scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF RIVER AND VOLCANIC SAND AS COATINGS ON POLYPROPYLENE WASTE COARSE AGGREGATE TOWARDS CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandjar Pamudji ◽  
Madsuri Satim ◽  
Mochamad Chalid ◽  
Heru Purnomo

One of the most important factors used to determine the compressive strength of concrete is its aggregate and matrix adhesion. This study examines the surface properties of polypropylene (PP) waste coarse aggregate (PWCA) to determine the influence of sand. The PWCA was made from the PP waste and different types of coating such as PWCA-R (river sand) and PWCA-V (volcanic sand), with experimental tests conducted on the physical properties of sand and PWCA, while the compressive strength, FESEM and density of polypropylene waste coarse aggregate concrete (PWCAC). Concrete specimens were prepared by replacing natural coarse aggregate with PWCA in percentages of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, varying the water-cement ratio by 0.3 and 0.42 and using polypropylene (PP) waste coarse aggregate (PWCA-R and PWCA-V) as the coating material. The results showed that fineness modulus (F.M) and water absorption of the river sand was higher compared to volcanic sand. The PWCA-V had higher density and specific gravity compared to PWCA-R. On the other hand, water absorption of the PWCA-V was lower than PWCA-R. The PWCA concrete had density which varies from 1740 kg/m3 to 2074 kg/m3. For both, the PWCA concrete compressive strength at 28 days with a 100% replacement ratio was reduced by 43% to 55% compared to the natural coarse aggregate (NCA) concrete with 0.3 and 0.42 water-cement ratios. Also, the structural efficiency of PWCAC decreased with an increase in replacement ratio. River sand adhered to the PWCA surface resulted in a better compressive strength value compared to the volcanic sand. 

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Agung Prayogi

Abstract Concrete is the most widely used material throughout the world and innovations continue to be carried out to produce efficient development. Shell charcoal ash and rice husk ash are industrial by-products which have the potential to replace sand for concrete mix, especially in Indragiri Hilir. The research with the title "Effect of Mixture of Rice Husk Ash and Shell Ash Ashes as Substitute for Some Fine Aggregates Against Concrete Compressive Strength" aims to prove the effect of a mixture of shell charcoal ash and husk ash to replace some of the sand to produce maximum compressive strength. Concrete is a mixture of Portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water. This research uses 5 variations of the mixture to the weight of sand, BSA 0 without a substitute mixture, BSA 1 with a mixture of 5% husk ash and 10% shell charcoal, BSA 2 with a mixture of 5% husk ash and 15% charcoal ash, BSA 3 with a mixture of 5% husk ash and 18% charcoal, BSA 4 with a mixture of 10% husk and 10% charcoal, and BSA 5 with a mixture of 13% husk ash and 10% charcoal ash. SNI method is used for the Job Mix Formula (JMF) mixture in this research. The results of the average compressive strength of concrete at 28 days for JMF of 21.05 MPa, BSA 1 of 23.68 MPa, BSA 2 of 22.23 MPa, BSA 3 of 14.39 MPa, BSA 4 of 13.34 MPa , and BSA 5 of 20.14 MPa. The conclusion drawn from the results of the BSA 1 research with a mixture of 5% husk ash and 15% charcoal ash produced the highest average compressive strength of 23.68 MPa. Abstrak Beton merupakan material paling banyak digunakan diseluruh dunia dan terus dilakukan inovasi untuk menghasilkan pembangunan yang efisien. Abu arang tempurung dan abu sekam padi merupakan hasil sampingan industri yang berpotensi sebagai pengganti pasir untuk campuran beton, khususnya di Indragiri Hilir. Penelitian dengan judul “Pengaruh Campuran Abu Sekam Padi dan Abu Arang Tempurung Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton” ini bertujuan membuktikan adanya pengaruh campuran abu arang tempurung dan abu sekam untuk mengganti sebagian pasir hingga menghasilkan kuat tekan maksimum. Beton adalah campuran antara semen portland, agregat halus, agregat kasar, dan air. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 variasi campuran terhadap berat pasir, BSA 0 tanpa campuran pengganti, BSA 1 dengan campuran 5 % abu sekam dan 10% arang tempurung, BSA 2 dengan campuran 5% abu sekam dan 15% abu arang, BSA 3 dengan campuran 5% abu sekam dan 18% arang, BSA 4 dengan campuran 10% sekam dan 10% arang, dan BSA 5 dengan campuran 13% abu sekam dan 10% abu arang. Metode SNI digunakan untuk campuran Job Mix Formula (JMF)  pada penelitian ini. Hasil rata-rata kuat tekan beton pada umur 28 hari untuk JMF sebesar 21,05 MPa, BSA 1 sebesar 23,68 MPa, BSA 2 sebesar 22,23 MPa, BSA 3 sebesar 14,39 MPa, BSA 4 sebesar 13,34 MPa, dan BSA 5 Sebesar 20,14 MPa. Ditarik kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian BSA 1 dengan campuran 5% abu sekam dan 15% abu arang menghasilkan rata-rata kuat tekan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 23,68 MPa.  


Author(s):  
Suhaib Bakshi

Abstract: Compressive strength of concrete is the capacity of concrete to bear loads of materials or structure sans breaking or being deformed. Specimen under compression shrinks in size whilst under tension the size elongates. Compressive strength essentially gives concept about the properties of concrete. Compressive strength relies on many aspects such as water-cement ratio, strength of cement, calidad of concrete material. Specimens are tested by compression testing machine after the span of 7 or 28 days of curing. Compressive strength of the concrete is designated by the load on the area of specimen. In this research various proportions of such aggregate mixed in preparing M 30 grade and M 40 grade of Concrete mix and the effect is studied on its compressive strength . Several research papers have been assessed to analyze the compressive strength of concrete and the effect of different zones of sand on compressive strength are discussed in this paper. Keywords: Sand, Gradation, Coarse aggregate, Compressive strength


Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Ying ◽  
Zewen Han ◽  
Luming Shen ◽  
Wengui Li

Parent concrete coming from a wide range of sources can result in considerable differences in the properties of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). In this study, the RCAs were obtained by crushing the parent concrete with water-to-cement ratios (W/Cparent) of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6, respectively, and were strengthened by carbonation and nano-silica slurry wrapping methods. It was found that when W/Cparen was 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively, compared with the mortar in the untreated RCA, the capillary porosity of the mortar in the carbonated RCA decreased by 19%, 16% and 30%, respectively; the compressive strength of concrete containing the carbonated RCA increased by 13%, 11% and 13%, respectively; the chloride diffusion coefficient of RAC (DRAC) containing the nano-SiO2 slurry-treated RCA decreased by 17%, 16% and 11%; and that of RAC containing the carbonated RCA decreased by 21%, 25% and 26%, respectively. Regardless of being strengthened or not, both DRAC and porosity of old mortar in RCAs increased with increasing W/Cparent. For different types of RCAs, DRAC increased obviously with increasing water absorption of RCA. Finally, a theoretical model of DRAC considering the water absorption of RCA was established and verified by experiments, which can be used to predict the DRAC under the influence of different factors, especially the water absorption of RCA.


2011 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Taeg Lee ◽  
Seong Uk Hong ◽  
Hyun Suk Jang ◽  
Sang Ki Baek ◽  
Young Sang Cho

National effort to recycle construction waste as structural concrete usage of high economic value is ongoing, but performance rate of recycling is a low-level due to a lack of awareness on the recycled aggregates. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to verify the structural applicability of recycled aggregates. This study compared a compressive strength based on the replacement ratio of natural aggregate and recycled aggregate, and analyzed a correlation of wave velocity due to the increase in compressive strength under the same condition. The 『design standard strength – replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate』 was set to total 12 combinations by applying 0, 30, 50, 100[%] replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate to 21, 27, 35[MPa] to the design standard strength. During the experiment of fracture strength, strength degradation due to the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate did not occur, and it was found that the wave velocity also increased along with an increase in strength due to the age of recycled coarse aggregate concrete.


Author(s):  
C. B. N. Bert-Okonkwor ◽  
K. C. Okolie ◽  
F. O. Ezeokoli ◽  
G. C. Ohazulume

The strength characteristics of concrete made from different brands of cement used in Anambra State, Nigeria are reported in this paper. Samples of the selected brands of cement were collected and are used in mixing concrete. The study was conducted in Anambra State, Nigeria for 10 months. Samples of the selected brands of cement were collected and are used in mixing concrete. The fine aggregates used was obtained from River Sand (Onitsha), coarse aggregate is 12 mm quarried granite and water used for the concrete mixing is fit for drinking. These samples of concrete are tested in the laboratory (Anambra State Material Testing Laboratory) for workability and compressive strength and the result obtained were presented in simple tables The study found out that the compressive strength (28th day) of BUA, SUPASET, DANGOTE and UNICEM cements were 30.5, 31.70, 29.66 and 29.08 N/mm2, respectively. Also, the result of the slump value ranges from 70–140 (indicating that the concrete mix is workable) for all the four samples. The results indicate that SUPASET yielded the highest compressive strength (28th day) while UNICEM yielded the lowest compressive strength (28th day). The study was concluded by recommending that all the selected brands of cement within the study area met with the required standard. All concrete samples achieved the minimum compressive strength of concrete (i.e., 21 N/mm2) within 7 days of production. Though the popular cement in the study area is DANGOTE, SUPASET cement is the best cement in terms of strength characteristics while UNICEM possesses the least compressive strength.


2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Jun Lin Tao ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Jian Jun Xie

Recycled concrete which are made by waste concrete has significance of environmental protection and saving natural resources. But there are different study results of recycled concrete of domestic and foreign scholars, so it is necessary to do the further study of recycled concrete. Compressive strength test of 225 concrete standard cube specimens have been done by Hydraulic Type Universal Testing Machine, and the relationships among recycled concrete compressive strength, age and recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio have been studied. The results show: the growth rate of early strength of recycled concrete is smaller than natural concrete of the same gradation and the growth rate of later strength of recycled concrete is faster than natural concrete; when the recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio increases the compressive strength of concrete decreases, and when the recycled coarse aggregate replacement ratio is over 70%, the decrease ranges more apparent.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Md. Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Arup Ratan Sarker

It is proved that aggregate’s types have the severe effect on physicomechanical properties of concrete as aggregate covered almost 70 to 80 percent of the total volume of concrete. The effect of Flaky and Elongated aggregates on strength, durability, and workability of concrete has often been qualitatively expressed. The aim of this work is establishing the same quantitatively. M25 grade concrete for different ratios of weights of Elongated to normal aggregate, Flaky to normal aggregate and combined Flaky & Elongated aggregate to normal aggregate was tested for compressive strength at 28 days concrete. Three different types of aggregates were employed in the investigation, namely; normal aggregate, Elongated aggregate, and Flaky aggregate. Density and water absorption also kept constant to identify the effects on properties of concrete only for differences in shape. Thirty-six concrete cylinder was cast at 28 days. Varying dosages of Normal aggregate (60%, 65%, 70%, 75%,80% 85%), flaky aggregate (40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%), elongated aggregate (40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%), by mixture volume and length of 12inch (304.8 mm) & diameter of 6inch (152.4 mm) cylinder were used to test. Compaction was done by temping rod. Concrete cylinder was tested at the age of 28 days of curing. This study proposed of mixing three different types of aggregate in concrete. Compressive strength of concrete was measured by the effect of three different shapes of aggregates of varying dosages.


2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1362-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Liu ◽  
Xiao Na Zhang

Considering the high absorption of water is a distinctive feature of recycled crushed bricks coarse aggregate, the mixture ratio text of recycled concrete using crushed bricks as coarse aggregate is carried out, and the compressive performance is studied.The resert indicate , the strength grade of recycled concrete which using bricks as coarse aggregate can reach C20 and C25, characterisitic value of cubic concrete compressive strength at the age of 28 days are 21.2MPa and 27.55MPa;Based on regression analysis of test data , the formulas which estimated the strength of recycled coarse aggregates concrete are given out. Calculated values are in agreement with the measurement values, which can provide a reference for engineering application.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Prilly Putri Prasanti ◽  
Priyanto Saelan

ABSTRAKPersyaratan gradasi agregat kasar pada SNI dinyatakan dalam modulus kehalusan. Modulus kehalusan yang disyaratkan untuk agregat kasar adalah 6,0–7,1. Batasan gradasi agregat kasar yang ditetapkan dalam SNI seringkali tidak dipenuhi dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan beton, terutama jika menggunakan agregat kasar berukuran 40 mm, yang mengakibatkan modulus kehalusan agregat kasar lebih besar dari 7,1. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai batasan gradasi agregat kasar untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang diakibatkan bila agregat kasar melampaui batasan rentang modulus kehalusan yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat campuran beton menggunakan cara Dreux untuk kuat tekan rencana 30 MPa, nilai slump rencana 30–60 mm dan 60–180 mm, serta modulus kehalusan agregat kasar 6,0; 6,5; 7,0; 7,5; dan 8,0. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa campuran beton dengan modulus kehalusan agregat kasar di atas 7,0 tidak berpengaruh terhadap kuat tekan beton, maka batasan gradasi agregat kasar dapat dikembangkan dari 7,1 hingga 8,0.Kata kunci: batasan gradasi, modulus kehalusan, agregat kasar, kuat tekan beton ABSTRACT The requirements of coarse aggregate gradation in SNI stated with the fineness modulus. The fineness modulus required for coarse aggregates is 6.0–7.1. The limitations set in SNI are often not met in the implementation of concrete work, especially if using 40 mm aggregates, resulting in fineness modulus greater than 7.1. Further research on the coarse aggregate gradation limits is needed to determine the effects when it exceeded. The research is done by making concrete mixtures using Dreux's method with concrete compressive strength design  30 MPa, slump design 30–60 mm and 60–180 mm, as well as the coarse aggregate fineness modulus 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, and 8.0. The results reveal that concrete mixtures with coarse aggregate fineness modulus above 7.0 do not affect concrete compressive strength, so the coarse aggregate gradation limitation can be extended from 7.1 to 8.0.Keywords: gradation limits, fineness modulus, coarse aggregate, concrete compressive strength


BANGUNAN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Fairuza Putri Prastowo ◽  
Bambang Djatmiko ◽  
N. Bambang Revantoro

Abstrak:Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai slump dan kuat tekan beton adalah bahan-bahan penyusun beton. Logika fuzzy Sugeno digunakan untuk prediksi nilai slump dan kuat tekan beton dengan bantuan software MATLAB versi 8.5.0.197613 R2015a. Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimental aplikatif dan validasi dengan sistem Multiple Input Double Output (MIDO). Hasil penelitian : 1) Variabel multiple input terdiri dari semen, agregat kasar, agregat halus, dan air. Variabel double output terdiri dari nilai slump dan kuat tekan beton. 2) Himpunan fuzzy yang digunakan himpunan variabel linguistik minimum-medium-maksimum dengan fungsi keanggotaan segitiga. 3) Perhitungan cara manual dengan 4 tahapan, yaitu: membuat himpunan dan multiple input variabel, aplikasi fungsi implikasi, komposisi aturan, dan deffuzifikasi. 4) Perhitungan cara komputasi. 5) Hasil validitas diperoleh: a) hasil perhitungan ouput cara manual sama dengan output cara komputasi, yaitu nilai slump 8,75 cm dan kuat tekan 50 MPa, b) uji linearitas menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi R2 sama dengan 0,967 lebih dari 0,95 untuk slump dan R2 sama dengan 0,9516 lebih dari 0,95 untuk kuat tekan beton, c) uji beda rerata didapat P-value 0,200 lebih dari 0,05 untuk slump dan P-value 0,136 lebih dari 0,05 untuk kuat tekan beton. Maka, program dinyatakan valid dan layak digunakan. 6) Simulasi aplikasi logika fuzzy Sugeno dilakukan 5 kali dengan hasil: a) Jumlah semen, jumlah agregat kasar, jumlah agregat halus dan jumlah air berbanding lurus dengan nilai slump dan kuat tekan beton, b) Jumlah semen berbanding terbalik dengan air. Apabila jumlah semen maksimum dan jumlah air minimum maka menghasilkan nilai slump minimum dan kekuatan tekan beton maksimum dan sebaliknya, c) Agregat halus berbanding lurus dengan agregat kasar. Sehingga nilai slump dan kuat tekan beton akan mengalami minimum, medium dan maksimum apabila agregat kasar medium dan agregat halus medium.Kata-kata kunci: Logika fuzzy, Metode Sugeno, slump beton, kuat tekan beton.Abstract: One of the factors that influence the value of slump and compressive strength of concrete is the ingredients of concrete. Sugeno fuzzy logic is used to predict slump values and concrete compressive strength with the help of MATLAB software version 8.5.0.197613 R2015a. The study uses an applicative experimental design and validation with a Multiple Input Double Output (MIDO) system. Results: 1) Multiple input variables consisting of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and water. The double output variable consists of slump value and concrete compressive strength. 2) Fuzzy set which is used minimum-medium-maximum linguistic variable set with triangle membership function. 3) Calculation of the manual method with 4 stages, namely: creating sets and multiple input variables, application of function implications, composition of rules, and deffuzification. 4) Calculation of computational methods. 5) The validity results are obtained: a) the results of manual output calculation are the same as the output of the computational method, namely the slump value of 8.75 cm and compressive strength of 50 MPa, b) the linearity test produces a coefficient of determination R2 is 0.967 more than 0.95 for the slump and R2 is 0.9516 more than 0.95 for concrete compressive strength, c) the average difference test obtained P-value 0.200 more than 0.05 for slump and P-value 0.136 more than 0.05 for concrete compressive strength. Then, the program is declared valid and is feasible to use. 6) Sugeno fuzzy logic application simulation is done 5 times with the results: a) The amount of cement, the amount of coarse aggregate, the amount of fine aggregate and the amount of water is directly proportional to the slump value and concrete compressive strength, b) The amount of cement is inversely proportional to water. If the maximum amount of cement and minimum amount of water results in a minimum slump value and maximum concrete compressive strength and vice versa, c) Fine aggregate is directly proportional to coarse aggregate. So the value of slump and compressive strength of concrete will experience a minimum, medium and maximum if the coarse aggregate is medium and the fine aggregate is medium.Keywords: Fuzzy logic, Sugeno Method, concrete slump, strong concrete reach.


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