THE IDENTIFICATION OF HELMINTHS AND COCCIDIA INFECTION FROM GOATS IN TWO FARMS IN KUALA TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hazirah Hisamuddin ◽  
Najat Hashim ◽  
Sharmeen Nellisa Soffian ◽  
Raja Nur Rahifah Inani Raja Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mardhiah Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Mcmaster Technique ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Near Future

Helminths and coccidia are major causative agents causing parasitic infections in livestock production. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal helminths and coccidia in goats in Terengganu, Malaysia. A total of 227 goats which consists of 107 adult goats and 120 young goats were selected randomly from two farms located in Terengganu, Malaysia. Sodium chloride flotation technique was used to identify helminths eggs and coccidia oocysts. The number of eggs per gram and faecal oocysts count were determined by using modified McMaster technique. Out of 227 goats, 221 goats were positive for gastrointestinal parasites giving the overall prevalence 97.36%. The highest prevalence was recorded for Eimeria (89%) followed by Strongyloides (46.3%), Strongyle (18.1%), Monezia (10.6%) and the lowest prevalence was recorded for Trichuris spp. (9.7%). Coccidia oocyst counts were significantly higher in young goats as compared to adult goats while the Strongyle and Strongyloides egg counts were significantly higher in adult goats compared to young goats (P<0.05). The findings of this study suggested that good management practices and proper hygiene management are important to combat the infection so that there will be no case of parasitic infection among goats in the near future in Terengganu.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey on Gastrointestinal Parasitic Zoonosis in Cattle of Sirajganj District, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Md. Hazzaz Bin Kabir ◽  
K. B. M. Saiful Islam ◽  
Kamrul Islam ◽  
Mahfuzul Islam ◽  
Shah JungyIbna Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
History Of

This study was conducted to evaluate the zoonotic gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle at Sirajganj district of Bangladesh during the period from February, 2016 to November, 2016 by coproscopy examination. A total of 150 fecal samples of cattle were collected from the study areas, which examined and found 41 (27.33%) were positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infections that has zoonotic importance. The prevalence of parasitic infection was significantly higher in female (33.7%) than in males (19. 4%). The prevalence of parasite was recorded higher in cross breed than in indigenous cattle which are statistically significant (p≤0.05). In case of age groups, the highest rate of infection was observed in adult of >1 years (28.5%) and the lowest in calves aged ≤1 year (25.4%). Moreover, the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites were higher in poor body conditioned cattle (36.3%) than that of malnourished (34%) and healthy cattle (22.4%). In case of management system, the prevalence of parasitic infections was higher in cattle reared in free range (40.0%) than cattle reared in semi-intensive (28.5%) and intensive system (25.5%). Furthermore, parasitic infections were higher in summer (36.5%) followed by winter season (25.5%) and rainy season (15.7%). A significant correlation (P=0.00) has been found between diarrheic non-diarrhea cattle. Finally, prevalence was significantly (P=0.02) higher in cattle with no previous history of anthelmintic use. From this study, it is concluded that gastrointestinal parasitic infection is a major threat to cattle health and production at Sirajganj district irrespective of age, sex, management system, breed, season, diarrheic and anthelmintic usage.

scholarly journals Management practices related to the control of gastrointestinal parasites on Swedish pig farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelie Pettersson ◽  
Marie Sjölund ◽  
Torun Wallgren ◽  
Eva Osterman Lind ◽  
Johan Höglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Antiparasitic Drugs ◽  
Biosecurity Practices

Abstract Background Internal parasites are common in pigs worldwide and may induce clinical disease or subclinical infections with negative effects such as poor weight gain and reduced welfare, which in turn affect productivity. Effective parasite control to reduce the negative impact of parasitic infections demands a combination of antiparasitic drugs as well as various hygiene and biosecurity practices. The aim of this study was to obtain information on current management practices and parasite control routines used on Swedish pig farms using an online questionnaire. Results Antiparasitic drugs were used on 69% of the farms routinely and were mainly administered to sows just prior to farrowing. Less than 5% of the herds conducted faecal analysis for parasites. Batchwise, age segregated rearing was common and overall, it was practiced for piglets, growers, and fatteners on 88, 80 and 75% of the farms, respectively. Large and medium sized farms appeared to apply stricter hygiene and biosecurity measures to the growing pigs compared to small farms. Dry sows were mainly housed in groups on deep litter straw beds and cleaning, as well as disinfection, between each group was less common compared to what was practiced for growing pigs. Outdoor access was rare and only occurred on organic and small farms. Most of the farms, 54, 74 and 82% of small, medium, and large sized herds respectively, reported to have less than 5% white spot lesions, caused by migrating A. suum larvae, registered at slaughter. Conclusion Several risk factors for parasite infections, such as bedding material, group housing and solid floors, are mandatory requirements by national law. However, it was evident from this study that although strategic hygiene and biosecurity practices appeared common, they were not practiced in all herds and less so for dry sows. Antiparasitic drugs were used frequently and mainly through routine prophylactic treatments without prior testing for parasites. A holistic approach is necessary when designing efficient parasite control programs, and it is essential that management factors and routine monitoring of parasites are given attention. This to achieve efficient parasite control and reduce the risk of unnecessary use of antiparasitic drugs.

scholarly journals Current aspects ση the anthelmintic management of gastrointestinal tapeworms and nematodes in the dog and cat

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
D. K. TAPES (Δ. Κ. ΤΑΠΕΣ) ◽  
M. E. MYLONAKIS (Μ. Ε. ΜΥΛΩΝΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
E. PAPADOPOULOS (Η. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) ◽  
A. F. KOUTINAS (Α. Φ. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Macrocyclic Lactones ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Echinococcus Spp

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in dogs and cats are a common problem in the clinical setting. Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms and tapeworms should be eliminated on a regular basis, not only to avoid possible health implications on the host itself, but also for the zoonotic potential of certain helminthes (ascarids, hookworms, Echinococcus spp.). Of the highly efficacious and safe medications that eliminate gastrointestinal helminths, commercially available in Greece are benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones, tetrahydropyrimidines and isokinolones. Since puppies, kittens, pregnant and nursing animals have a greater risk to acquire gastrointestinal parasites, more intensive anthelmintic schedules are usually instituted. In the less than 6-month old domestic carnivores, deworming should begin at the age of 2-3 weeks and proceed at biweekly intervals through the 12th week, followed thereafter by monthly administrations of the anthelmintics up to the age of 6 months. Nursing bitches and queens should be treated along with their offspring, since they often develop patent infections at that period of time. In animals older than 6 months, faecal examinations should be performed two to four times yearly, followed by the appropriate parasiticidal medication. In dogs which regularly receive heartworm preventatives, deworming schedules have to be modified according to their anthelmintic spectrum.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasitic infections of ruminants in extensive management system in Southwest, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
A. A. Bada ◽  
◽  
S. O. Adewole ◽  
L. K. Olofintoye ◽  
T. C. Omotoriogun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Ruminant Species

Parasitic diseases are major impediments and causes of mortality and morbidity in animals leading to drastic decrease in economic returns in livestock production. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among free–ranging ruminant species; with the objectives to determine difference in parasitic infection among ruminant species, and difference in parasitic infection between the sexes and age of the ruminant species. Random sampling method was used to collect small quantity of feaces from individual ruminants (n=54). Direct smear method was used to identify the eggs of the helminths in ruminant species. Chi-square test was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Higher prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite was found in Capra hircus relative to Ovis aries and Bos taurus. Both nematodes (Trichostrongylu ssp, Haemonchus contortus, Strongloides papillous, Sygamus larygenes and Ascaris sp; and trematodes (Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were found in the ruminant in this study. Trichostrongylu ssp and Fasciola gigantica showed higher prevalence than other gastrointestinal parasites. Young and female had higher infection of helminths than adult and male of the studied ruminant species. Preventing economic loss due to helminthic parasitic infections rely on available data, which in turn is paramount to guide effective coordination of animal health care system.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Gir Cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) and Jaffrabadi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Junagadh, Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatin V. Raval ◽  
Riddhi M. Sachaniya
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Buxtonella Sulcata ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Abstract Coprological analysis was performed to check the presence and previlance of gastrointestinal parasites. One hundred seventy six bovine faecal samples were studied. The study reported the presence of parasitic stages of Balantidium coli, Buxtonella sulcata, Trichostrongylus spp., Toxocara vitulorum, Fasciola spp., Strongyloid spp., and Paraamphistomum spp. 43.51 % (n = 108) faecal samples from Gir cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. and 36.76 % (n = 68) faecal samples from Jaffrabadi Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. In Cattle Balantidium coli was found highest (20.37 %) and in Buffaloes Buxtonella sulcata was found highest (8.82%). the highest incidence was recorded during august for both cattle (6.48 %) and buffalo (7.35 %). Gastrointestinalparasitic infections in claves (< 12 Months) was higher than older (> 60 Months) and adult animals (12-60 Months). Season wise gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle were reported maximum (23.15 %) during monsoon. Maximum prevalence in buffalo was reported during Monsoon (16.18 %). similarly, females recorded higher infection rates than malesfor both cattle and buffalo.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal helminths of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in western Poland (Lubuskie province) - with particular regard to Baylisascaris procyonis

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Karamon ◽  
Maciej Kochanowski ◽  
Tomasz Cencek ◽  
Magdalena Bartoszewicz ◽  
Paweł Kusyk
Keyword(s):  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Baylisascaris Procyonis ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites

Abstract The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in raccoons with particular regard to zoonotic parasites. Fifty-five raccoons, hunted or found dead on roads, were examined. The small and large intestines were collected from all raccoons and, additionally, the stomach was collected from 43 animals. The samples were examined with the use of sedimentation and counting technique. The intestines and stomach were examined separately. Samples of raccoon faeces were collected from their environment localised in Słubice district, Lubuskie province (Poland). The samples were collected once a month in 2012. In total, 154 faecal samples were obtained and examined with the use of McMaster flotation technique. The following parasites were detected in the intestinal and stomach contents: tapeworms Mesocestoides sp. (67.3%), Echinostomatidae flukes (34.5%), and nematodes Capillaria sp. (25.5%). Moreover, Acanthocephala were found in the intestines of three raccoons. The highest intensity of infection were observed in case of Mesocestoides sp. Mesocestoides sp. and Echinostomatidae were found statistically more often in the intestines than in the stomach. In the case of these two parasites, there was positive correlation between the intensity of infection in the intestines and the presence of the same parasites in the stomach. Moreover, significantly higher prevalence and intensity of Mesocestoides sp. in males than in females were also observed. Faecal samples contained Baylisascaris procyonis eggs (mean 60 epg). These eggs were found in three samples collected in November and December. Furthermore, in some faecal samples eggs of flukes, Capillaria sp., Mesocystoides sp., and coccidian oocysts were found. It is one of rare reports concerning Baylisascaris procyonis in Poland confirming the presence of this dangerous parasite in Polish raccoon population.

scholarly journals Improving the sensitivity of gastrointestinal helminths detection using the Mini-FLOTAC technique in wild birds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Lobos-Ovalle ◽  
Claudio Navarrete ◽  
Juan G. Navedo ◽  
Miguel Peña-Espinoza ◽  
Claudio Verdugo
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Flotac Technique

Abstract High-performance validated tests are essential for successful epidemiological monitoring, surveillance of parasitic infections, and comparative studies in wildlife populations. The Mini-FLOTAC is a novel flotation-based technique for the sensitive detection and quantification of gastrointestinal parasites that is recently being explored for use in wildlife. A limitation of any flotation-based copromicroscopic method is the selection of the flotation solution (FS), which might influence the performance of the test. However, no study has compared the influence of using different FS in the Mini-FLOTAC technique for parasite detection in wild birds. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Mini-FLOTAC in three waterbird host species using two widely used FS: saturated salt (NaCl; specific gravity 1.20) and saturated zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; specific gravity 1.35). One hundred fresh fecal samples were analyzed for parasite fecal egg counts (FEC). Regardless of the host species, fecal samples evaluated with the Mini-FLOTAC method using ZnSO4 resulted in a significantly higher detection rate and higher FEC of strongylid, capillarid, cestode, and trematode parasites, than samples analyzed with the NaCl solution. Our concise study demonstrated the importance of using an appropriate FS for the identification of parasite eggs in wildlife species, especially in hosts with an expected aggregated distribution and low parasite load such as waterbird hosts. The higher analytical sensitivity of the Mini-FLOTAC technique achieved with ZnSO4, and its applicability to fieldwork, highlights this method as a promising tool for the quantitative surveillance of parasite infections in wild bird populations.

scholarly journals Etiopathological and hematobiochemical profiles in goats with gastrointestinal disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1760-1766
Author(s):  
Sunena Nayak ◽  
Prasana Kumar Rath ◽  
Susen Kumar Panda ◽  
Bidyut Prava Mishra ◽  
Rajshree Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background and Aim: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in small ruminants limit production efficiency and productivity growth in the livestock sector, thereby directly preventing farmers from augmenting their income. This study aimed to provide detailed insight into the etiology, hematobiochemical parameters, and epidemiological risk factors of GI disorders in goats and to determine the pathology associated with the disorders. Materials and Methods: Over the period of 2018-2019, 500 goats in and around Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, were screened for GI disorders based on clinical signs. Blood samples from the control (n=10) and treatment (n=25) groups were collected for both hematological and serum biochemical alterations. Fecal examinations (n=220) were conducted for parasitic, bacterial, and virological assessments. Detailed necropsy and histopathological evaluations were conducted on 27 goats. Results: The GI disorder prevalence rate and mortality rate among the 500 goats analyzed were 44.4% and 12.27%, respectively. Chi-square analysis showed a significantly higher occurrence of GI disorders among the goats that were between 6 months and 1.5 years old (58.72%), were of the Ganjam breed (45.49%), had a poor body condition (71.11%), and were housed with an earthen floor (55.22%). The most common etiological risk factor observed was parasitic infection (65.45%), followed by bacterial (18.18%) and mixed infection (9.54%). Blood analysis showed neutrophilia and eosinophilia in infected goats, in addition to anemia; significant decreases in total protein, globulin, albumin, and glucose levels; and significant increases in aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase levels. The major histopathological findings were infiltration of mononuclear cells and desquamation of the intestinal and ruminal mucosa. Conclusion: Stakeholders should focus not only on parasitic infections and other important etiological risk factors for GI disorders in goats but also on proper farming management practices to help enhance the income of farmers. The hematobiochemical alterations and pathomorphological changes reported in this study can be used by field veterinarians as guidelines for clinical evaluation and disease severity assessment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitic infections of cats and efficacy of antiparasitics against these infections in Mymensingh sadar, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Mehedi ◽  
A. Nahar ◽  
A. K. M. A. Rahman ◽  
M. A. Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Protozoal Infection ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
Human Infections

Background: Gastro-intestinal parasitic infections in cats is a major concern for public health as they have zoonotic importance. The present research was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitic infection in cats in different areas of Mymensingh Sadar between December, 2018 to May, 2019. Methods: The fecal samples were examined by simple sedimentation and stoll’s ova counting method for detection of eggs/cysts/oocysts of parasites. The efficacy of antiparasitics against the parasitic infections in cats was evaluated. Results: The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 62.9% (39/62) and the mixed parasitic infection was 20.9% (13/62). The prevalence of Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme infections were 17.7% and 6.5%, respectively. The prevalence of Taenia pisiformis infection was 3.22%. However, the prevalence of Isospora felis, Toxoplasma gondii and Balantidium coli infections were 4.8%, 3.2% and 6.5%. The prevalence of infection was significantly (P<0.008) higher in kitten than that in adult cat. The efficacy of albendazole, fenbendazole against single helminth infection was 100%. However, the efficacy of the drug was reduced against mixed helminth infection. The efficacy of metronidazole, pyrimithamine plus sulfadoxine was 100% against single protozoa infection but the efficacy of the drug was reduced against mixed protozoal infection. Conclusions: Kittens should be dewormed with effective anthelmintics as they are more vulnerable to parasitic diseases. The T. cati, A. tubaeforme, T. gondii prevalent in cats are zoonotic and owners awareness need to be increased to prevent human infections.

scholarly journals Seasonal Preponderance of Gastrointestinal Parasites and their impact on Small Ruminants around Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovais Ali Wani
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Central India ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cattle Rearing

Abstract In India, the Livestock (generally cattle-rearing) is one of the most potential sub-sectors of agriculture which plays a necessary role in endorsing human health and economy and most predominantly in central India, Small ruminants like (sheep and goat) constitute the major portion of livestock. Gwalior is considered as a Semi-Central Zone where different tribes particularly Gujjar’s and Bakerwals had made livestock usually cattle-rearing as their proficient business. The production and productivity of small ruminants in Gwalior state are greatly hindered by various diseases which specially include gastro-intestinal parasitic infection mainly caused due to inappropriate care, unhygienic environmental conditions, severe and hot climatic conditions, and close interaction with other infected animals. Gastrointestinal parasitism is a worldwide problem which has affected masses of ruminants throughout the entire world; and Therefore, a one-year-long epizootic survey was accompanied to study the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and various species of GI parasites present in small ruminants like (goats/sheep) in the Gwalior region of Madhya Pradesh. From January 2019 to January 2020, an aggregate of 338 faecal samples of (goats and sheep) from different locations in Gwalior were examined to confirm the presence of parasites and gastrointestinal parasitic infections. Majority of the samples were found positive for endoparasites and goats were also detected positive for gastrointestinal parasites too. In Goat, the inclusive incidence of Haemonchus, Coccidia, Trichuris, Nematodirus, and Fasciola were 47.6, 36.5, 39.6% respectively. While, In Sheep the incidence of Haemonchus, Coccidia, Trichuris were found to be as 58.1, 37.2, 23.2% respectively. More prominently, the occurrence of Nematodirus and Fasciola (20.9, 2.32%) were detected individually in sheep alone. The current analysis could assist as a reference line study for additional extensive experiments to evaluate specific region risk factors.

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