scholarly journals On the Violence of High Explosive Reactions

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig M. Tarver ◽  
Steven K. Chidester
Keyword(s):  
High Explosive ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Energy Delivery ◽  
Current State ◽  
Slow Combustion ◽  
Shear Heating ◽  
Deposition Processes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

High explosive reactions can be caused by three general energy deposition processes: impact ignition by frictional and/or shear heating; bulk thermal heating; and shock compression. The violence of the subsequent reaction varies from benign slow combustion to catastrophic detonation of the entire charge. The degree of violence depends on many variables, including the rate of energy delivery, the physical and chemical properties of the explosive, and the strength of the confinement surrounding the explosive charge. The current state of experimental and computer-modeling research on the violence of impact, thermal, and shock-induced reactions is briefly reviewed in this paper.

Innovative technologies for processing tungsten containing tails of the enrichment factory of Zhambyl

2020 ◽  
pp. 443-452
Author(s):  
A. S. Shevchenko ◽  
Yu. P. Morozov ◽  
M. R. Shautenov ◽  
I. H. Hamidulin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Centrifugal Separation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Electrochemical Chlorination ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Achievements and current state of technology for processing of technogenic materials have been assessed. The goals and objectives of the research have been defined. New laboratory apparatuses for processing mineral raw materials have been developed and manufactured. Laboratory and experimental industrial research of methods of circulation concentration, flotation classification, electrochemical chlorination, turbulization centrifugal separation have been carried out. The methods efficiency was assessed. The results of study of physical and chemical properties and distribution of metals by size classes of tungsten containing tailings are given. Studies of tailings enrichment by gravity, flotation and electrochemical enrichment methods are carried out. It is shown that for preliminary processing it is rational to use the method of circulation concentration. The methods of flotation classification, molybdenum flotation of a collective concentrate, electrochemical leaching of copper from a concentrate from flotation classification, turbulization centrifugal separation of products of tin flotation have been investigated. The innovative technology has been developed for processing complex tungsten containing tailings, based on research on a sample of tungsten containing tailings in the Zhambyl enrichment plant of the Kara-Oba deposit. This technology opens wide opportunities for processing of technogenic products and is offered for industrial implementation.

Toxic Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles on Living Cells

2016 ◽  
pp. 35-68
Author(s):  
Manel Bouloudenine ◽  
Mohamed Bououdina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Measuring toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles on living cells would require a deep understanding of themselves by the mean of their composition, physical and chemical properties and exposure concentrations. Actually, high exposure concentrations are needed to generate quantifiable effects and to perceive accumulation above background. This chapter presents an overview on the assessment about the toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles on living cells. It consists of three main sections starting with a brief introduction, the current state of engineered nanoparticles in the environment, physical and chemical properties of some important engineered nanoparticles such as “Ag, Au, ZnO, TiO2” and the target organ toxicity of the engineered nanoparticles in several biological organisms.

scholarly journals Toxic Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles on Living Cells

2017 ◽  
pp. 1394-1427
Author(s):  
Manel Bouloudenine ◽  
Mohamed Bououdina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Measuring toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles on living cells would require a deep understanding of themselves by the mean of their composition, physical and chemical properties and exposure concentrations. Actually, high exposure concentrations are needed to generate quantifiable effects and to perceive accumulation above background. This chapter presents an overview on the assessment about the toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles on living cells. It consists of three main sections starting with a brief introduction, the current state of engineered nanoparticles in the environment, physical and chemical properties of some important engineered nanoparticles such as “Ag, Au, ZnO, TiO2” and the target organ toxicity of the engineered nanoparticles in several biological organisms.

scholarly journals Preoperative Transarterial Embolization of Malignant Tumors of the Extremities (Current State of the Problem) (Review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Ye.O. Solonitsyn ◽  
V.V. Protsenko
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Transarterial Embolization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Current State ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Summary. The article considers current issues of modern medicine, in particular the use of the method of transarterial embolization of blood vessels in the treatment of malignant tumors of the extremities. The purpose, indications, technical features and materials used for its implementation, as well as contraindications and complications are highlighted. Its efficiency in preparation of the patient for a surgery of musculoskeletal malignant tumor is considered. Analysis of the modern domestic and foreign literature shows that now indications for use of this method expand, and technical possibilities of the equipment and physical and chemical properties of materials improve. The issues of further study and development of the problem are outlined.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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