scholarly journals The effects of crude C. inophyllum seed oil to silica gel mass ratio and number of stages on the isolation of wax

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367
Author(s):  
Setiyo Gunawan ◽  
Safrina Hapsari ◽  
Hakun Wirawasista Aparamarta ◽  
Kuswandi Kuswandi ◽  
Raden Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Cold Acetone ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Wax Content ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Calophyllum inophyllum is one of the most notable mangrove species that grows a lot in the coastal areas of the Indonesian archipelago. Despite its long lifespan (50 years) and abundant seed oil production, this plant has not been utilized optimally. Wax is reported as a constituent of C. inophyllum seed oil, but the quantity has not been discovered yet. Wax has been commonly used as ingredient in coating, cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The aims of this work were to separate wax from C. inophyllum seed oil in high purity and investigate the effects of crude C. inophyllum to silica gel mass ratio and the stages number on wax isolation. Silica gel was employed to adsorb crude C. inophyllum seed oil. Mass ratios of C. inophyllum seed oil to silica gel used in this work were 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1 (g/g). After that, the seed oil adsorbed onto silica gel was extracted by soxhlet extraction with hexane as the solvent. Wax was separated by putting the hexane extract in cold storage at 4 ºC for 24 h. Furthermore, wax obtained was analyzed by High-Temperature Gas Chromatography (HT-GC) and confirmed by Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC). It was found that wax (purity 93.2 % and yield 0.4 %) was best isolated by employing two-stage of adsorption-extraction, with crude C. inophyllum seed oil to silica gel mass ratio of 1:1 (g/g), followed by crystallization in cold acetone for 24 h. Moreover, wax content in crude C. inophyllum seed oil was 0.43%.

scholarly journals Aloe ferox Seed: A Potential Source of Oil for Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Dangarembizi ◽  
Eliton Chivandi ◽  
Kennedy Erlwanger
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Aloe Ferox ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Aloe ferox is an important medicinal plant in Southern Africa whose seeds could be useful as a source of oil. The fatty acid composition of A. ferox seed oil was determined using gas chromatography. The physicochemical properties of the oil were analysed using standard methods. The seeds yielded 19.4% of a light textured oil using the Blight and Dyer's method and 12.3% using the Soxhlet extraction method. The saponification value of the seed oil was 241.9 mg KOH/g and the peroxide value was 8.9 meq/kg. The acid value of the seed oil was 51.5 mg KOH/g (25.9% free fatty acids). The major fatty acids found in the seed oil were linoleic acid (71.8%), oleic acid (12.0%), palmitic acid (11.2%) and stearic acid (2.9%). The results obtained suggest that as A. ferox seed oil is high in linoleic acid, it could be potentially exploited in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

Calophyllolide Separation from Calophyllum inophyllum Oil by Silica Gel Adsorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Setiyo Gunawan ◽  
Brilian Pamungkas ◽  
Claudia Shantika Primaswari ◽  
Safrina Hapsari ◽  
Hakun Wirawasista Aparamarta
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Stem Leaf

Nyamplung (Calophylluminophyllum), widely spreads in Indonesia archipelago, is known to have many advantages. It has various benefits that can be utilized from its root, stem, leaf, and seed. C inophyllum’s seed contains bioactive compounds called calophyllolide. However, the utilization of C. inphyllum’s seed is limited because it contains harmful toxins. Therefore, C. inophyllum’s seed is generally used and investigated as a raw material of biodiesel. This research aimed to find the best condition to isolate calophyllolide, to know the yield of isolated calophyllolide and to know its purity percentage from crude C. inophyllum oil. Current research on calophyllolide is to extract the substance from C. inophyllum’s shell nut without further treatment on it. In this work, calophyllolide was separated from crude C. inophyllum oil by silica gel adsorption. Each fraction obtained was tested qualitatively using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and quantitatively using Gas Chromatography (GC) to analyze calophyllolide mixture. In this study, the best separation method (12.92% purity, 8.03% yield, and 95.02% recovery of calophyllolide) was obtained by using crude C. inophyllum to silica gel mass ratio of 1:2 (g/g).

scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI MINYAK DARI BIJI KURMA (Phoenix dactylifera L.) DENGAN METODE SOXHLET EXTRACTION DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ETIL ASETAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Taslim ◽  
Muhammad Rizky Agung ◽  
Sigit Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Date Seed ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Date palm seed is one of the waste by-products generated from industrial commodities. Date seed oil can be obtained through solvent extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus. In this experiment, date palm seed was used as raw material with ethyl acetate as the solvent. The experiment was carried out by varying extraction time and the mass ratio of date palm seed to solvent. The highest oil concentration of 9.5% was obtained at date palm seed to solvent mass ratio of 1:6 with extraction time of 2 hours. Peroxide value, iodine value, specific gravity, and free fatty acid content of date seed oil were, consecutively, 0.81 meq/kg oil, 10.15 mg/g, 0.80, and 0.52%. The highest fatty acid composition of date seed oil was oleic acid at 37.22% followed by lauric acid at 19.36%.

Isolation of the antidiarrhoeal tiliroside and its derivative from Waltheria indica leaf extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
B.A. Ayinde ◽  
J.O. Owolabi ◽  
I.S. Uti ◽  
P.C. Ogbeta ◽  
M.I. Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ileum Contraction ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Dose Dependent

The antidiarrhoeal effect of Waltheria indica methanol extract and fractions have been reported earlier but, the present work examined the intestinal relaxant effects of two flavonoid-phenyl propanoids isolated from the methanol extract. The active aqueous fraction was subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography using dichloromethane with increasing concentration of ethyl acetate, and that of methanol and water successively. The ten (10) fractions obtained were combined to give seven (7). The fraction 2 (C, D) was subjected to preparative thin layer chromatography on silica gel GF254 (10-40μm) using CHCl3-CH3OH (8:2) to obtain compound coded F2. Fraction 4 (F) was subjected to column chromatography using silica gel (60-120μm mesh) and eluted with  dichloromethane with increasing concentrations of methanol. Fractions 9-28 were combined and subjected to column  chromatography using chloroform with increasing concentration of methanol. The fractions 1-16 of these were purified on Sephadex LH-20 to obtain compound BAA. The identities of the two compounds were established using spectroscopic methods. The  antidiarrheal effect of compound F2 was evaluated on mice using charcoal transit (100,200, 400mg/kg), castor oil (40, 60 mg/kg)  while the two compounds were examined for their inhibitory effects on Ach-induced ileum contraction. The effects of the  compounds were compared with loperamide (3mg/kg) and atropine (80μg). Compounds F2 and BAA were identified as tiliroside and 3’’’, 5’’’-dimethoxy tiliroside respectively. Tiliroside inhibited the charcoal transition in the animals in a dose dependent pattern with 400mg/ mL eliciting 63.41% inhibition compared to 59.23% produced by loperamide. The compound also elicited significantly (P<0.05) prolonged onset of stooling and reduced the number and weight of stools produced lower than the control. The two  compounds drastically inhibited the Ach-induced contractions of the ileum. The compound, tiliroside at 10mg, completely abolished  the contraction by Ach unlike 3’’’, 5’’’-dimethoxy tiliroside which reduced the contraction to 1.92% at 20mg. The identified compounds seem to be responsible for the ethnomedicinal use of the plant in treating diarrhea.

DEVELOPMENT OF HPTLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ONDANSETRON AND RANITIDINE IN COMBINED DOSAGE FORM

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
P. J. Patel ◽  
◽  
D. A Shah ◽  
F. A. Mehta ◽  
U. K. Chhalotiya
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

A simple, sensitive and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC)method has been developed for the estimation of ondansetron (OND) and ranitidine (RAN) in combination. The method was employed on thin layer chromatography (TLC) and aluminium plates were precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase, while the solvent system was methanol. The Rf values were observed to be 0.5 ± 0.02, and 0.3 ± 0.02 for OND and RAN, respectively. The separated spots were densitometrically analyzed in absorbance mode at 299 nm. This method was linear in the range of 25-300 ng/band for OND and 50-600 ng/band for RAN. The limits of detection for OND and RAN were found to be 3.47 and 1.83 ng/band, respectively. The limits of quantification for OND and RAN were found to be 10.53 and 5.55 ng/band, respectively. The proposed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of OND and RAN in combined dosage form.

scholarly journals The phytochemical screenings and thin layer chromatography analysis of chemical compounds in ethanol extract of labu siam fruit (Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOERYA DEWI MARLIANA ◽  
VENTY SURYANTI ◽  
SUYONO SUYONO
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Sechium Edule ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The phytochemical screenings and analysis of chemical compounds in ethanol extract of labu siam fruit (Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz.) with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) has been carried out. Isolation was done by Soxhlet extraction for 6 hours with petroleum ether and the residue was extracted by maceration during 24 hours with ethanol.The isolated compounds in ethanol extract were identified by phytochemical screenings method and TLC. The result showed the presence of alkaloid, saponin, cardenolin/bufadienol and flavonoid.

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