A Study on Defect Tomographic Imaging in Pressure Vessel With Liquid Medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangyi Hu ◽  
Chaofeng Chen ◽  
Shaoping Zhou ◽  
Shuangmiao Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Financial Consequences ◽  
Tomography Method

Abstract Pressure vessels are widely utilized in many areas of industrial production and daily life for medium storage, which causes performance degradation in pressure vessels, such as crack and corrosion, and lead to serious safety and financial consequences. Reconstruction Algorithm for the Probabilistic Inspection of Damage (RAPID) is a kind of guided wave-based tomography method which is suitable to evaluate structure integrity of pressure vessels. In this article, the effect of liquid level on guided wave propagation and imaging results of RAPID algorithm is investigated, and an optimal baseline matching method based on amplitude variance is proposed to improve the imaging accuracy of RAPID algorithm with liquid-contained condition. The attenuation effect of liquid on guided wave amplitude is investigated. The damage signals are matched with baseline signals recorded at different liquid levels, and the effect of liquid on RAPID algorithm is discussed based on the results. The experiment of image reconstruction for pressure vessel using the optimal baseline matching method based RAPID algorithm is conducted as well. The experimental results show that the optimal baseline matching method can effectively select the best baseline signal, and the reconstructed images can accurately locate the defects on pressure vessels with considering the change of liquid level.

Defect Localization for Pressure Vessel Based on Circumferential Guided Waves: An Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangmiao Zhai ◽  
Chaofeng Chen ◽  
Gangyi Hu ◽  
Shaoping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Propagation Characteristics ◽  
Dense Array ◽  
Imaging Algorithm ◽  
Sparse Array ◽  
Damage Imaging

Pressure vessels are normally employed under extreme environments with high temperature and high pressure. Inevitably, the defects like crack and corrosion that easily occur in the equipment and can significantly influence the normal operation. Guided wave-based method is a cost-effective means to measure the utility of pressure vessel. In this paper, finite element (FE) simulation is used to explore the propagation characteristics of circumferential guided waves in pressure vessel. Based on the propagation characteristics, the experiments with different configurations of piezoelectric transducers (PETs), which contain a sparse array and a dense array, have been conducted on pressure vessel respectively. Different imaging methods, including discrete ellipse imaging algorithm and probability damage imaging algorithm have been applied to locate the defect based on the configurations above. Furthermore, a multi-channel ultrasonic guided wave detection system has been set up for pressure vessel inspection. The experimental results show that the sparse array with the discrete ellipse imaging algorithm can locate the defect effectively. The imaging results based on probability damage imaging algorithm show that the dense array presents the better localization result.

Damage Localization in Pressure Vessel by Guided Waves Based on Convolution Neural Network Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaojie Hu ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Jianjun Yan ◽  
Yanxun Xiang ◽  
Shaoping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Damage Localization ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Neural Network Approach ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Fully Connected

Abstract This paper investigates the damage localization in a pressure vessel using guided wave-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technology. An online SHM system was developed to automatically select the guided wave propagating path and collect the generated signals during the monitoring process. Deep learning approach was employed to train the convolutional neural network (CNN) model by the guided wave datasets. Two piezo-electric ceramic transducers (PZT) arrays were designed to verify the anti-interference ability and robustness of the CNN model. Results indicate that the CNN model with seven convolution layers, three pooling layers, one fully connected layer, and one Softmax layer could locate the damage with 100% accuracy rate without overfitting. This method has good anti-interference ability in vibration or PZTs failure condition, and the anti-interference ability increases with increasing of PZT numbers. The trained CNN model can locate damage with high accuracy, and it has great potential to be applied in damage localization of pressure vessels.

Propagation of Guided Waves in Pressure Vessel and its Application for Damage Detection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewei Sun ◽  
Fucai Li ◽  
Jinfu Wang ◽  
Guang Meng ◽  
Limin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Monitoring Technique

Pressure vessel is a kind of special equipment with explosion and leakage dangerous. Therefore, structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques for pressure vessel should ensure the safe operation of this kind of equipments and is becoming more crucial in petroleum, chemical, and relative industries. Guided wave-based structural health monitoring technique can be an appropriate method for real-time and online non-destructive damage monitoring technique. In recent years, applications of guided wave-based structural health monitoring techniques are mainly limited in simple structures, such as plates and tubes. Relatively few research papers focused on the application of this technique in large and complex structures like pressure vessels. Propagation characteristics of guided waves in pressure vessel are investigated in this study. Dispersion curves calculated by using numerical methods for longitudinal, circumferential, and torsional modes are presented. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the guided waves dispersion and experimental waveforms, the parameters of the excitation wave are therefore optimized. In order to overcome the difficulties to identify the damage characteristics of signal, the layout scheme of sensor network is designed and optimized in this paper to simplify the waveform. Furthermore, both finite element analysis (FEA) and experiment methods are employed to investigate the propagation of elastic guided waves in a standard pressure vessel.

Stress Field Around a Large Opening in a Pressure Vessel During a Major Repair

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Garrido ◽  
Euro Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Large Opening ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Case Basis

It is a regular practice in the oil industry to modify mechanical equipment to incorporate new technologies and to optimize production. In the case of pressure vessels, it is occasionally required to cut large openings in their walls in order to have access to the interior part of the equipment for executing modifications. This cutting process produces temporary loads, which were obviously not considered in the original mechanical design. Up to now, there is not a general purpose specification for approaching the assessments of stress levels once a large opening in a vertical pressure vessel has been made. Therefore stress distributions around large openings are analyzed on a case-by-case basis without a reference scheme. This work studies the distribution of the von Mises equivalent stresses around a large opening in FCC Regenerators during internal cyclone replacement, which is a frequently required practice for this kind of equipment. A finite element parametric model was developed in ANSYS, and both numerical results and illustrating figures are presented.

Effect of Carbide Content on Temper Embrittlement of 2.25Cr1Mo Steel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yian Wang ◽  
Guoshan Xie ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Qian ◽  
Yufeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Carbide Content

Temper embrittlement is a common damage mechanism of pressure vessels in the chemical and petrochemical industry serviced in high temperature, which results in the reduction of roughness due to metallurgical change in some low alloy steels. Pressure vessels that are temper embrittled may be susceptible to brittle fracture under certain operating conditions which cause high stress by thermal gradients, e.g., during start-up and shutdown. 2.25Cr1-Mo steel is widely used to make hydrogenation reactor due to its superior combination of high mechanical strength, good weldability, excellent high temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) and oxidation-resistance. However, 2.25Cr-1Mo steel is particularly susceptible to temper embrittlement. In this paper, the effect of carbide on temper embrittlement of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel was investigated. Mechanical properties and the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel were measured by tensile test and impact test. The tests were performed at two positions (base metal and weld metal) and three states (original, step cooling treated and in-service for a hundred thousand hours). The content and distribution of carbides were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The content of Cr and Mo elements in carbide was measured by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The results showed that the embrittlement could increase the strength and reduce the plasticity. Higher carbide contents appear to be responsible for the higher DBTT. The in-service 2.25Cr-1Mo steel showed the highest DBTT and carbide content, followed by step cooling treated 2.25Cr-1Mo steel, while the as-received 2.25Cr-1Mo steel has the minimum DBTT and carbide content. At the same time, the Cr and Mo contents in carbide increased with the increasing of DBTT. It is well known that the specimen analyzed by SEM is very small in size, sampling SEM specimen is convenient and nondestructive to pressure vessel. Therefore, the relationship between DBTT and the content of carbide offers a feasible nondestructive method for quantitative measuring the temper embrittlement of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel pressure vessel.

Manipulation of the guided wave propagation in multilayered phononic plates by introducing interface delaminations

2021 ◽  
pp. 104266
Author(s):  
Yanzheng Wang ◽  
Elias Perras ◽  
Mikhail V. Golub ◽  
Sergey I. Fomenko ◽  
Chuanzeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation

A Study on Fatigue Life Evaluation of Pressure Vessel Made of ASME SA240-316L Material Using Numerical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Life Evaluation ◽  
Fatigue Life Evaluation

Pressure vessels are subjected to repeated loads during use and charging, which can causefine physical damage even in the elastic region. If the load is repeated under stress conditions belowthe yield strength, internal damage accumulates. Fatigue life evaluation of the structure of thepressure vessel using finite element analysis (FEA) is used to evaluate the life cycle of the structuraldesign based on finite element method (FEM) technology. This technique is more advanced thanfatigue life prediction that uses relational equations. This study describes fatigue analysis to predictthe fatigue life of a pressure vessel using stress data obtained from FEA. The life prediction results areuseful for improving the component design at a very early development stage. The fatigue life of thepressure vessel is calculated for each node on the model, and cumulative damage theory is used tocalculate the fatigue life. Then, the fatigue life is calculated from this information using the FEanalysis software ADINA and the fatigue life calculation program WINLIFE.

Fatigue and Burst Analysis of Hy-140(T) Steel Pressure Vessels

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Barsom ◽  
S. T. Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Burst Analysis

Increasing use of high-strength steels in pressure-vessel design has resulted from emphasis on decreasing the weight of pressure vessels for certain applications. To demonstrate the suitability of a 140-ksi yield strength steel for use in unwelded pressure vessels, HY-140(T)—a quenched and tempered 5Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel—was fabricated and subjected to various burst and fatigue tests, as well as to various laboratory tests. In general, results of the investigation indicated very good tensile, Charpy, Nil Ductility Transition Temperature (NDT), low-cycle fatigue, and stress-corrosion properties of HY-140(T) steels, as well as very good burst tests results, in comparison with existing high-yield strength pressure-vessel steels. The results also indicate that the HY-140(T) steel should be an excellent material for its originally designed purpose, Naval hull applications.

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