scholarly journals Performance of Nanofiltration Membrane for Printing Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Cheah ◽  
N. Ramlee ◽  
A. L. Desa ◽  
N. Misdan ◽  
N. H. H. Hairom
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Almost every manufacturing process is the major origin of wastewater with certain characteristic. Printing facility provides a wide range of waste component that is harmful to the environment and people. Those harmful waste component contains high concentration of heavy metals and dye. This paper presents one of the most promising methods to remove the heavy metals and dyes from a printing wastewater before discharging to the environment. The feasibility of commercially available NF270 membrane to treat both heavy metals and dye was thoroughly investigated. The study was carried out using a cross-flow nanofiltration membrane system at operating pressure and temperature set at 5 bar and 24 ˚C, respectively.  Experimental results showed that the permeate flux of NF270 is decreased from 6.2 to 5.0 L/m2.h after 1-h operation. Whilst, the rejection of both iron and zinc ions could be obtained up to 96.9% and 97.8%, respectively. Additionally, almost complete elimination of colour (99.6%) could be achieved using NF270 membrane. Thus, it can be concluded that the commercial NF270 membrane is promising in removing both heavy metal ions and dye from printing wastewater.

Comparative Study on the Treatment of Biologically Treated Textile Effluent by Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis for Water Reuse

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 584-588
Author(s):  
San Chuan Yu ◽  
Zhi Wen Chen ◽  
Mei Hong Liu ◽  
Jing Wei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Salinity Reduction ◽  
Ro Membrane

In view of the water shortage, the increasingly severe regulations as well as the release thresholds, it is becoming increasingly necessary to reuse the textile effluents. This work concerned the treatment of textile plant effluent after conventional biological processing by membrane technology for water reuse. Desal5 DK nanofiltration (NF) membrane and BW30 reverse osmosis (RO) membrane were investigated in this study in terms of COD and color removal, salinity reduction as well as permeate flux through cross-flow permeation tests. The results showed that the Desal5 DK nanofiltration membrane exhibited higher stabilized water permeability and flux decline than the reverse osmosis membrane because of its higher porosity and tendency towards fouling. The BW30 reverse osmosis membrane reduced salinity to a great extent than the Desal5 DK nanofiltration membrane. While the nanofiltration membrane exhibited better COD removal efficiency compared to the RO membrane, possibly due to its sieving removal mechanism. The treated water with good enough quality could be recycled back into the process, thereby offering economical benefits by reducing the water consumption and wastewater treatment cost.

Performance of low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (LPROM) for separating mono- and divalent ions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaini Ujang ◽  
G. K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Concentration

This paper describes an investigation on the rejection of the divalent anions from ZnSO4 using LPROMs, and to establish the effect of operating pressure, feed concentration and temperature on metal removal, then to compare with the monovalent anions, ZnCl2. A bench-scale spiral wound configuration of sulphonated polysulphone low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (LPROM) was used to remove heavy metals at various operating conditions, i.e. operating conditions, solute concentrations and temperature. The results show that the higher the operating pressure the greater will be the permeate flux for heavy metals from both mono- and divalent anions. At low operating pressure however, metals from the divalent anions give a higher permeate flux than did the monovalent anions. Permeate flux in both mono- and divalent anions is shown to be subsequently increased by a decrease of the concentration of feed solution. Regarding metal removal, metals from divalent anions were rejected more effectively than monovalent anions at all levels of feed concentration.

scholarly journals The effects of operating parameters on spiramycin removal by nanofiltration membrane

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1512-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changwei Zhao ◽  
Weihong Fan ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Deyin Hou ◽  
Zhaokun Luan
Keyword(s):  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Flux Rate ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Feed Temperature

Spiramycin removal from wastewater using four nanofiltration (NF) membranes (NF270, NF90, ESNA1-K1 and ESNA1-LF2-LD) was studied. The effects of operating pressure, feed temperature, feed concentration, cation and anion ions on the permeate flux rate and spiramycin rejection were investigated. The results show that increasing operating pressure resulted in the increase of both permeate flux and spiramycin rejection. The flux rate increased almost linearly with temperature, while the spiramycin rejection decreased. The permeate flux rate declined relatively with increasing feed concentration of spiramycin for NF270 and ESNA1-LF2-LD membranes compared with NF90 and ESNA1-K membranes. The presence of cations reduced spiramycin rejection, with the strength of influence for the NF270 NF membrane following the order Mg2+>Ca2+>K+. The presence of anions also resulted in decreased spiramycin rejection, the strength of the effect following the order NO3−>Cl−>SO42− for the NF270 membrane.

scholarly journals Influences of Technological Parameters on Cross-Flow Nanofiltration of Cranberry Juice

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Dat Quoc Lai ◽  
Nobuhiro Tagashira ◽  
Shoji Hagiwara ◽  
Mitsutoshi Nakajima ◽  
Toshinori Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Feed Flow Rate ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Module Type

The paper focused on the influence of operative conditions on the separation of benzoic acid from 10 °Brix cranberry juice by cross-flow nanofiltration with a plate and frame pilot scale (DDS Lab Module Type 20 system). Six kinds of commercial nanofiltration membrane were investigated. The results showed that the rejection of benzoic acid was significantly lower than that of other components in cranberry juice, including sugars and other organic acids. In a range of 2–7.5 L/min, feed flow rate slightly affected the performance of nanofiltration. Higher temperatures resulted in higher permeate flux and lower rejection of benzoic acid, whereas rejection of sugar and organic acid was stable at a high value. In a range of 2.5–5.5, pH also significantly affected the separation of benzoic acid and negative rejection against benzoic acid was observed at pH 4.5 with some of the membranes. This implies that pH 4.5 is considered as an optimum pH for benzoic acid separation from cranberry juice. The lower permeate flux caused a lower rejection of benzoic acid and negative rejection of benzoic acid was observed at the low permeate flux. Pretreatment by ultrafiltration with CR61PP membranes could improve the permeate flux but insignificantly influenced the efficiency of separation. The results also indicated that NF99 and DK membranes can be effectively used to separate benzoic acid from cranberry juice.

scholarly journals BIOPHILE ELEMENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN ARTEMISIA FRIGIDA WILLD. AND ARTEMISIA JACUTICA DROB.

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Elena Petrovna Dylenova ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Zhigzhitzhapova ◽  
Tuyana Erdemovna Randalova ◽  
Larisa Dorzhiyevna Radnaeva ◽  
Valentina Germanovna Shiretorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Artemisia Frigida ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Impact

Biophile microelements (copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel) and heavy metals (lead, cadmium) in the aerial part of Artemisia frigida Willd. and Artemisia jacutica Drob. of Russian (areas of the Republic of Buryatia) and Mongolian flora was presented in this paper. The quantitative content of the elements in the samples collected in 2008, 2015–2018 was studied using atomic absorption method performed on a SOLAAR M6 after preliminary decomposition by dry mineralization, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission method (ICP) on a Profile Plus spectrometer after decomposition of samples in the MARS 6 microwave system. The content of the same elements in the aerial part of the same species of Artemisia varied in a wide range, which was consistent with the literature data. In addition, the Principle component analysis of the elemental composition of A. frigida and A. jacutica was presented in this paper. The biplot showed the impact of forest fires that took place on the territory of Buryatia in 2015. So this year was characterized by a high concentration of lead, cadmium, nickel, copper and iron in studied samples. Also, the biplot showed the elements content versus plant species. In general, the content of toxic (lead, cadmium, nickel) and vital elements (copper, zinc, iron, manganese) was within the normal concentration. Therefore, the aerial part of A. frigida and A. jacutica of Buryatian (Russia) and aimaks (Mongolia) flora can be considered as promising plant raw materials for using in medical practice.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruston Bedasie
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Polycarbonate Membranes

The treatment of latex paint wastewater with ultrafiltration allows for the reuse of the filtrate as process water or for cleaning purposes, as well as the potential for reclamation of the valuable paint solids. In this study, the utilization of polycarbonate membranes for the ultrafiltration of dilute latex dispersions was evaluated. Hydrophilic, flat sheet ultrafiltration membranes with a mean pore size of 0.1 μm were used. All filtration experiments were conducted under constant pressure operation, in a circular, centre-fed, cross-flow filtration cell. The effect of feed flow rate was investigated, and the steady-state permeate flux achieved showed an increase of 294% between 1.0 and 3.0 L/min. Increasing the operating pressure also resulted in an increased permeate flux, with a 320% increase from 1.5 to 5.5 psi. Also considered was the effect of the feed solid concentration on the permeate flux. When compared to the clean water flux (0% solids) of 5.5×10- Surfactant-enhanced ultrafiltration was also studied, with concentrations ranging from 25% to 200% of the literature values of the surfactant's critical micelle concentration (CMC) in pure water. The addition of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), reduced the effectiveness of the filtration. However, the addition of a cationic surfactant, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), increased the permeate flux of the latex dispersion up to 130% when twice its CMC was used, with evidence of a reduction in the effect of fouling of the membranes. This may be due to repelling interactions between the surface of the membrane and the surface of the formed micelles, as well as a reduced cake resistance due to the larger particle size of the constituents forming a less dense cake layer.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into The Fouling Phenomena Of Polycarbonate Membranes Used In The Treatment Of Latex Paint Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruston Bedasie
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Cross Flow Filtration ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Polycarbonate Membranes

The treatment of latex paint wastewater with ultrafiltration allows for the reuse of the filtrate as process water or for cleaning purposes, as well as the potential for reclamation of the valuable paint solids. In this study, the utilization of polycarbonate membranes for the ultrafiltration of dilute latex dispersions was evaluated. Hydrophilic, flat sheet ultrafiltration membranes with a mean pore size of 0.1 μm were used. All filtration experiments were conducted under constant pressure operation, in a circular, centre-fed, cross-flow filtration cell. The effect of feed flow rate was investigated, and the steady-state permeate flux achieved showed an increase of 294% between 1.0 and 3.0 L/min. Increasing the operating pressure also resulted in an increased permeate flux, with a 320% increase from 1.5 to 5.5 psi. Also considered was the effect of the feed solid concentration on the permeate flux. When compared to the clean water flux (0% solids) of 5.5×10- Surfactant-enhanced ultrafiltration was also studied, with concentrations ranging from 25% to 200% of the literature values of the surfactant's critical micelle concentration (CMC) in pure water. The addition of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), reduced the effectiveness of the filtration. However, the addition of a cationic surfactant, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), increased the permeate flux of the latex dispersion up to 130% when twice its CMC was used, with evidence of a reduction in the effect of fouling of the membranes. This may be due to repelling interactions between the surface of the membrane and the surface of the formed micelles, as well as a reduced cake resistance due to the larger particle size of the constituents forming a less dense cake layer.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF FOULING MECHANISM IN ULTRAFILTRATION OF ELECTROPLATING WASTEWATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danu Ariono ◽  
Anita Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Putu Teta Prihartini Aryanti ◽  
Ahmad Nurul Hakim ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Filtration Time ◽  
Electroplating Wastewater ◽  
Fouling Mechanism ◽  
Cross Flow Velocity

Wastewater from electroplating industries is usually contaminated with high concentration of hazardous materials, such as nickel, copper, and chromium. Therefore, the electroplating wastewater is one of the environmental problems that require a novel solution to reduce risks for human and environment. Ultrafiltration is a promising technology to overcome this problem due to its ability to reject all suspended solids. However, membrane fouling still becomes a major obstacle in ultrafiltration processes. Fouling reduces the permeate flux and increases membrane operational costs due to membrane cleaning. In this work, fouling mechanism that occurred in polyacrylonitrile based ultrafiltration for electroplating wastewater treatment was investigated. The effects of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) and cross flow velocity on fouling mechanism were also studied. The results showed that in the first 20 minutes, intermediate blocking was occurred on the membrane surface, while cake formation was happened for the rest of filtration time. These results were applied for all TMP and cross flow velocity.

Rejection of As(III) and As(V) from arsenic contaminated water via electro-cross-flow negatively charged nanofiltration membrane system

Desalination ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 249 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Pérez-Sicairos ◽  
Shui Wai Lin ◽  
Rosa M. Félix-Navarro ◽  
Heriberto Espinoza-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Flow ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane

scholarly journals The Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Electrocoagulation to Reduce Heavy Metals and Ammonia-Nitrogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhafezah Kasmuri ◽  
Nur Aliah Ahmad Tarmizi ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Electrode ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Landfill Management ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Landfill leachate contains high concentration of contaminants in the form of nitrogen, suspended solids and heavy metals, which effects the environment adversely.  Hence leachate treatment is considered vital in landfill management as the effluent needs to undergo several treatments before being discharged into natural water bodies.  Without treatment, the leachate will contaminate the surface and ground water as it can penetrate through soils and subsoils. Several methods have been applied for the treatment of landfill leachate. However, these methods have several constraints due to area required and cost incurred. This paper presents the application of electrocoagulation in removing pollutants from landfill leachate; particularly ammonia-nitrogen and heavy metals.  Three metals namely aluminium, iron and zinc were used as electrodes.  Aluminium electrode was found to be the most effective where it was capable to extract 89% of zinc and 75% of iron in 30-minute retention time.   Subsequently, 93% of zinc and 83% of iron was removed in 120 minutes.  In addition, 93% of ammonia-nitrogen was also removed.   These results led to a conclusion that the electrocoagulation had the capacity to remove heavy metals and ammonia-nitrogen present in landfill leachate.    

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