Radiographic Nondestructive Testing Simulations Using gate Software Toolkit

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eslam Taha ◽  
M. S. Mohammed ◽  
Essam Banoqitah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Software Toolkit ◽  
Radiographic Testing ◽  
Industrial Radiography

Abstract A workspace is created within the geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (gate) software toolkit for radiographic nondestructive testing (NDT) simulations. The workspace contains models for X-ray and gamma ray emissions, test sample geometries, radiation interaction with the test sample, and image receptors to afford a radiographic NDT setup. The setup is then evaluated by simulating radiographic testing (RT) of stainless-steel step-wedges and a carbon steel flawed welded plate. The results are validated by comparing a simulated step-wedge image to an experimental radiograph. The workspace can be advantageous to the industrial radiography specialists who are unfamiliar with medical imaging software. Running the simulation does not require working knowledge of gate; the open-source software toolkit.

scholarly journals Comparison of Hydration Properties of Cement-Carbon Steel Slag and Cement-Stainless Steel Slag Blended Binder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Saly Fathy ◽  
Guo Liping ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
Gu Chunping ◽  
Sun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Hydration Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel Slag ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Weight Test

This article investigates the effect of carbon steel slag (CS) and stainless steel slag (SS) on the hydration of cement (OPC). Two slags were used to replace cement at a replacement ratio of 15% (CS15 and SS15) and 30% (CS30 and SS30), respectively, by binder weight. Test results demonstrated that the hydration rate of OPC-CS binder is similar to that of OPC-SS binder at 3 days but higher than the latter at later ages. The negative effect of steel slag (CS) on the strength of cement mortar can be neglected when its replacement ratio does not exceed 15%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TG) show that the incorporation of SS tends to decrease calcium hydroxide (CH) content more than the incorporation of CS in the cement matrix. BSE (backscattered electron)/EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses estimate the average Si/Ca ratio of CS30 and SS30 at 90 days to be 0.41(Ca/Si = 2.44) and 0.45(Ca/Si = 2.22), respectively, compared to 0.43 (Ca/Si = 2.33) for pure cement.

MECHANISM OF INHIBITION OF GALVANIC CORROSION BETWEEN CARBON STEEL AND STAINLESS STEEL BY SODIUM N-LAUROYL SARCOSINATE AND ZINC SULFATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 1950146
Author(s):  
SHUAI HU ◽  
WENFENG JIA ◽  
ZHENYU CHEN ◽  
XINGPENG GUO
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanism Of Inhibition ◽  
Lauroyl Sarcosinate

Inhibition effect of sodium [Formula: see text]-lauroyl sarcosinate and zinc sulfate on the galvanic corrosion between carbon steel and stainless steel in 1% NaCl solution was investigated. The results of electrochemical measurements revealed that anodic and cathodic inhibitors inhibited galvanic corrosion by reducing the potential difference between the electrodes in two different ways. The values of corrosion potential and corrosion resistance of carbon steel increased after adding sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate. In contrast, corrosion potential of stainless steel was shifted to the more negative region after adding zinc sulfate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were applied to investigate the chemical compositions and morphologies of the films.

Pyrolytic carbon filaments and associated catalytic particles formed in steel tubes

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 662-663
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
J. R. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Catalyst Particle ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Filamentous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Filaments

Considerable effort has been directed toward an improved understanding of the production of the strong and stiff ∼ 1-20 μm diameter pyrolytic carbon fibers of the type reported by Koyama and, more recently, by Tibbetts. These macroscopic fibers are produced when pyrolytic carbon filaments (∼ 0.1 μm or less in diameter) are thickened by deposition of carbon during thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases. Each such precursor filament normally lengthens in association with an attached catalyst particle. The subject of filamentous carbon formation and much of the work on characterization of the catalyst particles have been reviewed thoroughly by Baker and Harris. However, identification of the catalyst particles remains a problem of continuing interest. The purpose of this work was to characterize the microstructure of the pyrolytic carbon filaments and the catalyst particles formed inside stainless steel and plain carbon steel tubes. For the present study, natural gas (∼; 97 % methane) was passed through type 304 stainless steel and SAE 1020 plain carbon steel tubes at 1240°K.

FLASH X-RAY DEVICES FOR PUMPING NUCLEAR MATERIALS DEVELOPED IN THE GAMMA-RAY LASER PROGRAM AT TEXAS

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-367-C9-370
Author(s):  
C. B. COLLINS ◽  
F. DAVANLOO ◽  
T. S. BOWEN ◽  
J. J. COOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
X Ray

New horizons for the structural characterization of stainless steel slags by X-ray powder diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (suppl_26) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Peplinski ◽  
B. Adamczyk ◽  
G. Kley ◽  
K. Adam ◽  
F. Emmerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Horizons

Digital pulse processor for spectrometry of charged particles, neutrons, x-ray, and gamma-ray

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
A.I. Arkhangelsky ◽  
◽  
Yu.D. Kotov ◽  
P.Yu. Chistiakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Digital Pulse

Estimation of Some Mechanical Properties for Similar & Dissimilar Welded Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Abdullah Daie'e Assi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Dissimilar Metals ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Type

This research deals with the choice of the suitable filler metal to weld the similar and dissimilar metals (Low carbon steel type A516 & Austenitic stainless steel type 316L) under constant conditions such as, plate thickness (6 mm), voltage (78 v), current (120 A), straight polarity. This research deals with three major parts. The first parts Four types of electrodes were used for welding of dissimilar metals (C.St A516 And St.St 316L) two from mild steel (E7018, E6013) and other two from austenitic stainless steel (E309L, E308L) various inspection were carried out include (Visual T., X-ray T., δ- Ferrite phase T., and Microstructures T.) and mechanical testing include (tensile T., bending T. and micro hardness T.) The second parts done by used the same parameters to welding similar metals from (C.St A516) Or (St.St 316L). The third parts deals with welding of dissimilar weldments (C.St And St.St) by two processes, gas tungsten are welding (GTAW) and shielded metal are welding (SMAW).        The results indicated that the spread of carbon from low carbon steel to the welding zone in the case of welding stainless steel elect pole (E309L) led to Configuration Carbides and then high hardness the link to high values ​​compared with the base metal. In most similar weldments showed hardness of the welding area is  higher than the hardness of the base metal. The electrode (E309L) is the most suitable to welding dissimilar metals from (C.St A516 With St.St 316L). The results also showed that the method of welding (GTAW) were better than the method of welding (SMAW) in dissimilar welded joints (St.St 316L with C.St A516) in terms of irregular shape and integrity of the welding defects, as well as characterized this weldments the high-lift and resistance ductility good when using the welding conditions are similar.

ATI 409HP

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
End Use ◽  
Oxidation And Corrosion

Abstract ATI 409HP (UNS S40900) ferritic stainless steel was introduced by ATI Allegheny Ludlum to provide improved oxidation and corrosion resistance for automotive exhaust systems in comparison to carbon steel. The alloy was designated "MF-1", indicating its end use: automotive mufflers. The good fabricability of this alloy, combined with its basic corrosion resistance and economy have significantly broadened the utility of ATI 409HP stainless steel. ATI 409HP consists of four grades: UNS S40900, S40910, S40920, and S40930. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1135. Producer or source: Allegheny Technologies Inc..

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