Predicted Efficiency of a Low-Temperature Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Tyagi ◽  
Patrick Phelan ◽  
Ravi Prasher
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Direct Absorption Solar Collector ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

Due to its renewable and nonpolluting nature, solar energy is often used in applications such as electricity generation, thermal heating, and chemical processing. The most cost-effective solar heaters are of the “flat-plate” type, but these suffer from relatively low efficiency and outlet temperatures. The present study theoretically investigates the feasibility of using a nonconcentrating direct absorption solar collector (DAC) and compares its performance with that of a typical flat-plate collector. Here a nanofluid—a mixture of water and aluminum nanoparticles—is used as the absorbing medium. A two-dimensional heat transfer analysis was developed in which direct sunlight was incident on a thin flowing film of nanofluid. The effects of absorption and scattering within the nanofluid were accounted for. In order to evaluate the temperature profile and intensity distribution within the nanofluid, the energy balance equation and heat transport equation were solved numerically. It was observed that the presence of nanoparticles increases the absorption of incident radiation by more than nine times over that of pure water. According to the results obtained from this study, under similar operating conditions, the efficiency of a DAC using nanofluid as the working fluid is found to be up to 10% higher (on an absolute basis) than that of a flat-plate collector. Generally a DAC using nanofluids as the working fluid performs better than a flat-plate collector, however, much better designed flat-plate collectors might be able to match or outperform a nanofluids based DAC under certain conditions.

Predicted Efficiency of a Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Receiver

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Tyagi ◽  
Patrick Phelan ◽  
Ravi Prasher
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Incident Radiation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Flat Plate Collector ◽  
Solar Receiver

Due to its renewable and non-polluting nature solar energy is often used in applications such as electricity generation, thermal heating and chemical processing. The most cost-effective solar heaters are of the “flat-plate” type, but these suffer from relatively low efficiency and outlet temperatures. The present study theoretically investigates the feasibility of using a direct absorption solar receiver (DAR) and compares its performance with that of a typical flat-plate collector. Here a nanofluid—a mixture of water and aluminum nanoparticles—is used as the absorbing medium. A two-dimensional heat transfer analysis was developed in which direct sunlight was incident on a thin flowing film of nanofluid. The effects of absorption and scattering within the nanofluid were accounted for. In order to evaluate the temperature profile and intensity distribution within the nanofluid the energy balance equation and heat transport equation were solved numerically. It was observed that the presence of nanoparticles increases the absorption of incident radiation by more than 9 times over that of pure water. According to the results obtained from this study, under similar operating conditions, the efficiency of a DAR using nanofluid as the working fluid is found to be up to 10% higher (on an absolute basis) than that of a flat-plate collector.

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Marquise Shaped Channel Flat Plate Solar Collector Using Al2O3–Water Nanofluid and Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahil Arora ◽  
Geleta Fekadu ◽  
Sudhakar Subudhi
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Absorber Plate ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Aluminum Plates ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

The present study deals with the experimental performance of a Marquise shaped channel solar flat-plate collector using Al2O3/water nanofluid and base fluid (pure water). The experimental setup comprises a special type of solar flat plate collector, closed working fluid systems, and the measurement devices. The absorber plate is made of two aluminum plates sandwiched together with Marquise-shaped flow channels. The volume fraction of 0.1% of Al2O3/water nanofluid is used for this study. The various parameters used to investigate performance of the collector energy and exergy efficiency are collector inlet and outlet fluid temperatures, mass flow rate of the fluid, solar radiation, and ambient temperature. The flow rate of nanofluid and water varies from 1 to 5 lpm. The maximum energy efficiencies attained are 83.17% and 59.72%, whereas the maximum exergy efficiencies obtained are 18.73% and 12.29% for the 20 nm—Al2O3/water nanofluids and pure water, respectively, at the flow rate of 3 lpm. These higher efficiencies may be due to the use of nanofluids and the sophisticated design of the absorber plate with the Marquise shaped channel.

scholarly journals Investigation of Performance of Solar Flat and Curved Plate Collectors through Numerical Simulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Luqman Ahmed Pirzada ◽  
Xiaoli Wu . ◽  
Qaiser Ali ◽  
Asif Khateeb .
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

Solar energy is radiant light as a form of thermal heat energy which can be obtained and used by means of a variety of solar apparatus. As apparatus the flat and curved plate solar collector is specifically designed for assembling solar energy as a solar water heater system. The designing potency of this collector lone can generate medium level hot water from radiant sunlight source via absorbed plates. Standard type flat and curved plates solar collector plates are mostly used in remote coldest regions of the world where hot water is consumed for commercial and domestic purposes. These types of solar collector Plates can cheaply be manufactured compared to other solar panels like solar Shingles, Polycrystalline Solar Panels, Mono-crystalline Solar Panels, and Thin Film Solar Panels. For future work, this proposed pre-design is recommended for fabrication. A numerical study was carried-out on eight city locations in China by tracing their horizontal and vertical longitudinal, latitudinal lines noting the date, time and sunlight feeding of temperatures in the Celsius scale with the help of simulation and modeling tools like CFD, ANSYS FLUENT software, mesh geometry tools, and by using the Navier-Stokes and Continuity equations by fluid flow discharge rate, mass flow, water temperature and dropping of temperature, radiation working mechanisms, dimensions of water flowing tubes and absorber plates, density, the velocity of water as the working fluid, the viscosity of water in a cold and hot state as a process of Pre-design. Work also focuses on the comparison between flat plate collector and curved plate collector radiant sunlight absorption, As end result it is found the Curved plate collector produces 22% more elevated heat of outgoing water than flat plate collector.

Numerical Study of Nanofluid-Based Solar Collector for Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) Desalination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Garg ◽  
Vikrant Khullar ◽  
Sarit K. Das ◽  
Himanshu Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Direct Absorption Solar Collector ◽  
Desalination Technology

Humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination technology is one such technology (based on thermal desalination technology) which has been found to be ideal for small scale water productions (1–100 m3/day). It requires less maintenance and can be combined with renewable energy sources such as solar or geothermal due to lower temperature operation. In this paper, nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collector (DASC) has been coupled with the one of the versions of HDH desalination system (closed air open water - CAOW) with the help of a counter-flow heat exchanger. These collectors (DASCs) have high thermal efficiency (10% higher) as compared to conventional surface absorption based collectors. Numerical model is prepared for a closed air open water HDH system, working together with a direct absorption solar collector. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the system in terms of gained output ratio (GOR) against the various influencing parameters related to the solar collector such as, height (H) and length (L) of the collector, nanoparticle volume fraction (fv), and incident solar radiation on the collector (q) and the effect of the aforementioned parameters on the collector outlet temperature (Tout) have also been analyzed in detail. Solar weighted absorptivity (Sab) for different nanofluids has also been calculated which helps in choosing the suitable nanoparticle material for preparing the nanofluid. The gained output ratio of the proposed system was found to be around 16% higher, compared to conventional CAOW-HDH desalination systems under certain operating conditions. Finally, the model proposed in this study has been validated with the data available in literature.

The Effect of using different Nano fluids on Heat Transfers through Flat Plate Solar Collector

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Abbas Sahi Shareef ◽  
Zahraa Basim Abdel-Mohsen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
High Heat Transfer ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector ◽  
Heat Transfers

In this paper investigation experimentally the effect of CuO-water and Al2O3/water nanofluids on heat transfer in flat plate solar collector. The volume fraction was used (0.125,0.25 and 0.5) % for flow flow rate of working fluid equal to (1 L/min) and the particles size was 20 nm. The experiments are conducted in Kerbala, Iraq with the latitude of 32.60 N. The result shows that the maximum outlet-inlet temperatures difference obtained at (0.5 vol. %) nanofluid are (16.2 0C) for (Al2O3/water), (15.5 0C) for (CuO/water) nanofluid, and (10.2 0C) for pure water. Also, Al2O3 shows high heat transfer compared to CuO, this lead to improve the performance of the solar fat-plate collector.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Flat Plate and Vacuum Tube Solar Collectors by Applying a MWCNT/Fe3O4 Binary Nanofluid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1715
Author(s):  
Minjung Lee ◽  
Yunchan Shin ◽  
Honghyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Vacuum Tube ◽  
Flat Plate Solar Collector ◽  
Wide Operating

This study experimentally investigated the performance characteristics of water and MWCNT/Fe3O4 binary nanofluid as a working fluid in a flat plate and vacuum tube solar collectors. As a result, the highest efficiency was 80.3% when 0.005 vol.% MWCNT/0.01 vol.% Fe3O4 binary nanofluid was applied to the flat plate solar collector, which was a 17.6% increase in efficiency, compared to that when water was used. In the case of the vacuum tube solar collector, the highest efficiency was 79.8%, which was 24.9% higher than when water was applied. Besides, when the mass flux of MWCNT/Fe3O4 binary nanofluid was changed from 420 to 598 kg/s·m2, the maximum efficiencies of the flat plate and vacuum tube solar collectors were increased by 7.8% and 8.3%, respectively. When the MWCNT/Fe3O4 binary nanofluid was applied to the vacuum tube solar collector, the efficiency improvement was much more significant, and the high performance could be maintained for wide operating conditions, compared with the flat plate solar collector.

First and Second Law Analysis of a Flat Plate Collector Working With Nanofluids

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Nitsas ◽  
I. P. Koronaki ◽  
L. Prentza
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Systems Quality ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

The utilization of solar energy in thermal energy systems was and always be one of the most effective alternative to conventional energy resources. Energy efficiency is widely used as one of the most important parameters in order to evaluate and compare thermal systems including solar collectors. Nevertheless, the first law of thermodynamics is not solely capable of describing the quantitative and qualitative performance of such systems and thus exergy efficiency is used so as to introduce the systems’ quality. In this work, the performance of a flat plate solar collector using water based nanofluids of different nanoparticle types as a working fluid is analyzed theoretically under the climatic conditions in Greece based on the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics. A mathematical model is built and the model equations are solved iteratively in a MATLAB code. The energy and exergy efficiencies as well as the collector losses coefficient for various parameters such as the inlet temperature, the particles concentration and type are determined. Moreover, a dynamic model is built so as to determine the performance of a flat plate collector working with nanofluids and the useful energy that can be stored in a water tank. The exergy destruction and exergy leakage are determined for a typical day in summer during which high temperatures and solar intensity values are common for the Greek climate.

Experimental Study of Water-Based Al2O3Nanofluid Flow in Direct Absorption Solar Collector

2015 ◽  
Vol 357 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Kumar Gupta ◽  
Ghanshyam Das Agrawal ◽  
Jyotirmay Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Direct Absorption ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Direct Absorption Solar Collector
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