scholarly journals Effect of Gender on Growth and Carcass Traits of Romney Marsh Lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-963
Author(s):  
Jan Kuchtík ◽  
Leona Konečná ◽  
Monika Šeligová ◽  
Tomáš Kopec
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Carcass Conformation

The aim of present study was to assess the effect of the gender on growth and carcass traits in lambs of the Romney Marsh breed. The experimental animals were male lambs (n = 12) and female lambs (n = 12) of the Romney Marsh breed. All lambs were twins and all their mothers were on the second parity. With regard to body weights and daily gains (DGs), the gender had a significant effect only on birth weight and DG from birth to the slaughter, while in all monitored intervals the DGs were higher in male lambs (MLs). The lamb gender did not have a significant effect on the easy of lambing, body condition score, depth of musculus longissimus lumborum et thoracis (DMLLT) and thickness of backfat (TBF). However, values for DMLLT and TBF were higher in female lambs (FLs), which in case of DMLLT was not expected. Regarding the carcass traits, the gender had a significant effect only on the weights of kidney, kidney fat, leg and shoulder and on the proportions of kidney fat and shoulder. Interestingly, the gender had no significant effect on the conformation and fatness, while slightly better carcass conformation and slightly higher fatness were found in FLs. It can be concluded that FLs of the Romney Marsh breed showed comparable values for both the growth and carcass traits with MLs. Moreover, a slightly higher fatness of FLs is a prerequisite for better juiciness and tenderness of their meat, when this fact can be considered as a benefit in the marketing.

Genetic associations between mature size and condition score of Nelore cows, and weight, subjective scores and carcass traits as yearlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane V. de Lacerda ◽  
Gabriel S. Campos ◽  
Daniel D. Silveira ◽  
Vanerlei M. Roso ◽  
Mario L. Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Mature Size

The size and body condition of female livestock is critical for improving production efficiency. However, we know little about how height and body condition score in mature beef cattle are genetically related to traits observed when the animals are younger. In the present study, we used data from 321650 Nelore cattle, first, to compare genetic parameters and breeding values on the basis of different models employing weight (MW), height (MH) and body condition score (BCS) of mature cows (3–17 years old). Next, we estimated the genetic correlations between the three traits and assorted yearling traits (YW, weight; YC; conformation score; YP, precocity score; YM, muscling score; YN, navel score; LMA, longissimus muscle area; BF, back fat thickness). Finally, we obtained the expected direct responses to selection for MW, MH and BCS of cows and correlated responses for these traits when the selection was applied to yearling traits. For MW and MH, single-trait Bayesian analyses were used to evaluate the effects of including BCS when defining contemporary groups (BCS included, CG1; BCS not included, CG2). For BCS trait, linear and threshold animal models were compared. After, bi-trait analyses that included MW, MH or BCS with yearling traits were performed. The CG1 scenario resulted in a higher heritability for MW (0.45 ± 0.02) than did CG2 (0.39 ± 0.02). Both scenarios yielded the same heritability estimates for MH (0.35 ± 0.02). Sires’ rank correlations between predicted breeding values under CG1 and CG2 were 0.60–0.92 for MW and 0.90–0.98 for MH, considering different selection intensities. Thus, only for MW genetic evaluations, the incorporation of BCS in the definition of the contemporary groups is indicated. For BCS trait, the same sires were selected regardless of the model (linear or threshold). Genetic correlations between MW and five yearling traits (YW, YC, YP, YM and YN) ranged from 0.18 ± 0.03 to 0.84 ± 0.01. The MH had a higher and positive genetic association with YW (0.64 ± 0.02) and YC (0.54 ± 0.03), than with YN (0.18 ± 0.03). However, MH was negatively and lowly genetically correlated with YP (–0.08 ± 0.03) and YM (–0.14 ± 0.03). The BCS had positive genetic associations with all yearling traits, particularly with YP (0.61 ± 0.06) and YM (0.60 ± 0.07). Mature size and carcass traits exhibited a low to moderate negative genetic correlations. However, BCS had positive genetic associations with LMA (0.38 ± 0.12) and BF (0.32 ± 0.14). Despite a shorter generation interval, selection at the yearling stage will result in a slower genetic progress per generation than does direct selection for cow MW, MH or BCS. Moreover, using YW and YC as selection criteria will increase cattle size at maturity without altering BCS. Last, LMA or BF-based selection will reduce mature size, while improving BCS, as a correlated response.

scholarly journals Weight estimation and hormone concentrations related to body condition in Icelandic and Warmblood horses: a field study

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Bovbjerg Jensen ◽  
Lucca Louise Rockhold ◽  
Anne-Helene Tauson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Correct Determination

Abstract Background The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of different body weight formulas for estimating body weight of Icelandic and Warmblood horses, as well as to assess the associations between the variables cresty neck score, body condition score, and plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin and cortisol. A total of 81 adult (≥ 4 years of age) horses (43 Icelandic and 38 Warmblood horses) was included in this study. The following morphological measurements were collected by two examiners simultaneously; body weight; height at withers; neck length; 0.5 neck length; neck circumference; umbilical circumference, two different heart girths, as well as two different body length measurements. The horse’s body weights were measured on a weight scale, and cresty neck scores were rated along with body condition scores using both the 0 to 5 and the 1 to 9 systems. Results In general, the concordance correlation coefficient was high for most formulas, but the mean bias and slope bias deviations varied between formulas. Some simple formulas using only heart girth, or heart girth and length can be used to estimate body weight of Icelandic and Warmblood horses as good as more complex formulas using four morphometric measurements. Plasma concentrations of leptin and insulin were higher (P < 0.001) for the Icelandic than the Warmblood horses, probably reflecting higher body fat content as suggested by the differences in body condition score. Conclusions Body weight formulas only give an estimate of body weight and not a completely correct determination. Some simple and more complex formulas can be used for Icelandic horses even though they are not developed for this breed. Complex formulas using four morphometric measurements were accurate, but simple formulas using only heart girth, or heart girth and length can be used to estimate body weight and thereby be applied to weight tapes and used to estimate the body weight of both Icelandic and Warmblood horses.

Effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc supplementation on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Maurya ◽  
Anjali Aggarwal ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
B. K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Karan Fries

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows. Sixteen pregnant Karan Fries cows were selected two months before expected date of calving. The experimental animals were randomly divided in to two groups namely control group (eight cows) and treatment group (eight cows). Treatment group cows were supplemented with α-tocopherol acetate @ 1000 IU/day/cow and zinc @ 60 ppm/day/cow. Blood samples were collected on the days -60, -45, -30, -15, -7, 0, +7, +15, +30, +45 and +60 with respect to expected date of calving. The body weight and body condition score of all the experimental animals was recorded on the day of blood collection. After calving milk yield of the experimental animals was recorded till 60 days in milk. At parturition, body weight and body condition score differ significantly (P<0.001) in treatment group than control group (448.00 vs. 416.33 Kg and 4.42 vs. 4.17, respectively). The overall mean (±SEM) of plasma glucose was found to be significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (62.39±1.23 vs. 57.44±1.59 mg/dl). The overall mean of non-esterified fatty acids was found to be significantly (P<0.001) lower in treatment group as compared to control group (197.10±3.38 vs. 239.21±3.48 μM/L). The overall mean of milk yield was found significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (20.48±1.16 vs. 16.94±1.38 Kg/day i.e. 20.90%). The results of this study indicated that supplementation of antioxidants like α-tocopherol acetate and zinc have beneficial effects on milk production along with improved body condition and metabolic status of the animals.

scholarly journals Karayaka Koyunlarında Gebelikte Kondisyon Puanı ve Transabdominal Ultrasonografi Yönteminin Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1789
Author(s):  
Hilal Tozlu Çelik ◽  
Fatih Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Yeliz Kaşko Arıcı ◽  
Metehan Eser Kahveci ◽  
İbrahim Kiper
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

In this study, it was aimed to determine the number of pregnancies and infants by B-Mod Real Time 3.5 MHz linear transabdominal probe ultrasonography device on the 50th day of pregnancy in 126 head Karayaka sheep. In addition, the relationship between body condition score and fry birth weight was tried to be determined on the 50th day of pregnancy and sheep age. The findings obtained by ultrasonography device were compared with the lambing records. In this study, the accuracy of ultrasound examination was 84% and sensitivity was 93%. The correlation coefficient between the average body condition score of the sheep on the 50th day of pregnancy and birth weight of the offspring was calculated as 0.234 and it was found to be statistically significant. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the sheep age and the body condition score at the 50th day of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Peri-Conceptional undernutrition in twin bearing ewes: Effect on early fetal growth and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vicente-Pérez ◽  
Yolanda Osorio-Marín ◽  
María De los Angeles López-Baca ◽  
Leonel Avendaño-Reyes ◽  
Abelardo Correa-Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Nutritional Restriction ◽  
Mating Time

A total of 48 Katahdin x Pelibuey multiparous ewes were used to evaluate the e ect of nutritional restriction (40 %) before (30 d, RT), after (50 d, TR) or both periods (80 d, RR) compared with a control group on maternal body status, early fetal growth and lamb birth weights. Only twin bearing ewes were selected at d 50 of pregnancy for fetal measurements by ultrasonography and record of birth weight. Compared with control ewes, lower (p < 0.05) weight and body condition score had RT and RR ewes at mating time, likewise, TR and RR ewes at d 50 post-conception. There were mainly di erences between fetuses from control and RT ewes, being higher (p < 0.05) the vesicular, abdominal and fetal area, as well as crown-rump length and birth weight for RT fetuses. In conclusion, preconception undernutrition positively altered the early fetal growth and lamb birth weights in hair ewes pregnant with twins. 

scholarly journals Perbaikan Mutu Genetik Melalui Sistem Grading Ternak dalam Upaya Menunjang Program Pemuliaan Berbasis Digital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Apri Irianto ◽  
Asep Gunawan ◽  
Muladno Muladno
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Grading Systems ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Interview System ◽  
Width Measurements

ABSTRAKPengembangan sapi potong di Indonesia telah berkembang dibeberapa daerah dengan menerapkan teknologi dan inovasi peternakan melalui Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR). Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki mutu genetik sapi PO melalui seleksi berdasarkan sistem grading untuk pembibitan dan perbanyakan sapi, serta melakukan pemantauan perkembangannya dengan program digitalisasi. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendataan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan sistem wawancara langsung ke para peternak menggunakan kuisioner. Parameter penelitian diantaranya karakteristik eksternal, silsilah sapi, dan ukuran tubuh seperti bobot badan dan lingkar dada. Analisis data menggunakan Analisis  Deskriptif dan pendugaan model regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sapi di Desa Sekaran  lokasi Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat sebanyak 971 ekor dengan populasi terbanyak di dusun Ngantru yaitu sebesar 82%. Sistem perkawinan  sapi yang sering diterapkan yaitu kawin suntik (inseminasi buatan) sebesar 94% dan 6% dengan perkawinan alami. Produktivitas sapi PO cukup tinggi dengan ukuran lebar dada berkisar 154–165 cm dan bobot badan berkisar 282–309 kg. Body condition score (BCS) sapi PO berada pada kisaran 2–3 di skala 5. Sistem grading menunjukkan bahwa sapi PO banyak tergolong dalam grade A sebesar 58%. Sapi PO di Desa Sekaran memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dijadikan sumber bibit dan perbanyakan populasi karena telah memiliki sistem grading yang baik .Kata kunci : Desa Sekaran, digitalisasi, sapi PO, seleksi, sistem grading                                                            ABSTRACT             The development of beef cattle in Indonesia has developed in several regions by implementing animal husbandry technology and innovation through the Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR). This study aims to improve the genetic quality of PO cattles through selection based on grading systems for cattle breeding and propagation, as well as monitoring their development with a digitization program. The study was conducted with a direct interview system to farmers using a questionnaire. The research parameters included external characteristics, genealogy of cattle, and body size such as body weight and chest size. Data analysis using descriptive statistic and regression analysis. The results showed that the total of cattle in Sekaran Village was 971 with the largest population in the Ngantru approximately 94%. The cattle mating system were conducted using  artificial insemination and naturally bred were  94% and 6%, respectively.  PO cattle productivity is high with chest width measurements from 154–165 cm and body weights from 282-309 kg. The body condition score of PO cattles is in the range of 2-3 on a scale of 5. The grading system shows that many PO cattles were classified in grade A was 58%.  PO cattles in Sekaran Village have great potential to be used as a source animal genetic resources of PO breeding center.Keywords : grading system, digital, PO cattle, Sekaran village, selection

Effects of supplementation and stocking rate on body condition and production parameters of multiparous beef cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Renquist ◽  
J. W. Oltjen ◽  
R. D. Sainz ◽  
J. M. Connor ◽  
C. C. Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Condition Score

AbstractFall-calving multiparous Angus × Hereford cows 3 to 10 years of age were stratified by age in a three by two factorial treatment arrangement to evaluate the efficacy of modifying stocking rate and supplementation strategy to manage cow body condition and production parameters over a 5-year study. Efficacy was evaluated quarterly in association with calving, breeding, weaning, and mid way between weaning and calving (i.e. in August). Three protein supplementation strategies (none, standard, strategic) were imposed across both a moderate (0·3 cows per ha) and a high (0·4 cows per ha) stocking rate. In the strategically supplemented group, protein supplement was provided to cows with a body condition score <5·5 at the quarterly evaluations. There was an effect of supplementation on pregnancy rate, which in combination with previously established culling practices resulted in different age profiles amongst supplementation strategies in years 2 to 5 (P < 0·01). Two statistical analyses were therefore conducted to dissociate the confounding effects of supplementation strategy and age. One model included the effect of stocking rate, supplementation strategy, production year, and all interactions; the second included the addition of age and its interactive effects. Stocking rate and supplementation strategy affected pregnancy rate in each of the models (P = 0·003 and P = 0·10, respectively). Standard, non-supplemented and strategically supplemented animals had estimated pregnancy rates of 0·83, 0·76, and 0·79, respectively (P = 0·10). The effects of nutrition on both calving interval and birth weight were independent of the model employed. Animals that were not supplemented had extended calving intervals (P = 0·06), but there was no effect of stocking rate (P > 0·10). Birth weight was not affected by supplementation strategy or stocking rate (P > 0·10). The lower 205-day weights of calves on a heavy compared with moderate stocking rate was independent of age (P = 0·02). However, the increased 205-day weight of calves born to strategically supplemented cows compared with those born to unsupplemented cows was only evident when data were not corrected for differences in age among groups (P = 0·03). Likewise, analyses of cow condition parameters using models without and with age resulted in different interpretations. These results suggest that strategic and standard supplementation result in similar animal performance and that the improvement in herd productivity associated with altering stocking rate and supplementation may partially be due to altered herd age dynamics.

Replacement of mustard oil cake by urea in short-term strategic feeding of cull ewes to improve body condition and carcass traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Bhatt ◽  
A. Sahoo ◽  
S. A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Total N ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Strategic Feeding

Strategic short-term feeding of culled Malpura ewes (age >6 years, average liveweight 26.8 ± 0.96 kg) was aimed at improving their body condition and increase marketability of their carcass following slaughter. Randomly, 8 out of 40 ewes were slaughtered to study initial (Day 0) carcass traits and the remaining ewes were equally divided into two groups: mustard cake (Control) and urea. They were stall fed with ad libitum guar straw (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and concentrate mixture at 25 g/kg liveweight after 4 h of morning grazing in the pasture. The Control group was offered concentrate with solvent extracted mustard cake whereas it was replaced on an equivalent nitrogen (N) basis with urea in the concentrate offered to the other group. Daily feed intake and weekly change in ewe liveweight and body condition score were measured during the 91 days of the experiment. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in digestibility of nutrients between the groups. Both groups had similar dry matter and metabolisable energy intake, but the mustard cake group recorded higher (P < 0.05) cumulative weight gain and body condition score. Ruminal fluid samples and blood biochemical measurements were analysed periodically (0, 45 and 91 days), with ruminal fluid samples during the post-feeding hours also analysed. There was periodic variation in rumen pH (P = 0.013), volatile fatty acid (P = 007), total N (P = 0.001) and ammonia-N (P = 0.025) concentration in both groups. Higher post-feeding volatile fatty acid (P = 0.031) and total N (P = 0.003) values were observed in the mustard cake group. Ruminal ciliate protozoal population showed a quadratic response over time after feeding with an initial decline post-grazing, but was not affected by treatment. Similar significant (P < 0.05) improvements in haemoglobin, glucose, total protein, urea and cholesterol levels were evident in both groups at 91 days. Both treatments showed similar improvement in carcass composition, distribution of fat and chemical composition of Longissimus dorsi after 91 days of realimentation compared with initial values. Short-term pre-slaughter feeding of cull ewes improved body condition, carcass traits and composition. Replacement of costly mustard cake with urea in the diet of cull ewes could be a means to improve profitability of this strategic feeding protocol, as well as enhancing their market value.

A comparison of chopped/un-chopped big bale silage, pit silage and hay when offered with concentrates to twin bearing ewes

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 129-129
Author(s):  
T.F. Crosby ◽  
P.J. Quinn ◽  
J.J. Callan ◽  
B. Flynn ◽  
J.V. O'Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Terminal Sire

Big bale silage has become increasingly popular on many livestock farms in Ireland yet there is limited information on its use for sheep. The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of feeding chopped or unchopped big bale silage, pit silage and hay when supplemented with either a barley or a molassed sugar beet pulp based concentrate when fed to ewes in late pregnancy on feed intake, ewe weight and body condition score changes, gestation length, lamb birth weight and colostrum yield.Sixty four mature lowland cross ewes (8/treatment) were oestrus synchronised in October and mated to terminal sire breeds (Suffolk, Texel or Charollais). The ewes were housed, winter shorn and pregnancy scanned in December, following which twin bearing animals were allocated to a 4 x 2 factorial experiment and individually fed either un-chopped or chopped big bale silage which had been wilted for 36-48 hours as is usual for this type of forage, pit silage, which had been wilted for 18-24 hours or hay.

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