scholarly journals STRENGTH, WATER ABSORPTION AND THERMAL COMFORT OF MORTAR BRICKS CONTAINING CRUSHED CERAMIC WASTE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorli Ismail ◽  
Norhafizah Salleh ◽  
Noor Faezah Mohd Yusof ◽  
Zalipah Jamellodin ◽  
Mohd Faizal Mohd Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Ceramic Waste ◽  
Masonry Units

This present study investigated the crushed ceramic waste utilisation as sand replacement in solid mortar bricks. The percentage of crushed ceramic waste used were 0% (CW0), 10% (CW10), 20% (CW20) and 30% (CW30) from the total weight of sand. The dimension prescribed of mortar bricks are 215 mm x 102.5 mm x 65 mm as followed accordance to MS 2281:2010 and BS EN 771-1:2011+A1:2015. Four (4) tests were conducted on mortar bricks namely crushing strength, water absorption, compressive strength of masonry units and thermal comfort. The incorporation of ceramic waste in all designated mortar bricks showed the increment of crushing strength between 23% and 46% at 28 days of curing and decrement water absorption between 34% and 44% was recorded corresponding to control mortar bricks. The prism test of masonry units consists of mortar bricks containing ceramic waste indicated the high increment of compressive strength at about 200% as compared to mortar brick without ceramic waste. The thermal comfort test of ceramic mortar bricks were also showed the good insulation with low interior temperature. Therefore, the ceramic waste can be utilised as a material replacement to fine aggregate in mortar brick productions due to significant outcomes performed. 

scholarly journals CERAMIC WASTE REUSABILITY: EFFECT OF AGGREGATE GRAIN SIZE AND MIX RATIO ON LIGHTWEIGHT DENSE MASONRY UNIT PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Ademola Ayodeji Ajayi-Banji ◽  
D. A. Jenyo ◽  
Jubril Bello ◽  
M. A. Adegbile
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ceramic Ware ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Masonry Unit ◽  
Water Absorbability ◽  
Masonry Units

Ceramic ware waste generation is becoming a global concern because of the increasing volume, hazardous nature, limited reusability, and poor waste management practices. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of the inclusion of this waste as complementary aggregate in solid masonry unit production with bias interest on the compressive strength and water absorbability. Three particle sizes (1.4, 1.7, and 2.0 mm) of crushed ceramic ware waste were blended with natural fine aggregate under three different mix ratios (10, 20, and 30%) to produce the masonry units cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days prior to compressive tests analysis. Afterwards, some of the categories cured for 28-days were subjected to water absorption test. Morphology and elemental composition of the aggregates were also inspected using SEM-EDM machine. Also investigated were some of the aggregates’ physical properties. Results indicated that most of the waste-modified solid masonry units not only had water absorption capacity within required standard. The values were equally lower than the unmodified dense block (control) by 27 - 50%. Of the eighteen different categories produced, all M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 modified dense masonry unit series with P1.7 (1.7 mm) and P2.0 (2.0 mm) particle sizes had high crushing force, compressive strength, and modulus range, which were 57 - 70 kN, 57 - 61 kN, 59 - 76 kN; 5.1 - 5.2 MPa, 5.1 - 5.5 MPa, 5.3 – 6.8 MPa; and 400 – 441 MPa, 411 – 419 MPa, 468 – 480 MPa respectively. Hence, modified masonry units with particle sizes P1.7 and P2.0 under the M20T14, M20T21, and M30T28 series are suitable masonry units for non-loading construction purposes. Interestingly, modified masonry unit (M30P2.0T7) cured under 7 days could also fit into this category. Hence, utilization of ceramic ware waste as co-aggregate in dense masonry units with M20 and M30 series production were established in this study for non-loading construction purposes

scholarly journals PROPERTIES OF MORTARS CONTAINING TIRE RUBBER WASTE AND EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE (EPS)

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane Pczieczek ◽  
Adilson Schackow ◽  
Carmeane Effting ◽  
Itamar Ribeiro Gomes ◽  
Talita Flores Dias
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Entrained Air

This study aims to evaluate the application of discarded tire rubber waste and Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) in mortar. For mortars fine aggregate was replaced by 10%, 20% and 30% of rubber and, 7.5% and 15% of EPS. We have verified the consistency, density, amount of air and water retentitivity in fresh state. The compressive strength, water absorption, voids ratio and specific gravity have been also tested in hardened state. The application of rubber powder contributed to the increase in entrained air content and in reducing specific gravity, as well as reducing compressive strength at 28 days. The addition of EPS also contributed to the increase of workability, water absorption and voids ratio, and decreased density and compressive strength when compared to the reference mortar. The use of rubber waste and EPS in mortar made the material more lightweight and workable. The mortars mixtures containing 10% rubber and 7.5% EPS showed better results.

The Effect of Steel Slag Coarse Aggregate on the Mechanical and Durability Performances of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Md. Jihad Miah ◽  
Mohammad Shamim Miah ◽  
Anisa Sultana ◽  
Taukir Ahmed Shamim ◽  
Md Ashraful Alom
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Burnt Clay ◽  
Good Agreement

This work performs experimental investigations on concrete made with difference replacement percentage of first-class burnt clay brick aggregate (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, and 100%) by steel slag (SS) aggregate. The aim is to evaluate the mechanical properties as well as durability performances, additionally, water absorption porosity test is performed to investigate the influence of steel slag aggregate on the durability of tested concrete. The experimental results have shown that the compressive strength was improved significantly due to the replacement of brick aggregate by steel slag aggregate. The crushing strength of concrete made with 100% steel slag aggregate has gained up to 70% more than the control concrete (100% brick aggregate). However, the porosity of concrete was reduced with the adding percentage of brick aggregate by steel slag aggregate which is consistent with the compressive strength results. Further, a quite good agreement between compressive strength and porosity was observed as well.

scholarly journals Use of Recycled Tyre Rubber in Non-structural Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Waris ◽  
Hussain Najwani ◽  
Khalifa Al-Jabri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Blocks

To manage tyre waste and conserve natural aggregate resource, this research investigates the use of waste tyre rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregates in non-structural concrete. The research used Taguchi method to study the influence of mix proportion, water-to-cement ratio and tyre rubber replacement percentage on concrete. Nine mixes were prepared with mix proportion of 1:2:4, 1:5:4 and 1:2.5:3; water-to-cement ratio of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 and rubber to fine aggregate replacement of 20%, 30% and 40%. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were carried out on 100 mm cubes. Compressive strength was directly proportional to the amount of coarse aggregate in the mix. Water-to-cement ratio increased the strength within the range used in the study. Strength was found to be more sensitive to the overall rubber content than the replacement ratio. Seven out of the nine mixes satisfied the minimum strength requirement for concrete blocks set by ASTM. Water absorption and density for all mixes satisfied the limits applicable for concrete blocks. The study indicates that mix proportions with fine to coarse aggregate ratio of less than 1.0 and w/c ratio around 0.40 can be used with tyre rubber replacements of up to 30 % to satisfy requirements for non-structural concrete.

scholarly journals Recycling of waste incineration bottom ash in the production of interlocking concrete bricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu May ◽  
Huynh Trong Phuoc ◽  
Le Thanh Phieu ◽  
Ngo Van Anh ◽  
Chau Minh Khai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Toxic Material ◽  
Visible Defect

This study presents an experimental investigation on the recycling of waste incineration bottom ash (IBA) as a fine aggregate in the production of interlocking concrete bricks (ICB). Before being used, the concentration of heavy metal in IBA was determined to confirm it is a non-toxic material. In this study, the IBA was used to replace crushed sand (CSA) in the brick mixtures at different replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (by volume). The ICB samples were checked for dimensions, visible defects, compressive strength, bending strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion in accordance with the related Vietnamese standards. The test results demonstrated that the IBA used in this study was a non-toxic material, which can be widely used for construction activities. All of the ICB samples prepared for this study exhibited a nice shape with consistent dimensions and without any visible defects. The incorporation of IBA in the brick mixtures affected engineering properties of the ICB samples such as a reduction in the compressive strength and bending strength and an increment in water absorption and surface abrasion of the brick samples. As a result, the compressive strength, bending strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion values of ICB samples at 28 days were in the ranges of 20.6 – 34.9 MPa, 3.95 – 6.62 MPa, 3.8 – 7.2%, and 0.132 – 0.187 g/cm2, respectively. Therefore, either partial or full replacement of CSA by IBA, the ICB with grades of M200 – M300 could be produced with satisfying the TCVN 6476:1999 standard in terms of dimensions, visible defects, compressive strength, water absorption, and surface abrasion. These results demonstrated the high applicability of the local IBA in the production of the ICB for various construction application purposes. Keywords: interlocking concrete brick; waste incineration bottom ash; visible defect; compressive strength; bending strength; water absorption; surface abrasion.

scholarly journals Valorization of Crushed Glass as a Potential Replacement for Sand in Cement Stabilized Fly Ash Bricks

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saraswathy ◽  
Jijo James ◽  
P. Kasinatha Pandian ◽  
G. Sriram ◽  
J. K. Sundar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Control Specimen ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Sand Stabilized

AbstractThe present study involved the utilization of crushed glass as an auxiliary additive in the manufacture of cement stabilized fly ash (CSF) bricks. The bricks were made with 1:1 proportion of fly ash and sand stabilized with 20 % cement. Crushed glass was used as replacement for the fine aggregate in increments of 10 % up to 40 % wherein the sand was completely replaced with crushed glass. The various mix proportions were then moulded into bricks with the addition of water by hand moulding method of forming the bricks and sun dried followed by sprinkle curing over a period of 21 days. The bricks were then subjected to compressive strength, water absorption and efflorescence tests to gauge its performance. The investigation revealed that the addition of crushed glass to the brick mix resulted in an increase in strength of the bricks, however, the maximum strength achieved could not achieve the strength of the control specimen. But the strength was higher than the minimum strength recommended by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for stabilized blocks as well as burnt bricks. It also reduced the water absorption marginally while no efflorescence was seen in any of the combinations. A cost comparison revealed that the optimal combination with crushed glass was able reduce the cost of the brick by 20 %.

Replacement of Sand By PVC Pipe Waste in Pavement Blocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Harshit Sangtani ◽  
Bhavini Jain ◽  
K Narayana Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Pvc Pipe

In the present research an attempt has been made to replace some part of fine aggregate (sand) by an industrial waste, the industrial waste under investigation is produced when the PVC pipes are cut into the desired sizes, it is a very thin flaky substance having a specific gravity of 1.5.This material is very voluminous in nature, so it reduces the workability of concrete if used in large percentage. So this material cannot be used in very large quantities but it can successfully replace sand up to 20 percent when used in pavement blocks. Experimentation was done at a water-cement ratio ranging from 0.43-0.35.Compressive strength of the concrete has been evaluated at 7 days, 14 days 21 days and 28 days. Results of the investigation indicate that compressive strength of the concrete decreases as the percentage of PVC waste material increases.7 day strength of the concrete has varied from 35.55 MPa to 70.01 MPa and 28 day strength has varied from 56.7 MPa to 76 MPa. Water absorption was well within the limits and varied from 4.67% to 7.26% by mass. The results revealed that this waste material can satisfactorily replace sand in small amount also it is a great way to dispose of the waste and hence is a step forward in the quest for a greener concrete.

Possibility of using recycled waste medical-glass as fine aggregate in normal-strength concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Huynh Thi My Dung ◽  
Huynh Van Hiep ◽  
Huynh Trong Phuoc
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Normal Strength Concrete ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Normal Strength ◽  
Recycled Waste ◽  
Medical Glass

The possibility of using recycled waste medical-glass aggregate (RGA) as a fine aggregate in the production of normal-strength concrete was investigated in this study. The influence of RGA as crushed sand (CS) replacement at different levels (by volume) of 0 – 100% (an interval of 20%) on the engineering properties and durability of concrete was also studied. Results show that the replacement of CS by RGA insignificantly affected the workability and unit weight of fresh concrete mixtures. Besides, using RGA to replace 20 – 60% CS was beneficial in terms of compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). At these replacement levels, the dry density values were found to increase and the water absorption values were reduced as well. However, replacing CS with RGA up to 80% and 100% caused a reduction in compressive strength, dry density, and UPV and an increase in water absorption and drying shrinkage of concretes. Closed correlations among the above-mentioned concrete properties were also found in this study. All of the concrete samples obtained compressive strength values higher than the target strength (≥ 25 MPa) and they were classified as very good quality concretes with UPV values of above 4100 m/s. The experimental results demonstrate a high possibility of producing normal-strength concrete with a fine aggregate of RGA as either partially or fully replacement of CS. This also provides an environmentally-friendly solution for recycling waste medical glass in construction materials for sustainable development.

Effect of Coarse Aggregate Sizes on Properties of Porous Concrete Paving Blocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Nur Hidayah ◽  
Md Nor Hasanan ◽  
P.J. Ramadhansyah
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Porous Concrete ◽  
Elongation Index ◽  
Flakiness Index

Properties of Porous Concrete Paving Blocks (PCPB) were investigated in this study. Two groups of coarse aggregate sizes were performed; passing 8 mm retains 5 mm and passing 10 mm retains 8 mm. For mixture design, 100 % of coarse aggregate were used. However, fine aggregate was eliminated in this investigation. The density, water absorption, flakiness index and elongation index test were performed to determine the properties of the coarse aggregate used in this study. Compression test and skid resistance test were used to evaluate the performance of PCPB. The results show that PCPB containing coarse aggregate size 5 8 mm give high compressive strength compared to others PCPB specimen. In addition, both PCPB specimens give an in increasing in skid resistance approximately 30 % compared to Concrete Paving Blocks (CPB).

scholarly journals Critical studies on bond strengths of masonry units

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 2250
Author(s):  
B P. Nandurkar ◽  
Dr A. M. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Failure Patterns ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Red Clay Brick ◽  
Masonry Units

Performance of masonry is normally attributed to compressive strength of individual units, water absorption of individual units, strength of masonry mortar and the bond between mortar and individual units. Many researches in the past have contributed towards the bond strength and relevance of compressive strength of mortar in achieving good bonds. However, the quality of bricks available in India significantly vary from region the region. Thus, a need is felt in understanding bond strength of masonry. In this paper three types of mortars(total nine combinations), two types of bricks (red clay brick and fly ash brick) are considered, tests such as compressive strength, water absorption of the bricks, compressive strength of various mortar combinations, flexure bond strength and shear bond strength are presented. Failure patterns of the masonry units are also discussed. Results of the two tests show noticeable variation in bond strengths, however the shear bond strength has significant relationship with the compressive strength of mortar. The research outcome also points towards using bricks in saturated condition for achieving adequate performance.  

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