Assessment of Conceptual Design Problems Comprising Design Rationale and Sketches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumbul Khan ◽  
khushbu Maheshwary ◽  
Ryan Arlitt ◽  
Lucienne Blessing
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Design Problems

Assessment of Conceptual Design Problems Comprising Design Rationale and Sketches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumbul Khan ◽  
Khushbu Maheshwary ◽  
Ryan Arlitt ◽  
Lucienne Blessing
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Design Program ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Reduced Time

Abstract Conventional forms of design assessment are time consuming for instructors. Crowdsourced assessment of students’ design concepts raises the need of efficient rubrics that facilitate novices to score similar to experts, in reduced time. We investigate rubrics in the context of conceptual design problems, that comprise open-ended questions, requiring students to express their design concepts and supporting rationale using text and sketches. We conducted exploratory post-hoc analysis on assessment data collected by instructors of a Design program at a Singaporean secondary school. Our results suggest that integrated rubrics — that consider both text and sketch component together — are better suited for the assessment of conceptual design problems, than task-specific rubrics, that consider textual and sketch components separately. Evidence from both novice assessors as well as experts suggests that the articulation of design rationale using text is crucial for the assessment of conceptual design problems as it provides assessors input into why design decisions were taken, thus aiding in the evaluation process. Our insights are relevant for developing frameworks that employ crowdsourcing for the assessment of conceptual design problems.

Multi-Objective Design Problem of Tire Wear and Visualization of Its Pareto Solutions2

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koishi ◽  
Z. Shida
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problems ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Pareto Solutions ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Design Variables

Abstract Since tires carry out many functions and many of them have tradeoffs, it is important to find the combination of design variables that satisfy well-balanced performance in conceptual design stage. To find a good design of tires is to solve the multi-objective design problems, i.e., inverse problems. However, due to the lack of suitable solution techniques, such problems are converted into a single-objective optimization problem before being solved. Therefore, it is difficult to find the Pareto solutions of multi-objective design problems of tires. Recently, multi-objective evolutionary algorithms have become popular in many fields to find the Pareto solutions. In this paper, we propose a design procedure to solve multi-objective design problems as the comprehensive solver of inverse problems. At first, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is employed to find the Pareto solutions of tire performance, which are in multi-dimensional space of objective functions. Response surface method is also used to evaluate objective functions in the optimization process and can reduce CPU time dramatically. In addition, a self-organizing map (SOM) proposed by Kohonen is used to map Pareto solutions from high-dimensional objective space onto two-dimensional space. Using SOM, design engineers see easily the Pareto solutions of tire performance and can find suitable design plans. The SOM can be considered as an inverse function that defines the relation between Pareto solutions and design variables. To demonstrate the procedure, tire tread design is conducted. The objective of design is to improve uneven wear and wear life for both the front tire and the rear tire of a passenger car. Wear performance is evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). Response surface is obtained by the design of experiments and FEA. Using both MOGA and SOM, we obtain a map of Pareto solutions. We can find suitable design plans that satisfy well-balanced performance on the map called “multi-performance map.” It helps tire design engineers to make their decision in conceptual design stage.

Overall Structure Control for Product Design Using Geometric Skeleton Based on Functional Decomposition

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
LianShui Guo ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
Lian Zhao ◽  
Qingming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Skeleton Model ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Engineering Design Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Design Knowledge Reuse ◽  
Rapid Modeling

Product conceptual design derives from the functional requirement initially, and the overall structure control for product design is one of the most difficult problems being addressed in CAD modeling. The objective of this investigation is to present a framework on rapid modeling using rules and mechanism library for mapping between functions and mechanism structures. In this paper, it is shown that the overall structure can be achieved largely by using multi-level parametric skeleton model. In order to drive the conceptual design into a more detailed design, the intelligent master model is presented to realize the parametric feature modeling and design knowledge reuse. The main contribution of this paper is that an integrated framework has been developed to design assembling tools of satellite by using a necessary auxiliary wizard. The case studies presented demonstrate the potential significance of this work for a wide range of engineering design problems.

AN EXTENDED SUBSTRUCTURING TECHNIQUE FOR EFFICIENT EVALUATION OF NONLINEAR LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURES IN THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN STAGE

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350086 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLADENKO KAJTAZ ◽  
ALEKSANDAR SUBIC ◽  
MONIR TAKLA
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Conceptual Design Stage ◽  
Nonlinear Structural ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis

The research presented in this paper has extended the substructuring technique into the nonlinear domain in order to apply the finite element analysis (FEA) method to complex nonlinear structural design problems in the conceptual design stage. As conventional FE models based on substructures allow only linear analysis, it was necessary in this research to introduce a new algorithm capable of linearizing nonlinear structural problems with sufficient accuracy in order to enable evaluation of engineering design concepts in a more objective and rigorous manner in the early stages of design. The developed method was implemented within a commercial FE solver, and validated using a select number of case studies. The results obtained for the two sample solutions indicate that the new method has achieved an improvement in accuracy of 90% and 98% respectively compared to the conventional FE-based approach applied to the same class of design problems.

Optimal Electromagnetic Pump Design Based on Bond Graph Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
Yu Long Bai ◽  
Yong Jie Ma ◽  
Hai Sha Gao ◽  
Shu Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Pump ◽  
Graphical Tool ◽  
The Common

For modeling and simulation of dynamic systems, bond graph methods could be served as a powerful tool to make a compete model and to test the performance of the model. Bond graph is an explicit graphical tool for capturing the common energy structure of systems. This paper deals with the conceptual design of an electrical-magnetic pump, which should be considered as the different domains design, such as hydraulic, electrical magnetic and thermal domain. After the realization of the basic pump functions, the model will be converted into a 20-sim design environment in which the configuration parameters of the pump can be adopted in order to optimize the choice of the better pump properties, such as efficiency, capacity and the power consumptions. It is seen that the bond graph method with the 20-sim software can solve the pump design problems effectively.

Dynamic System Synthesis With a Bond Graph Approach: Part II—Conceptual Design of an Inertial Velocity Indicator

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Response Performance ◽  
Dissipation Elements

This work develops the conceptual design of an inertial velocity sensor drawing upon the impedance synthesis method in Part I of this paper. Specifications are frequency based impedances and resulting designs are configurations of dynamic energy storing and dissipation elements. The design procedure can be extended to a class of systems design problems where frequency response performance is of primary importance. A key to this work is that the method designs systems from scratch; initial configurations are unknown. As a theme example to demonstrate the utility of the method for conceptual design, constrained and unconstrained inertial velocity sensors are configured based on input-output performance requirements. Such sensors find application in many motion control problems including mechanism and manipulator control, and vibration isolation control. The design methodology generates a number of different sensors that can measure absolute velocity for some or all ranges of frequency.

Quantifying Design Freedom in Decision-Based Conceptual Design

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
Decision Based Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Freedom ◽  
Probabilistic Entropy

Abstract Formal methods for conceptual design must embrace the uncertainty that pervades the earliest parts of the design process. Operating over this uncertainty, decision-based design measures the value of restricting the design space as well as the impact of refining design evaluation or analysis models. Missing from this framework is the cost in terms of design freedom of restricting the design space. We propose a measure of design freedom based on probabilistic entropy and demonstrate its application to two example conceptual design problems.

Facilitating Tacit Knowledge Capture and Reuse in Conceptual Design Activities

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Yen ◽  
Renate Fruchter ◽  
Larry J. Leifer
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Design Reuse ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Requirements Specifications ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Design Activities

Abstract This paper discusses the approach and analysis of an empirical study that supports the hypothesis that concept generation and development occur most frequently in informal media where design capture tools are the weakest. This statement has strong implications for the capture and reuse of design knowledge because conceptual design generates the majority of initial ideas and directions that guide the course of the project. Many important decisions are made along with rationales that support these decisions, but since these rationales are expressed in design activities such as brainstorming sessions and conversations, the design rationale is rarely captured and the knowledge is lost. While traditional product documentation captures explicit knowledge such as requirements, specifications, and design decisions, often the contextual or tacit knowledge of the design group is lost. The paper concludes with a description of a computer-mediated system, called “Recall”, that addresses the results of our findings by providing a means of capturing and indexing informal media to facilitate design reuse.

scholarly journals DESIGN RATIONALE IN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL DESIGN TEAMS’ PRACTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1315-1324
Author(s):  
L. S. Knudsen ◽  
L. M. Haase ◽  
M. G. Goncalves
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Design Rationale ◽  
Critical Part ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

AbstractA design rationale is a representation of the reasoning behind a design concept, explaining why the solution is designed the way it is. This makes design rationale a critical part of concept development. However, there is little exploration on how to build a design rationale. This study sheds light on professional designers’ reasoning in conceptual design, as we examine how design rationales for different concepts are built based on a longitudinal study in the context of two design studios. Particularly the study provides insight into how a design rationale is initiated, matured and finalized.

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