Phase‐dependent local brain states determine the impact of image‐guided TMS on motor network EEG synchronization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Momi ◽  
Recep A. Ozdemir ◽  
Ehsan Tadayon ◽  
Pierre Boucher ◽  
Alberto Di Domenico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Guided ◽  
Motor Network ◽  
Brain States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Brain

scholarly journals Radiopharmaceutical and Eu3+ doped gadolinium oxide nanoparticles mediated triple-excited fluorescence imaging and image-guided surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Shi ◽  
Caiguang Cao ◽  
Zeyu Zhang ◽  
Jie Tian ◽  
Zhenhua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Gadolinium Oxide ◽  
Image Guided Surgery ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a novel optical imaging technique that has been applied in clinic using various radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals. However, clinical application of CLI has been limited by weak optical signal and restricted tissue penetration depth. Various fluorescent probes have been combined with radiopharmaceuticals for improved imaging performances. However, as most of these probes only interact with Cerenkov luminescence (CL), the low photon fluence of CL greatly restricted it’s interaction with fluorescent probes for in vivo imaging. Therefore, it is important to develop probes that can effectively convert energy beyond CL such as β and γ to the low energy optical signals. In this study, a Eu3+ doped gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3:Eu) was synthesized and combined with radiopharmaceuticals to achieve a red-shifted optical spectrum with less tissue scattering and enhanced optical signal intensity in this study. The interaction between Gd2O3:Eu and radiopharmaceutical were investigated using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG). The ex vivo optical signal intensity of the mixture of Gd2O3:Eu and 18F-FDG reached 369 times as high as that of CLI using 18F-FDG alone. To achieve improved biocompatibility, the Gd2O3:Eu nanoparticles were then modified with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and the resulted nanoprobe PVA modified Gd2O3:Eu (Gd2O3:Eu@PVA) was applied in intraoperative tumor imaging. Compared with 18F-FDG alone, intraoperative administration of Gd2O3:Eu@PVA and 18F-FDG combination achieved a much higher tumor-to-normal tissue ratio (TNR, 10.24 ± 2.24 vs. 1.87 ± 0.73, P = 0.0030). The use of Gd2O3:Eu@PVA and 18F-FDG also assisted intraoperative detection of tumors that were omitted by preoperative positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Further experiment of image-guided surgery demonstrated feasibility of image-guided tumor resection using Gd2O3:Eu@PVA and 18F-FDG. In summary, Gd2O3:Eu can achieve significantly optimized imaging property when combined with 18F-FDG in intraoperative tumor imaging and image-guided tumor resection surgery. It is expected that the development of the Gd2O3:Eu nanoparticle will promote investigation and application of novel nanoparticles that can interact with radiopharmaceuticals for improved imaging properties. This work highlighted the impact of the nanoprobe that can be excited by radiopharmaceuticals emitting CL, β, and γ radiation for precisely imaging of tumor and intraoperatively guide tumor resection.

scholarly journals Image-Guided Ablation for Colorectal Liver Metastasis: Principles, Current Evidence, and the Path Forward

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3926
Author(s):  
Yuan-Mao Lin ◽  
Iwan Paolucci ◽  
Kristy K. Brock ◽  
Bruno C. Odisio
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Local Tumor Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
The Impact

Image-guided ablation can provide effective local tumor control in selected patients with CLM. A randomized controlled trial suggested that radiofrequency ablation combined with systemic chemotherapy resulted in a survival benefit for patients with unresectable CLM, compared to systemic chemotherapy alone. For small tumors, ablation with adequate margins can be considered as an alternative to resection. The improvement of ablation technologies can allow the treatment of tumors close to major vascular structures or bile ducts, on which the applicability of thermal ablation modalities is challenging. Several factors affect the outcomes of ablation, including but not limited to tumor size, number, location, minimal ablation margin, RAS mutation status, prior hepatectomy, and extrahepatic disease. Further understanding of the impact of tumor biology and advanced imaging guidance on overall patient outcomes might help to tailor its application, and improve outcomes of image-guided ablation.

Accuracy and Upgrade Rates of Percutaneous Breast Biopsy: The Surgeon's Role

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1084-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Windy Olaya ◽  
Won Bae ◽  
Jan Wong ◽  
Jasmine Wong ◽  
Sharmila Roy-Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Core Size ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Limited Sampling ◽  
The Impact

We sought to evaluate the impact of needle core size and number of core samples on diagnostic accuracy and upgrade rates for image-guided core needle biopsies of the breast. A total of 234 patients underwent image-guided percutaneous needle biopsies and subsequent surgical excision. Large-core needles (9 gauge or less) were used in 14.5 per cent of cases and the remainder were performed with smaller core needles. More than four core samples were taken in 78.9 per cent of patients. In 71.8 per cent of cases, needle biopsy pathology matched surgical excision pathology. After surgical excision, upgraded pathology was revealed in 10.7 per cent of cases. Of 11 patients (52.4%) with benign needle core pathology who had upgraded final pathology on surgical excision, 10 had a Breast Imaging Recording and Data System score 4 or 5 imaging study. Lesions smaller than 10 mm were more likely to be misdiagnosed ( P = 0.01) or have upgraded pathology ( P = 0.009). Other predictors of upgraded pathology were patient age 50 years or older ( P = 0.03) and taking four or fewer core samples ( P = 0.003). Needle core size did not impact accuracy or upgrade rates. Surgeons should exercise caution when interpreting needle biopsy results with older patients, smaller lesions, and limited sampling. Discordant pathology and imaging still mandate surgical confirmation.

scholarly journals Dynamics of brain connectivity after stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Desowska ◽  
Duncan L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Connectivity Pattern ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Motor Network ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dynamic Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Recovery from a stroke is a dynamic time-dependent process, in which the central nervous system reorganises to accommodate for the impact of the injury. The purpose of this paper is to review recent longitudinal studies of changes in brain connectivity after stroke. A systematic review of research papers reporting functional or effective connectivity at two or more time points in stroke patients was conducted. Stroke leads to an early reduction of connectivity in the motor network. With recovery time, the connectivity increases and can reach the same levels as in healthy participants. The increase in connectivity is correlated with functional motor gains. A new, more randomised pattern of connectivity may then emerge in the longer term. In some instances, a pattern of increased connectivity even higher than in healthy controls can be observed, and is related either to a specific time point or to a specific neural structure. Rehabilitation interventions can help improve connectivity between specific regions. Moreover, motor network connectivity undergoes reorganisation during recovery from a stroke and can be related to behavioural recovery. A detailed analysis of changes in connectivity pattern may enable a better understanding of adaptation to a stroke and how compensatory mechanisms in the brain may be supported by rehabilitation.

SU-GG-T-535: The Impact of Imaging Frequency on Intrafraction Setup Corrections in Frameless Image Guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (6Part24) ◽  
pp. 3310-3310
Author(s):  
D Westerly ◽  
K Stuhr ◽  
C Altunbas ◽  
Q Diot ◽  
B Kavanagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
The Impact

Image-Guided Lateral Suboccipital Approach: Part 2—Impact on Complication Rates and Operation Times

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ONS24-ONS29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Gharabaghi ◽  
Steffen K. Rosahl ◽  
Günther C. Feigl ◽  
Sam Safavi-Abbasi ◽  
Javad M. Mirzayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Guidance ◽  
Postoperative Morbidity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Venous Sinus ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Venous Air Embolism ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Neurosurgical Planning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: Image-guidance systems are widely available for surgical planning and intraoperative navigation. Recently, three-dimensional volumetric image rendering technology that increasingly applies in navigation systems to assist neurosurgical planning, e.g., for cranial base approaches. However, there is no systematic clinical study available that focuses on the impact of this image-guidance technology on outcome parameters in suboccipital craniotomies. Methods: A total of 200 patients with pathologies located in the cerebellopontine angle were reviewed, 100 of whom underwent volumetric neuronavigation and 100 of whom underwent treatment without intraoperative image guidance. This retrospective study analyzed the impact of image guidance on complication rates (venous sinus injury, venous air embolism, postoperative morbidity caused by venous air embolism) and operation times for the lateral suboccipital craniotomies performed with the patient in the semi-sitting position. Result: This study demonstrated a 4% incidence of injury to the transverse-sigmoid sinus complex in the image-guided group compared with a 15% incidence in the non-image-guided group. Venous air embolisms were detected in 8% of the image-guided patients and in 19% of the non-image-guided patients. These differences in terms of complication rates were significant for both venous sinus injury and venous air embolism (P < 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative morbidity secondary to venous air embolism between both groups. The mean time for craniotomy was 21 minutes in the image-guided group and 39 minutes in non-image-guided group (P = 0.036). Conclusion: Volumetric image guidance provides fast and reliable three-dimensional visualization of sinus anatomy in the posterior fossa, thereby significantly increasing speed and safety in lateral suboccipital approaches.

scholarly journals Safety of image-guided radiotherapy in definitive radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: a population-based analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (1121) ◽  
pp. 20200456
Author(s):  
Yao-Hung Kuo ◽  
Ji-An Liang ◽  
Guan-Heng Chen ◽  
Chia-Chin Li ◽  
Chun-Ru Chien
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Localized Prostate Cancer ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
Definitive Radiotherapy ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) is a recommended advanced radiation technique that is associated with fewer acute and chronic toxicities. However, one Phase III trial showed worse overall survival in the IGRT arm. The purpose of this observational study is to evaluate the impact of IGRT on overall survival. Methods: We used the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database to enroll cT1-4N0M0 prostate cancer patients who received definitive radiotherapy between 2011 and 2015. We used inverse probability treatment weighting (IPW) to construct balanced IGRT and non-IGRT groups. We compared the overall survival of those in the IGRT and non-IGRT groups. Supplementary analyses (SA) were performed with alternative covariates in propensity score (PS) models and PS approaches. The incidence rates of prostate cancer mortality (IPCM), other cancer mortality (IOCM), and cardiovascular mortality (ICVM) were also evaluated. Results: There were 360 patients in the IGRT arm and 476 patients in the non-IGRT arm. The median follow-up time was 50 months. The 5-year overall survival was 88% in the IGRT arm and 86% in the non-IGRT arm (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] of death = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.61–1.45; p = 0.77). The SA also showed no significant differences in the overall survival between those in the IGRT and non-IGRT arms. Both groups did not significantly differ in terms of IPCM, IOCM, and ICVM. Conclusions: The overall survival of localized prostate cancer patients who underwent IGRT was not inferior to those who did not. Advances in knowledge: We demonstrated that the overall survival for prostate cancer patients with IGRT was not worse than those who did not undergo IGRT; this important outcome comparison has not been previously examined in the general population.

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