Minimizing Casing Wear in Dog Legs

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Casing Wear

Procedures are presented for estimating the amount of casing wear produced in wells by the rotation of tool joints, drill pipe, and drill pipe protectors against casing. The procedures are based upon experimental information and limited field measurements developed over a period of several years [1–5]. The procedures have been used with moderate success in predicting the casing wear rates seen in the field for a limited number of cases. The paper again emphasizes that with the proper use of drill pipe protectors casing wear can be minimized. In addition, the paper presents suggested procedures for selecting drill pipe protectors to assure consistent casing wear performance.

scholarly journals Sliding Wear of Conventional and Suspension Sprayed Nanocomposite WC-Co Coatings: An Invited Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ahmed ◽  
O. Ali ◽  
C. C. Berndt ◽  
A. Fardan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Thermal Spray ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Thermal Spray Coatings ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Spray Coatings

AbstractThe global thermal spray coatings market was valued at USD 10.1 billion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 3.9% from 2020 to 2027. Carbide coatings form an essential segment of this market and provide cost-effective and environmental friendly tribological solutions for applications in aerospace, industrial gas turbine, automotive, printing, oil and gas, steel, and pulp and paper industries. Almost 23% of the world’s total energy consumption originates from tribological contacts. Thermal spray WC-Co coatings provide excellent wear resistance for industrial applications in sliding and rolling contacts. Some of these applications in abrasive, sliding and erosive conditions include sink rolls in zinc pots, conveyor screws, pump housings, impeller shafts, aircraft flap tracks, cam followers and expansion joints. These coatings are considered as a replacement of the hazardous chrome plating for tribological applications. The microstructure of thermal spray coatings is however complex, and the wear mechanisms and wear rates vary significantly when compared to cemented WC-Co carbides or vapour deposition WC coatings. This paper provides an expert review of the tribological considerations that dictate the sliding wear performance of thermal spray WC-Co coatings. Structure–property relationships and failure modes are discussed to grasp the design aspects of WC-Co coatings for tribological applications. Recent developments of suspension sprayed nanocomposite coatings are compared with conventional coatings in terms of performance and failure mechanisms. The dependency of coating microstructure, binder material, carbide size, fracture toughness, post-treatment and hardness on sliding wear performance and test methodology is discussed. Semiempirical mathematical models of wear rate related to the influence of tribological test conditions and coating characteristics are analysed for sliding contacts. Finally, advances for numerical modelling of sliding wear rate are discussed.

scholarly journals Rolling Wear of Silicon Nitride Bearing Materials

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Lucek
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Bearing Materials

Rolling-contact fatigue test methods were used to measure the wear performance of several silicon nitride materials. Sintered, hot pressed and hot isostatically pressed materials exhibited wear rates ranging over three orders of magnitude. Hot isostatically pressed materials had the lowest wear rates. Despite the disparity in wear performance, all materials tested had useful rolling-contact fatigue lives compared to steel. Fatigue life estimates, failure modes, and rolling wear performance for theses ceramics are compared to M-50 steel. This work highlights the rapid contact stress reductions that occur due to conformal wear in rolling-contact fatigue testing. Candidate bearing materials with unacceptably high wear rates may exhibit useful fatigue lives. Rolling contact bearing materials must possess useful wear and fatigue resistance. Proper performance screening of candidate bearing materials must describe the failure mode, wear rate, and the fatigue life. Guidelines for fatigue testing methods are proposed.

En Wear-Resisting Properties of Epoxy/WC-Co/Al Coating on 300M Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 1151 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Feng Ding ◽  
Shu Qin Li ◽  
Ping Ze Zhang ◽  
Dong Bo Wei ◽  
Xiao Hu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Steel Part ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Uncoated Sample ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
300M Steel ◽  
Al Coating

Based on surface protection problems of the steel part of the landing gear, wear-resisting properties of tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) particles reinforced epoxy (WRE) coatings were investigated in this paper. The curing process of WRE coating was analyzed by DSC, TG and IR. The wear performance under different rotational speed WRE coating was studied respectively. The specific wear rates of the WRE coating at 560 rpm and 840 rpm are 6.04 ×10−4mm3N−1m−1and 9.55 ×10−4mm3N−1m−1respectively, about only 60% of that of the uncoated sample. Thus, this could be summarized that WRE coating had a good wear resistance.

An Experimental Evaluation of Drill Pipe Protectors

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
W. B. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Contact Loads ◽  
Casing Wear ◽  
Low Rate

Previous tests [1] have shown drill pipe protectors are of value in reducing casing wear, particularly at high contact loads. However, the brand of protectors tested could not withstand high contact loads without slipping on the drill pipe and tearing apart. As a result, further tests were conducted to find a protector which can withstand high contact loads without slipping or failing and still minimize casing wear. Results from the present tests show that drill pipe protectors can be made to operate at high contact loads without failure, grip the drill pipe without slipping, and maintain a low rate of casing wear. In addition, the test results indicate that drill pipe protector quality control needs to be improved.

Erosive-abrasive wear behavior of carbide-free bainitic and boron steels compared in simulated field conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Vuorinen ◽  
V Heino ◽  
N Ojala ◽  
O Haiko ◽  
A Hedayati
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Bainitic Steels ◽  
Boron Steels

The wear resistance of carbide-free bainitic microstructures have recently shown to be excellent in sliding, sliding-rolling, and erosive-abrasive wear. Boron steels are often an economically favorable alternative for similar applications. In this study, the erosive-abrasive wear performance of the carbide-free bainitic and boron steels with different heat treatments was studied in mining-related conditions. The aim was to compare these steels and to study the microstructural features affecting wear rates. The mining-related condition was simulated with an application oriented wear test method utilizing dry abrasive bed of 8–10 mm granite particles. Different wear mechanisms were found; in boron steels, micro-cutting and micro-ploughing were dominating mechanisms, while in the carbide-free bainitic steels, also impact craters with thin platelets were observed. Moreover, the carbide-free bainitic steels had better wear performance, which can be explained by the different microstructure. The carbide-free bainitic steels had fine ferritic-austenitic microstructure, whereas in boron steels microstructure was martensitic. The level of retained austenite was quite high in the carbide-free bainitic steels and that was one of the factors improving the wear performance of these steels. The hardness gradients with orientation of the deformation zone on the wear surfaces were one of the main affecting factors as well. Smoother work hardened hardness profiles were considered beneficial in these erosive-abrasive wear conditions.

Modeling Abrasive Wear for Polymers Using Intersecting Scratching Technique

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Chong Wai Lup ◽  
Sujeet K. Sinha ◽  
Seh Chun Lim
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Test

This paper aims to model abrasive wear for polymers using intersecting scratching technique. Scratch test and pin-on-disc test were conducted on five different polymers. Wear debris generated by intersecting scratching test was compared and correlated with the specific wear rates of the same polymers in a pin-on-disk test using ground steel surface as the counterface. It is the purpose of this paper to establish that an intersecting scratching test can be used as a means to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize wear performance of polymers.

scholarly journals Optimal Design of Patient-Specific Total Knee Arthroplasty for Improvement in Wear Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Gon Koh ◽  
Kyung-Hwan Jung ◽  
Hyoung-Taek Hong ◽  
Kang-Min Kim ◽  
Kyoung-Tak Kang
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Tibial Insert ◽  
Total Knee

Life expectancy is on the rise and, concurrently, the demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which lasts a lifetime, is increasing. To meet this demand, improved TKA designs have been introduced. Recent advances in radiography and manufacturing techniques have enabled the production of patient-specific TKA. Nevertheless, concerns regarding the wear performance, which limit the lifespan of TKA, remain to be addressed. This study aims at reducing the wear in patient-specific TKA using design optimization and parametric three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) modelling. The femoral component design was implemented in a patient-specific manner, whereas the tibial insert conformity remained to be determined by design variables. The gait cycle loading condition was applied, and the optimized model was validated by the results obtained from the experimental wear tests. The wear predictions were iterated for five million gait cycles using the computational model with force-controlled input. Similar patterns for internal/external rotation and anterior/posterior translation were observed in both initial and optimal models. The wear rates for initial and optimal models were recorded as 23.2 mm3/million cycles and 16.7 mm3/million cycles, respectively. Moreover, the experimental wear rate in the optimal design was 17.8 mm3/million cycles, which validated our optimization procedure. This study suggests that tibial insert conformity is an important factor in influencing the wear performance of patient-specific TKA, and it is capable of providing improved clinical results through enhanced design selections. This finding can boost the future development of patient-specific TKA, and it can be extended to other joint-replacement designs. However, further research is required to explore the potential clinical benefits of the improved wear performance demonstrated in this study.

What factors drive polyethylene wear in total knee arthroplasty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 103-B (11) ◽  
pp. 1695-1701
Author(s):  
John H. Currier ◽  
Barbara H. Currier ◽  
Matthew P. Abdel ◽  
Daniel J. Berry ◽  
Alexander J. Titus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Thickness Change ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Tibial Insert ◽  
Total Knee

Aims Wear of the polyethylene (PE) tibial insert of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) increases the risk of revision surgery with a significant cost burden on the healthcare system. This study quantifies wear performance of tibial inserts in a large and diverse series of retrieved TKAs to evaluate the effect of factors related to the patient, knee design, and bearing material on tibial insert wear performance. Methods An institutional review board-approved retrieval archive was surveyed for modular PE tibial inserts over a range of in vivo duration (mean 58 months (0 to 290)). Five knee designs, totalling 1,585 devices, were studied. Insert wear was estimated from measured thickness change using a previously published method. Linear regression statistical analyses were used to test association of 12 patient and implant design variables with calculated wear rate. Results Five patient-specific variables and seven implant-specific variables were evaluated for significant association with lower insert wear rate. Six were significant when controlling for other factors: greater patient age, female sex, shorter duration in vivo, polished tray, highly cross-linked PE (HXLPE), and constrained knee design. Conclusion This study confirmed that knee wear rate increased with duration in vivo. Older patients and females had significantly lower wear rates. Polished modular tibial tray surfaces, HXLPE, and constrained TKA designs were device design factors associated with significantly reduced wear rate. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(11):1695–1701.

Monte Carlo Simulation of Fretting Wear Performance of Fuel Rods

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo R. Rubiolo
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Fuel Rods ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Cell Clearance ◽  
Vibration Model ◽  
Support Conditions ◽  
Wear Damage

The effect of the diverse parameters affecting the fretting-wear performance of nuclear fuel rods is investigated by performing Monte Carlo simulations with a fuel rod vibration model. The study is focused on the analysis of the effect of the grid parameters, including the cell clearance and the grid/support misalignments, on the support preload forces distribution, the rod dynamic response and the overall wear damage. In the present approach, the fuel rod and grids are modeled as a beam constrained at a finite number of axial positions and a non-linear vibration model is used to predict the rod motion and the wear rates. The results of the analysis suggest that an important fraction of the variability of the assembly wear damage distribution can be explained by the local variations of the rod-support conditions.

Micro-Scale Abrasive Wear of Soft Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 1330-1334
Author(s):  
Ping Chen ◽  
Jing Wan ◽  
Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Coated Surface ◽  
Formation And Evolution

Ball-crating micro-scale abrasion technique has been used to determine the specific wear rates of coating and substrate by only one set of tests done with the coated surface. It can also be used to test wear performance of bulk materials. Some micro-scale abrasive wear problems about soft bulk materials were investigated with multifunctional micro-wear tester by self-development. And it was compared with Ni60B coating and TiN coating having higher hardness. The formation and evolution of ridges of the abrasion scar on soft material surfaces have been studied. The formation mechanism of ridges was discussed and the influencing factors on the ridge formation were analyzed. Recommendations were made for the optimum test conditions for micro-scale abrasive wear investigation of soft materials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document