Fatigue and Fracture Reliability and Maintainability of TLP Tendons

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Kung ◽  
P. H. Wirsching
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Periodic Inspection ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Fatigue And Fracture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship

A tension leg platform (TLP) tendon system experiences oscillatory tensile stresses, and therefore is vulnerable to fatigue and fracture. Because design factors have significant uncertainty, a reliability analysis to quantify structural performance is appropriate. A maintenance program of periodic inspection and repair shows promise for improving system reliability and enhancing structural integrity. The performance of a TLP tendon system was simulated in order to study the relationship of design factors to system reliability. Effects on system reliability and maintenance performance (repair and replacement rates) can be studied as a function of (a) number of joints, J; (b) number of members, M; (c) inspection frequency; (d) inspection sensitivity as defined by the POD (probability of detection) curve; (e) ultimate strength; (f) repair policy; etc. The performance of an initially damaged or flawed tendon system is investigated. The reliability of a system that uses pressurized tendons to detect through-thickness cracks is studied, as is the vulnerability of the tendon system before replacement of broken tendons.

scholarly journals Architecture of the athlete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jared Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Competition Process ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sporting Performance

<p>Designers of sports facilities focus on physical aspects, like walls and tile angles to improve an athlete’s performance. However, from experience, the mental components of an athlete’s performance are overlooked; which is believed to have a greater impact on their overall performance.  Using my experiences to produce a unique body of research, this thesis focusses on using the athlete’s perspective to design. This thesis investigates Sporting Facilities and Natatoriums are the focus. Using the skill of architects to create space and affect emotion, the thesis will investigate how they can be used to create an atmosphere that will allow an athlete to enter the optimal emotional state to achieve a successful sporting performance.  The research will look the emotion and atmosphere of architecture, and the knowledge of sports psychology to understand how atmosphere can be used to challenge current design conventions.  The approach will look at the relationship of facilities with and without local community involvement when they are not being used for competitions. This allows the needs of the community which has an effect upon the design, to be controlled. Which allows for an athlete’s perspective to drive the design.  Using Natatoriums as the focus of the thesis, a series of design investigations will be conducted looking at how these spaces can be developed and arranged to optimise athlete performance. Objectives are to understand the arrangement of program and atmosphere required at each stage of an athlete’s pre-competition process, so a facility can be developed that is biased towards an athlete’s mental state versus other design factors.</p>

Low-Km mannose-6-phosphatase as a criterion for microsomal integrity

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartholomew A Pederson ◽  
James D Foster ◽  
Robert C Nordlie
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Reliable Index ◽  
Single Mechanism ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Low K ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The low-Km activity of mannose-6-phosphatase (Man-6-Pase) has been used for many years to measure the structural integrity of microsomes. Recently histone II-A has been shown to activate glucose-6-phosphatase (Glc-6-Pase) and Man-6-Pase activities. However, in contrast to detergents, this compound appears to activate without disrupting microsomal vesicles (J.-F. St-Denis, B. Annabi, H. Khoury, and G. van de Werve. 1995. Biochem. J. 310: 221-224). This suggests that Man-6-Pase latency can be abolished without disrupting microsomal integrity and that even normally microsomes may manifest some low-Km Man-6-Pase activity without being "leaky." We have studied the relationship of Man-6-Pase with microsomal integrity further by measuring the latency of several enzymes reported to reside within the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum. We have also correlated this latency with the microsomal permeability of substrates for these enzymes. We found that (i) lumenal enzymes have different degrees of latency when compared with each other, (ii) permeability, as determined via osmotically induced changes in light scattering, is not always consistent with enzymatic latency, (iii) increases in the hydrolysis of Glc-6-P and Man-6-P were not parallel when microsomes were treated with low but increasing concentrations of detergent, and (iv) kinetic studies suggest that mannose-6-phosphate is hydrolyzed by untreated microsomes by more than a single mechanism. We propose that Man-6-Pase is not a reliable index of the integrity of microsomes.Key words: glucose-6-phosphatase, mannose-6-phosphatase, microsomes, rat liver, intactness.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ship RCS Detected by Multifrequency HFGWR

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Sun ◽  
Biyang Wen ◽  
Ruokun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ground Wave ◽  
Automatic Information System ◽  
Key Parameter

One of the important applications of high frequency-ground wave radar (HFGWR) is to detect offshore ships. A proper method should be used to obtain the ship radar cross section (RCS), which is a key parameter of the ship. This paper proposes a method based on an automatic information system (AIS). The relationship of the ship RCS versus bearing for different frequencies is analyzed by processing multifrequency HFGWR data. With this new method, bearing information is taken into consideration, which is not the case in traditional empirical formulas. The results provide prior knowledge for ship detection and tracking; therefore, the probability of detection is significantly improved.

Ultrasonic NDE System Modeling and Reliability – An Overview

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Lester W. Schmerr
Keyword(s):  
Nondestructive Evaluation ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Reliability Modeling ◽  
Modeling Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrasonic Nde ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Over the past two and a half decades there has been considerable progress made in the modeling of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) inspections. These models have also been combined with models of the noise and variability present in an inspection to estimate probability of detection (POD) versus flaw size curves. An overview will be given of the past and present accomplishments made in ultrasonic NDE modeling, POD modeling, and the relationship of those advances to reliability modeling that incorporates explicitly the results of inspections. A brief look into the future of this modeling technology will also be given.

scholarly journals Investigation of coking diesel injector spray nozzles in operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Aslan Apazhev ◽  
Yuri Shekikhachev ◽  
Vladimir Batyrov ◽  
Lyudmila Shekikhacheva ◽  
Anzor Bolotokov
Keyword(s):  
Spray Nozzle ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Varying Parameters ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship

One of the significant problems in ensuring the reliable operation of the nozzles is the intensive coking of the injector spray nozzle ports. Based on the assumption that all fuel left by injection under the needle burns, some researchers believe that the reason for coking is insufficiently emptying of this volume. There is also a well-known opinion about the impact of atomization quality at the final phase of injection. The lack of consensus and conflicting recommendations on the issue make the research relevant. A set of investigations has been carried out at OJSC “TsNITA” to study the influence of various factors, including design factors of the fuel system, on the coking of injector spray nozzle ports. This article describes the investigation results carried out on the basis of test materials for 24 variants of fuel systems on the D-240 engine, the analysis of varying parameters for the injection final phase is carried out depending on the combination of design factors and the relationship of coking of the injector spray nozzle ports with the final phase parameters is shown.

scholarly journals Architecture of the athlete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jared Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Competition Process ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sporting Performance

<p>Designers of sports facilities focus on physical aspects, like walls and tile angles to improve an athlete’s performance. However, from experience, the mental components of an athlete’s performance are overlooked; which is believed to have a greater impact on their overall performance.  Using my experiences to produce a unique body of research, this thesis focusses on using the athlete’s perspective to design. This thesis investigates Sporting Facilities and Natatoriums are the focus. Using the skill of architects to create space and affect emotion, the thesis will investigate how they can be used to create an atmosphere that will allow an athlete to enter the optimal emotional state to achieve a successful sporting performance.  The research will look the emotion and atmosphere of architecture, and the knowledge of sports psychology to understand how atmosphere can be used to challenge current design conventions.  The approach will look at the relationship of facilities with and without local community involvement when they are not being used for competitions. This allows the needs of the community which has an effect upon the design, to be controlled. Which allows for an athlete’s perspective to drive the design.  Using Natatoriums as the focus of the thesis, a series of design investigations will be conducted looking at how these spaces can be developed and arranged to optimise athlete performance. Objectives are to understand the arrangement of program and atmosphere required at each stage of an athlete’s pre-competition process, so a facility can be developed that is biased towards an athlete’s mental state versus other design factors.</p>

Improving design factors of air diffuser systems based on field conditions of dam reservoirs: CFD simulation approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Sangmin Shin ◽  
Seungjae Lee ◽  
Sangeun Lee ◽  
Kyungtaek Yum ◽  
Heekyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Dam Reservoirs ◽  
Diverse Field ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to improve the design factors of air diffuser systems that have been analyzed in laboratory experiments, with consideration of the field conditions of dam reservoirs. In this study, the destratification number (DN), destratification radius, and efficiency are considered as design factors. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation experiment is performed in diverse field conditions in order to analyze these factors. The results illustrate the wider range of DN values in field conditions and the relationship of the destratification radius and efficiency to DN. The results can lead to better performance of air diffuser systems and water quality management in dam reservoir sites.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

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