Hierarchical Multiscale Modeling of Tire–Soil Interaction for Off-Road Mobility Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamashita ◽  
Guanchu Chen ◽  
Yeefeng Ruan ◽  
Paramsothy Jayakumar ◽  
Hiroyuki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Mobility Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Soil Bin

A high-fidelity computational terrain dynamics model plays a crucial role in accurate vehicle mobility performance prediction under various maneuvering scenarios on deformable terrain. Although many computational models have been proposed using either finite element (FE) or discrete element (DE) approaches, phenomenological constitutive assumptions in FE soil models make the modeling of complex granular terrain behavior very difficult and DE soil models are computationally intensive, especially when considering a wide range of terrain. To address the limitations of existing deformable terrain models, this paper presents a hierarchical FE–DE multiscale tire–soil interaction simulation capability that can be integrated in the monolithic multibody dynamics solver for high-fidelity off-road mobility simulation using high-performance computing (HPC) techniques. It is demonstrated that computational cost is substantially lowered by the multiscale soil model as compared to the corresponding pure DE model while maintaining the solution accuracy. The multiscale tire–soil interaction model is validated against the soil bin mobility test data under various wheel load and tire inflation pressure conditions, thereby demonstrating the potential of the proposed method for resolving challenging vehicle-terrain interaction problems.

scholarly journals Flexible composition and execution of high performance, high fidelity multiscale biomedical simulations

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20120087 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Groen ◽  
J. Borgdorff ◽  
C. Bona-Casas ◽  
J. Hetherington ◽  
R. W. Nash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Multiscale Simulation ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Biomedical Domain ◽  
Multiscale Simulations ◽  
Total Execution Time ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
Single Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Stent Restenosis

Multiscale simulations are essential in the biomedical domain to accurately model human physiology. We present a modular approach for designing, constructing and executing multiscale simulations on a wide range of resources, from laptops to petascale supercomputers, including combinations of these. Our work features two multiscale applications, in-stent restenosis and cerebrovascular bloodflow, which combine multiple existing single-scale applications to create a multiscale simulation. These applications can be efficiently coupled, deployed and executed on computers up to the largest (peta) scale, incurring a coupling overhead of 1–10% of the total execution time.

High-Fidelity AeroAcoustic Optimization Tool for Flexible Rotors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Boris Diskin ◽  
Leonard V. Lopes ◽  
Eric J. Nielsen ◽  
Elizabeth Lee-Rausch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Complex Variable ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
General Level ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Multidisciplinary Analysis ◽  
Tightly Coupled

A high-fidelity multidisciplinary analysis and gradient-based optimization tool for rotorcraft aero-acoustics is presented. Tightly coupled discipline models include physics-based computational fluid dynamics, rotorcraft comprehensive analysis, and noise prediction and propagation. A discretely consistent adjoint methodology accounts for sensitivities of unsteady flows and unstructured, dynamically deforming, overset grids. The sensitivities of structural responses to blade aerodynamic loads are computed using a complex-variable approach. Sensitivities of acoustic metrics are computed by chain-rule differentiation. Interfaces are developed for interactions between the discipline models for rotorcraft aeroacoustic analysis and the integrated sensitivity analysis. The multidisciplinary sensitivity analysis is verified through a complex-variable approach. To verify functionality of the multidisciplinary analysis and optimization tool, an optimization problem for a 40% Mach-scaled HART-II rotor-and-fuselage configuration is crafted with the objective of reducing thickness noise subject to aerodynamic and geometric constraints. The optimized configuration achieves a noticeable noise reduction, satisfies all required constraints, and produces thinner blades as expected. Computational cost of the optimization cycle is assessed in a high-performance computing environment and found to be acceptable for design of rotorcraft in general level-flight conditions.

Combined Microstructure and Heat Conduction Modeling of Heterogeneous Interfaces and Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishan Srivastava ◽  
Sridhar Sadasivam ◽  
Kyle C. Smith ◽  
Timothy S. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Heterogeneous Materials ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Material State ◽  
Random Structures

Heterogeneous materials are becoming more common in a wide range of functional devices, particularly those involving energy transport, conversion, and storage. Often, heterogeneous materials are crucial to the performance and economic scalability of such devices. Heterogeneous materials with inherently random structures exhibit a strong sensitivity of energy transport properties to processing and operating conditions. Therefore, improved predictive modeling capabilities are needed that quantify the detailed microstructure of such materials based on various manufacturing processes and correlate them with transport properties. In this work, we integrate high fidelity microstructural and transport models, which can aid in the development of high performance energy materials. Heterogeneous materials are generally comprised of nanometric or larger length scale domains of different materials or different phases of the same material. State-of-the-art structural optimization models demonstrate the predictability of the microstructure for heterogeneous materials manufactured via powder compaction of variously shaped and sized particles. The ability of existing diffusion models to incorporate the essential multiscale features in random microstructures is assessed. Lastly, a comprehensive approach is presented for the combined modeling of a high fidelity microstructure and heat transport therein. Exemplary results are given that reinforce the importance of developing predictive models with rich stochastic output that connect microstructural information with physical transport properties.

scholarly journals Multiscale Modeling in Systems Biology: Methods and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Coulier
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Operator Splitting ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cellular Mechanics

In the last decades, mathematical and computational models have become ubiquitous to the field of systems biology. Specifically, the multiscale nature of biological processes makes the design and simulation of such models challenging. In this thesis we offer a perspective on available methods to study and simulate such models and how they can be combined to handle biological processes evolving at different scales. The contribution of this thesis is threefold. First, we introduce Orchestral, a multiscale modular framework to simulate multicellular models. By decoupling intracellular chemical kinetics, cell-cell signaling, and cellular mechanics by means of operator-splitting, it is able to combine existing software into one massively parallel simulation. Its modular structure makes it easy to replace its components, e.g. to adjust the level of modeling details. We demonstrate the scalability of our framework on both high performance clusters and in a cloud environment. We then explore how center-based models can be used to study cellular mechanics in biological tissues. We show how modeling and numerical choices can affect the results of the simulation and mislead modelers into incorrect biological conclusions if these errors are not monitored properly. We then propose CBMOS, a Python framework specifically designed for the numerical study of such models. Finally, we study how spatial details in intracellular chemical kinetics can be efficiently approximated in a multiscale compartment-based model. We evaluate how this model compares to two other alternatives in terms of accuracy and computational cost. We then propose a computational pipeline to study and compare such models in the context of Bayesian parameter inference and illustrate its usage in three case studies.

Overview of Enhanced Continuum Theories for Thermal and Mechanical Responses of the Microsystems in the Fast-Transient Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Z. Voyiadjis ◽  
Danial Faghihi
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Microscale Heat Transfer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Continuum Theories

The recently growing demand for production and applications of microscale devices and systems has motivated research on the behavior of small volume materials. The computational models have become one of great interests in order to advance the manufacturing of microdevices and to reduce the time to insert new product in applications. Among the various numerical and computational techniques, still the approaches in the context of continuum theories are more preferable due to their minimum computational cost to simulation on realistic time and material structures. This paper reviews the methods to address the thermal and mechanical responses of microsystems. The focus is on the recent developments on the enhanced continuum theories to address the phenomena such as size and boundary effects as well as microscale heat transfer. The thermodynamic consistency of the theories is discussed and microstructural mechanisms are taken into account as physical justification of the framework. The presented constitutive model is calibrated using an extensive set of microscale experimental measurements of thin metal films over a wide range of size and temperature of the samples. An energy based approach is presented to extract the first estimate of the interface model parameters from results of nanoindentation test.

Efficient Rotordynamic Analysis Using the Superelement Approach for an Aircraft Engine

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devesh Kumar ◽  
Konrad Juethner ◽  
Yves Fournier
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Model Description ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Large Engine ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Reduction Techniques

The exploration of new aero-engine configurations drives unseen and complex dynamic behavior which can only be captured accurately with enhanced modeling techniques. In an earlier publication, it was established that it is possible to analyze large engine models using high-fidelity two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric harmonic and three-dimensional (3D) shell and solid elements. This finding stands in contrast to the relatively crude one-dimensional (1D) model simplifications that were introduced several decades ago. While motivated by limited computing power and easily obtained gyroscopic terms, these models are still common in the industry today. In spite of staggering advances in computation, however, said enhanced finite element rotor models are still considered to be quite large. When transitioning from the traditional 1D to the fully 3D rotor model, for example, one encounters an increase in model size of three orders of magnitude. This motivates the use of model reduction techniques such as the External Superelement (SE) which is obtained by component mode synthesis (CMS). The External SE represents a structural component by its physical attachment points, strategically selected interior grid points, and a linear combination of its dynamic modes. Its advantages are reduced computational cost, the ability to solve very large problems, the protection of intellectual property, and the enablement of a modular model description that promotes parallel processing as well as the utilization of high performance computing (HPC). In this paper, the analysis of a realistic aircraft engine is presented in which its rotating structures are modeled with high-fidelity 3D solid/shell elements. The dynamics of the engine assembly are solved using modal analysis and External SE technology with the goals to reduce wall time and improve efficiency. A detailed comparison of wall time is presented to quantify the associated performance gain.

scholarly journals MaPPeRTrac: A Massively Parallel, Portable, and Reproducible Tractography Pipeline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Moon ◽  
Peer-Timo Bremer ◽  
Pratik Mukherjee ◽  
Amy J Markowitz ◽  
Eva M Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Brain Connectome ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fair Principles ◽  
Brain Imaging Data

Large scale diffusion MRI tractography remains a significant challenge. Users must orchestrate a complex sequence of instructions that require many software packages with complex dependencies and high computational cost. We developed MaPPeRTrac, a diffusion MRI tractography pipeline that simplifies and vastly accelerates this process on a wide range of high performance computing environments. It fully automates the entire tractography workflow, from management of raw MRI machine data to edge-density visualization of the connectome. Data and dependencies, handled by the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) and Containerization using Docker and Singularity, are de-coupled from code to enable rapid prototyping and modification. Data artifacts are designed to be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable in accordance with FAIR principles. The pipeline takes full advantage of HPC resources using the Parsl parallel programming framework, resulting in creation of connectome datasets of unprecedented size. MaPPeRTrac is publicly available and tested on commercial and scientific hardware, so that it may accelerate brain connectome research for a broader user community.

scholarly journals SERPENT/SUBCHANFLOW COUPLED CALCULATIONS FOR A VVER CORE AT HOT FULL POWER

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Diego Ferraro ◽  
Manuel García ◽  
Uwe Imke ◽  
Ville Valtavirta ◽  
Riku Tuominen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Neutron Transport ◽  
Coupling Scheme ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Reactor Physics ◽  
Coupled Calculation ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Full Core

An increasing interest on the development of highly accurate methodologies in reactor physics is nowadays observed, mainly stimulated by the availability of vast computational resources. As a result, an on-going development of a wide range of coupled calculation tools is observed within diverse projects worldwide. Under this framework, the McSAFE European Union project is a coordinated effort aimed to develop multiphysics tools based on Monte Carlo neutron transport and subchannel thermal-hydraulics codes. These tools are aimed to be suitable for high-fidelity calculations both for PWR and VVER reactors, with the final goal of performing pin-by-pin coupled calculations at full core scope including burnup. Several intermediate steps are to be analyzed in-depth before jumping into this final goal in order to provide insights and to identify resources requirements. As part of this process, this work presents the results for a pin-by-pin coupling calculation using the Serpent 2 code (developed by VTT, Finland) and the subchannel code SUBCHANFLOW (SCF, developed by KIT, Germany) for a full-core VVER model. For such purpose, a recently refurbished master-slave coupling scheme is used within a High Performance Computing architecture. A full-core benchmark for a VVER-1000 that provides experimental data is considered, where the first burnup step (i.e. fresh core at hot-full rated power state) is calculated. For such purpose a detailed (i.e. pin-by-pin) coupled Serpent-SCF model is developed, including a simplified equilibrium xenon distribution (i.e. by fuel assembly). Comparisons with main global reported results are presented and briefly discussed, together with a raw estimation of resources requirements and a brief demonstration of the inherent capabilities of the proposed approach. The results presented here provide valuable insights and pave the way to tackle the final goals of the on-going high-fidelity project.

Further Development and Benchmarking of a Novel Pipe-Soil Interaction Model for Subsea Pipeline Design

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Griffiths ◽  
Wenwen Shen
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Subsea Pipeline ◽  
Realistic Representation ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Computationally Intensive ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
Further Development

For well over a decade it has been widely recognised that our existing models and tools for subsea pipeline stability design fail to account for the fact that seabed soils tend to become mobile well before the onset of pipeline instability. Despite ample evidence obtained from both laboratory and field observations that sediment mobility has a key role to play in understanding pipeline/soil interaction, no models have been presented previously which account for the tripartite interaction between the fluid and the pipe, the fluid and the soil, and the pipe and the soil. This paper presents further development of a novel non-cohesive pipe-soil interaction algorithm which has been developed to enable modelling of pipe-soil-fluid interaction and offer a more realistic representation of the evolution of soil profiles around the pipeline compared to existing hysteresis friction spring approaches. The paper describes the methods applied to discretisation of the soil profile and interpolation between timesteps to conserve soil volume. The approach used to deform the seabed profile to account for pipe movement and predict pipeline / soil reaction forces enable the model to be benchmarked against the Verley model [12]. The model has been specifically developed to minimise computational cost compared to computationally intensive CEL continuum soil FEA approaches [6,14], but still enable the profile of the soil around the pipe to be established. This model has application to modelling of sediment transport and scour [4]. It may also offer advantages in the modelling of globally buckling pipelines where differing levels of embedment and support at buckle shoulders versus the apex of the buckle are not well handled by existing approaches. The model may also assist where existing, generally applied approaches are also not well developed to capture coupling of behaviour in axial and lateral resistances.

scholarly journals Cells in Silico – introducing a high-performance framework for large-scale tissue modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Berghoff ◽  
Jakob Rosenbauer ◽  
Felix Hoffmann ◽  
Alexander Schug
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Potts Model ◽  
Performance Framework ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Discoveries in cellular dynamics and tissue development constantly reshape our understanding of fundamental biological processes such as embryogenesis, wound-healing, and tumorigenesis. High-quality microscopy data and ever-improving understanding of single-cell effects rapidly accelerate new discoveries. Still, many computational models either describe few cells highly detailed or larger cell ensembles and tissues more coarsely. Here, we connect these two scales in a joint theoretical model. Results We developed a highly parallel version of the cellular Potts model that can be flexibly applied and provides an agent-based model driving cellular events. The model can be modular extended to a multi-model simulation on both scales. Based on the NAStJA framework, a scaling implementation running efficiently on high-performance computing systems was realized. We demonstrate independence of bias in our approach as well as excellent scaling behavior. Conclusions Our model scales approximately linear beyond 10,000 cores and thus enables the simulation of large-scale three-dimensional tissues only confined by available computational resources. The strict modular design allows arbitrary models to be configured flexibly and enables applications in a wide range of research questions. Cells in Silico (CiS) can be easily molded to different model assumptions and help push computational scientists to expand their simulations to a new area in tissue simulations. As an example we highlight a 10003 voxel-sized cancerous tissue simulation at sub-cellular resolution.

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