scholarly journals Methodological aspects of journaling a dynamic adjusting entry model

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlasta Kašparovská ◽  
Jana Gláserová
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Accounting ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Entry Model ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
And Function ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This paper expands the discussion of the importance and function of adjusting entries for loan receivables. Discussion of the cyclical development of adjusting entries, their negative impact on the business cycle and potential solutions has intensified during the financial crisis. These discussions are still ongoing and continue to be relevant to members of the professional public, banking regulators and representatives of international accounting institutions. The objective of this paper is to evaluate a method of journaling dynamic adjusting entries under current accounting law. It also expresses the authors’ opinions on the potential for consistently implementing basic accounting principles in journaling adjusting entries for loan receivables under a dynamic model.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauro F. Campos ◽  
Paul De Grauwe ◽  
Yuemei Ji
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Structural Reform ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Sovereign Debt Crisis ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Structural reform policies move like the business cycle. There are moments when these are implemented with great fervour and others when they are put on the back burner or even dismantled. After the global financial crisis, and in particular the sovereign debt crisis in Europe, many countries were forced by creditor countries or were self-imposed to apply deep reforms to their product markets and especially to their labour markets. Now that Europe is recovering, the pressure to implement structural reforms has abated....

scholarly journals Asymmetric dynamics between uncertainty and unemployment flows in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed ◽  
Mark Granberg ◽  
Victor Troster ◽  
Gazi Salah Uddin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Uncertainty ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Uncertainty Measures ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis paper examines how different uncertainty measures affect the unemployment level, inflow, and outflow in the U.S. across all states of the business cycle. We employ linear and nonlinear causality-in-quantile tests to capture a complete picture of the effect of uncertainty on U.S. unemployment. To verify whether there are any common effects across different uncertainty measures, we use monthly data on four uncertainty measures and on U.S. unemployment from January 1997 to August 2018. Our results corroborate the general predictions from a search and matching framework of how uncertainty affects unemployment and its flows. Fluctuations in uncertainty generate increases (upper-quantile changes) in the unemployment level and in the inflow. Conversely, shocks to uncertainty have a negative impact on U.S. unemployment outflow. Therefore, the effect of uncertainty is asymmetric depending on the states (quantiles) of U.S. unemployment and on the adopted unemployment measure. Our findings suggest state-contingent policies to stabilize the unemployment level when large uncertainty shocks occur.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING REGIONAL ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND RESILIENCE IN THE UK: TRENDS SINCE THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. R18-R28
Author(s):  
Marianne Sensier ◽  
Fiona Devine
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Regional Economic Performance ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk

We investigate economic resilience of UK regions before, during and after the 2007/8 global financial crisis. We date business cycle turning points in real output, employment and productivity to assess the resilience dimensions of resistance, recovery and renewal and rank the economic resilience of regions in a resilience scorecard. Our empirical results reveal that the business cycle in productivity has not returned to its pre-recession peak level for Yorkshire and the Humber and the employment level has not recovered in Scotland. The resilience scorecard ranks the South East as the most resilient region with Northern Ireland the least resilient.

Evaluating financial stress indicators: evidence from Indian data

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruti Mundra ◽  
Motilal Bicchal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Financial Stress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Macroeconomic Effect ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Systemic Stress

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess alternative financial stress indicators for India in terms of tracing crisis events, mapping with the business cycle and the macroeconomic effect of stress indices. Design/methodology/approach The study constructs the composite indicator of systemic stress of Hollo, Kremer and Lo Duca (2012) for India using two different methods for computing time-varying cross-correlation matrix, namely, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and dynamic conditional correlation-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (DCC-GARCH). The derived indices are evaluated with widely used, equal variance and principal component weighting indices in terms of tracing stress events, mapping with the business cycles and the macroeconomic effect. For this purpose, the study identifies various episodes of financial stress and uses the business cycle dates in the sample covering from January 2001 to October 2018. Findings The results suggest that stress indices based on EWMA and DCC-GARCH accurately identify the well-known stress periods and capture the recession dates and show an adverse effect on economic activity. Primarily, the DCC-GARCH-based stress index emerges as a better indicator of stress because it efficiently locates all the major-minor events, traces the build-up of stress and reverts to the normal level during stable times. Practical implications The DCC-GARCH-based stress index is a very useful indicator for policymakers in regularly monitoring India’s financial conditions and providing timely identification of systemic stress to avoid adverse repercussion effects of the financial crisis. Originality/value The 2007–2008 financial crisis and subsequent recurrent instability in the financial markets highlighted the requirement for an appropriate financial stress indicator for a timely assessment of the system-wide financial stress. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that incorporates the systemic nature of financial stress in the construction of stress indices for India and provides a holistic evaluation of the financial stress from an emerging country’s perspective.

scholarly journals Housing Prices, Residential and Nonresidential Investments and Macroeconomic Fluctuations

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Wei Ma ◽  
Weiqun Li ◽  
Keqin Qu ◽  
John Oden
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Macroeconomic Fluctuations ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Residential Investment ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis

During the recent financial crisis, the housing markets have played a notably important role in driving macroeconomic fluctuations. We investigate the correlation between housing dynamics and the business cycle for a variety of countries. Our empirical results exhibit the two daunting facts faced by lots of macroeconomic modelers: (i) house prices are highly volatile and closely correlated with the business cycle, which is at odds with the evidence that rental prices are relatively stable and almost uncorrelated with the business cycle; and (ii) residential investment leads the business cycle while nonresidential investment moves contemporaneously with the business cycle.

Monetary policy, interest rates and stock markets

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Jesper Rangvid
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
The Business Cycle

This chapter examines how monetary policy, in itself and through its dependence on the business cycle, affects prices on financial assets. The chapter shows that changes in the monetary policy rate affect yields on government bonds with longer maturity as well as corporate bonds. This typically dampens economic activity. Changes in monetary policy typically also have a negative impact on the stock market. The chapter discusses whether monetary policy in itself affects the stock market or whether it works via its effect on the business cycle. It turns out that economic activity in itself, and monetary policy in itself, both affect the stock market. It is important to be aware of both channels, i.e. how economic activity affects the stock market and how monetary policy affects the stock market.

Mismatch

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Shimer
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Duration Dependence ◽  
Cycle Frequency ◽  
Separation Rate ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Job Finding

This paper develops a dynamic model of mismatch. Workers and jobs are randomly allocated to labor markets. Each market clears, but some have excess (unemployed) workers and some have excess (vacant) jobs. As workers and jobs switch markets, unemployed workers find vacancies and employed workers become unemployed. The model is quantitatively consistent with the business cycle frequency comovement of unemployment, vacancies, and the job finding rate and explains much of these variables' volatility. It can also address cyclicality in the separation rate into unemployment and duration dependence in the job finding rate. The results are robust to some nonrandom mobility. (JEL E24, J41, J63, J64)

scholarly journals Do barriers to innovation impact changes in innovation activities of firms during business cycle? The effect of the Polish green island

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Jakimowicz ◽  
Daniel Rzeczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Barriers ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Green Island

Research background: There is no doubt that innovation is an important source of economic growth. In the assessment of the innovative activity of Polish industrial processing enterprises, two opposing views can be found. The first indicates the exogenous shock resulting from the global financial crisis and the associated innovation crisis and the subsequent period of innovative pessimism. The second shows the Polish economy as the European Green Island due to strong and uninterrupted economic growth over the past 27 years, controlled inflation, and reduction of unemployment as well as increase of the citizens’ well-being. In these conditions, an interesting research gap appeared, which is worth filling, at the centre of which there are factors determining the innovative activity of enterprises, and in particular the role and importance of innovation barriers in various phases of the business cycle. Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to determine the impact of innovation barriers and degrees of their importance on the innovation activity of Polish industrial processing enterprises during the business cycle. The time frame of the analysis covers three phases of the cycle: the prosperity period of 2004–2006, the global financial crisis of 2008–2010 and the recovery from 2012–2014. Methods: Pearson’s χ2 independence test and correspondence analysis were used for data analysis. The research results are presented in a graphical form of biplots that describe the coexistence of three types of variables: (1) types of enterprises and ownership sectors, (2) effects or objectives of innovative activity, and (3) innovation barriers and reasons for the lack of innovation. The basis of calculations were three databases covering the mentioned periods. Findings & Value added: High resistance of innovative activity of Polish industrial processing enterprises to economic fluctuations has been demonstrated. Innovation barriers and degrees of their importance had little impact on the operations of enterprises in the first of the analysed periods, when prosperity was booming. The impact of the global financial crisis on innovation activities proved to be counterintuitive, as enterprises have continuously achieved their goals and the importance of innovation barriers has diminished even more. In the third period, innovation barriers no longer had any significance for the innovation activities of enterprises. The phenomenon of a gradual decline in the importance of innovation barriers, regardless of the phases of the business cycle, was called the Polish Green Island Effect. The relationship found is a peculiarity which is probably unprecedented in recent world economic history.

What were they thinking? Firms' expectations since the financial crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Ferrando ◽  
Ioannis Ganoulis ◽  
Carsten Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Rational Expectations ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Information ◽  
Policy Transmission ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Forward Looking

PurposeThis paper explores how firms formed their expectations about the availability of bank finance since the financial crisis. Various expectations hypotheses that incorporate backward and/or forward-looking elements and inattention are tested. From a policy perspective, the most important hypothesis is whether policy announcements have a direct impact on the expectations of companies.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on a large sample of euro area companies from the ECB “Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises” between 2009 and 2018. Ordered logit models are used to relate individual replies on expectations to firms' information available at the time of the forecasts. The model controls for the business cycle and firms' structural characteristics. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we test how policy announcements may affect expectations.FindingsFirms update what otherwise look like adaptive expectations on the basis of new information. The hypothesis of rational expectations is rejected. Moreover, we do not find evidence of inattention or of a wave of pessimism/optimism. The analysis of expectations around the time of the ECB Outright Monetary Transactions program provides some evidence of forward-looking expectations.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature on expectations by using a novel survey in eleven countries. In the multi-country setting, country-specific business cycle effects and waves of pessimism or optimism are better controlled for. The policy announcements of summer 2012 provide for a natural experiment to test the direct impact of such announcements on expectations, an issue of relevance for the monetary policy transmission to economic activity.

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