production. Tuber initiation covers the period from the formation of spherical rhizome ends, the flowering and the start of tuber bulking. In general, the tuberization spans from 3 to 5 weeks after emergence and ends with the row closer i.e. canopies in adjacent rows touch each other across the furrow. Hence, this rapid growth seeks critical agronomic management practices such as irrigation and fertilization. It majorly influences the growth of stems, foliar area, dry weight and number of tubers particularly at the phase of tuber initiation. During these phenological stages, potato crops are susceptible to the infestation of late blight diseases caused by <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> and largely affects the potato production. Thus identifying the crop risk using remote sensing approaches can provide an efficient potato growth monitoring framework. In the context of monitoring crop dynamics, quad-pol Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has proven to be effective due to its sensitivity towards dielectric and geometric properties. In addition to SAR data, optical remote sensing data derived vegetation information can provide an improved insight into crop growth when combined with SAR data. In this research, quad-pol RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-2 optical data are analyzed to monitor potato tuberization phase over Bardhaman district in the state ofWest Bengal, which is one of the major potato growing regions in India. The proposed approach uses polarimetric parameters such as backscatter intensities, ratio (HH/VV, VH/VV, linear depolarization ratio), and co-pol correlation (<i>&amp;rho;<sub>HH–VV</sub></i>) along with the vegetation indices derived from the Sentinel-2 data for understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics. The initial results show a promising accuracy in monitoring the dynamics of potato tuberization. Integration of such earth observation (EO) data, in conjunction with in-situ field measurements, might significantly enhance the current capabilities for crop monitoring.</p>

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Response to Simulated Drift of Imidazolinone Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte V. Eberlein ◽  
Mary J. Guttieri
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Potato Growth

Potato response to simulated drift of imazamethabenz, imazethapyr, or imazapyr was evaluated in field studies conducted near Aberdeen, ID, in 1989 and 1990. Herbicides were applied at rates corresponding to 0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 times the typical use rate (x rate) of each herbicide. Simulated drift treatments were applied at potato emergence, tuber initiation, or tuber bulking. Foliar injury symptoms varied with herbicide, rate, and potato growth stage at the time of application, but were generally most severe with imazapyr and least severe with imazamethabenz. Yield losses also varied with herbicide, rate, and potato growth stage at the time of application, but generally were greater when drift occurred at tuber initiation or tuber bulking than at potato emergence. Losses in U.S. Number 1 (highest quality) yield were greater than losses in total yield, indicating that tuber quality was affected more by the herbicides than was tuber biomass accumulation. U.S. Number 1 yield was not reduced by simulated drift of imazamethabenz at 0.02x but was reduced 25% by the 0.1x rate applied at tuber bulking. At the 0.5x rate, U.S. Number 1 yield was reduced 36, 85, or 92% when drift occurred at potato emergence, tuber initiation, or tuber bulking, respectively. For imazethapyr, U.S. Number 1 yield losses ranged from 0 to 68% for the 0.02x rate; 19 to 98% for the 0.lx rate; and 64 to 100% with the 0.5x rate, depending on potato growth stage at the time of application. Losses were least when drift occurred at potato emergence. Simulated drift of imazapyr at the 0.02x rate applied as potatoes were emerging reduced U.S. Number 1 yield 79%. All other imazapyr treatments caused ≥99% loss in U.S. Number 1 yield.

Effect of shading at different times on the growth and yield of the potato

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJM Sale
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Bulking Rate

The effect of shading during the periods of new tuber initiation and subsequent bulking were studied with three crops of field-grown potatoes cv Sebago Plots were shaded (34% reduction on full sunlight) up to or after the stage when the young tubers had formed (3 weeks after the onset of initiation), receiving full sunlight for the other half of growth In other treatments plots were shaded throughout growth or not shaded at all In two experiments plots were split for two planting densities (7.14 and 14.28 tubers planted m-2), but density had no effect on the response to shade. Shade during the first part of growth did not affect the numbers of tubers initiation but, compared with unshaded plots, did reduce the numbers which reached a size of 1 cm in diameter or more, which was the same as the final numbers harvested at maturity Shade also delayed by a few days the onset of the rapid tuber-bulking period. Shade during later growth had some additional effect In reducing the maximum bulking rate achieved, so that the final yields from the differentially shaded plots were intermediate between those from the plots either unshaded or shaded throughout Plants receiving late shade had a higher percentage of their total dry weight In the haulm than did unshaded plants.

Increasing productivity. Crop physiology and nutrition

1973 ◽  
Vol 267 (882) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Crop Physiology ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Early Leaf Senescence

In the context of physiology and nutrition, many of the treatments which affect crop yields do so by influencing either the total photosynthesis per unit area of land or the partition of assimilates within the plant or both. Examples are given to illustrate the inter-relationships of nutrition, crop physiology, leaf growth and yields in cereals, grasses, potatoes and sugar beet which represent four very different models of crop growth. In each case limitations to yield are discussed but the main emphasis is on those points where there seems to be promise for future practical application to give improved yields, for example by changing models, the use of growth regulators, the time of supply and quantity of plant nutrients especially nitrogen and the timing of husbandry operations which these changes will permit and demand. With cereals the main aim should be to extend the interval between anthesis and time of ripening, with potatoes to break the apparent linkage between early tuber initiation and early leaf senescence to give a longer period of tuber bulking, with sugar beet to advance leaf growth earlier in the season and to control the partition of assimilates between leaves and storage roots and with grassland to replace inferior species with better ones.

Studies in potato agronomy. I. The effects of variety, seed size and spacing on growth, development and yield

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Bremner ◽  
M. A. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Spacing Distance ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

1. Growth and development in relation to yield were studied in the two maincrop varieties King Edward and Majestic in 1959 and 1960. The effects of seed size and spacing were also investigated.2. The total tuber yield, and more particularly the ware yield, of Majestic was greater in both years. This was associated with a longer period of tuber bulking in this variety, due, in 1959, to earlier tuber initiation, and in 1960, to earlier tuber initiation and greater persistence of tuber bulking. Large seed outyielded small seed, although the difference, particularly in ware yield, was relatively small. The seed size effect was associated with a difference in the length of the bulking period, in consequence of a difference in the time of tuber initiation. Total yield tended to increase with decrease in spacing distance; ware yield increased as spacing distance decreased from 24 to 18 in., but there was little difference between 12 and 18 in. spacing. In general, low seed rates performed better than might be expected.

scholarly journals Role of Tuber Developmental Processes in Response of Potato to High Temperature and Elevated CO2

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Chien-Teh Chen ◽  
Tim L. Setter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Tuber Growth ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Tuber Bulking

Potato is adapted to cool environments, and there is concern that its performance may be diminished considerably due to global warming and more frequent episodes of heat stress. Our objectives were to determine the response of potato plants to elevated CO2 (700 μmol/mol) and high temperature (35/25 °C) at tuber initiation and tuber bulking, and to elucidate effects on sink developmental processes. Potato plants were grown in controlled environments with treatments at: Tuber initiation (TI), during the first two weeks after initiating short-day photoperiods, and Tuber bulking (TB). At TI, and 25 °C, elevated CO2 increased tuber growth rate, while leaves and stems were not affected. Whole-plant dry matter accumulation rate, was inhibited by high temperature about twice as much at TI than at TB. Elevated CO2 partially ameliorated high temperature inhibition of sink organs. At TI, with 25 °C, elevated CO2 primarily affected tuber cell proliferation. In contrast, tuber cell volume and endoreduplication were unaffected. These findings indicate that the TI stage and cell division is particularly responsive to elevated CO2 and high temperature stress, supporting the view that attention should be paid to the timing of high-temperature stress episodes with respect to this stage.

Effect of irrigation frequency on the incidence of second growth of Russet Burbank potatoes in north-west Tasmania

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chung ◽  
D. Armstrong ◽  
Sue Grice
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
North West ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
High And Low Temperatures

In recent years, processors in Tasmania have introduced Russet Burbank as the most desirable potato cultivar for processing into French fries. Malformed tubers, collectively known as second growth, have been observed in some commercial Russet Burbank crops with the main defect being knobby tubers. Second growth of potato tubers has been shown to occur when the plant suffers a period of stress during the growth of the tubers such as drought, high and low temperatures, restricted soil aeration, interference with water and carbohydrate translocation and fertility imbalance (Sparks, 1958; Bodlaender, Lugt & Marinus, 1964; Iritani, 1981; Holder & Cary, 1984) or a combination of both drought and high temperature stress (Ohms, 1968). If stress from these factors is relieved, the renewed growth of the tuber is often confined to the eyes, producing knobby tubers (Moorby, 1978). Moderate water stress during early tuber bulking can lead to pear-shaped tubers (pointed at the basal end) whilst water stress during the latter part of the season can lead to tubers pointed at the apical end (Iritani, 1981). Knobby tubers are undesirable because knobs are easily broken off leading to yield loss and the exposure of tissue to infection. Severely pointed tubers cannot be processed efficiently into French fries.

Cytokinins and Tuber Initiation in the Potato Solanum tuberosum L.

Nature ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 221 (5177) ◽  
pp. 279-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. PALMER ◽  
O. E. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Tuber Initiation
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