The Effect of Physical Activity on Residual Limb Volume, Comfort, and Gait Symmetry of Transfemoral Amputees

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Salazar-Salgado ◽  
Fanny Valencia ◽  
Alejandro Uribe ◽  
Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Ankle Kinematics ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Almost All

Abstract For lower limb amputees, the socket fit is affected by the physical activity performed during the day. The majority of the studies in this field include only transtibial amputees and do not examine the effects of this variable. This paper aims to determine the effect of physical activity on the volume of the residual limb (RL), the comfort, and the symmetry of gait in traumatic transfemoral amputees. RL volume and gait data of five individuals were obtained at the first time of the day and after three sessions of treadmill walking. The ratio symmetry index of selected points of gait parameters was calculated. A short comfort test was used after each session. Data were analyzed throughout the tests within each subject, and statistical analysis was performed. After the physical activity, a tendency toward volume decrease was found on almost all subjects, although it was not significant. Transfemoral amputees may have smaller volume variations than transtibial after treadmill walking tasks. Significant difference was found on the symmetry index of “swing phase (SWP).” The values of gait symmetry were consistent with previous findings regarding transfemoral amputees. The lowest symmetry was noticed on the ankle kinematics. The comfort did not significantly change with the selected amount of physical activity. In subsequent research, it is recommended to increase the intensity or time of physical activity and/or increase the number of participants. These results can help the understanding of how the socket/RL interface behaves, which can improve the design and prescription of prosthetic components.

How Does Physical Activity Affect Residual Limb Volume Change, Comfort and Gait Symmetry on Traumatic Transfemoral Amputees?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Salazar-Salgado ◽  
Fanny Valencia ◽  
Alejandro Uribe ◽  
Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Almost All

Abstract There is a considerable amount of young adults who become amputees due to war and violence. For this population, a successful adaptation to their prosthesis depends on the socket fit, which in turn is caused by the volume change of the residual limb during the day. The literature reports several investigations on this topic, most of which use subjects walking on a treadmill to simulate their daily activity. However, this studies are focused on transtibial amputees and do not mention the relationship between this physical activity and other variables such as comfort, volume changes and gait. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to determine the effect of physical activity on the volume of the residual limb, the comfort and the symmetry of gait in traumatic transfemoral amputees. Plaster positive molds of the residual limb, the comfort perception and the gait data of five individuals were obtained at the first time of the day and after three sessions of treadmill walking of 15, 30 and 45 minutes. The positive molds of each individual were scanned and then, the volume was calculated. The gait data was acquired using a marker-based motion capture system and processed to obtain spatio-temporal, kinematic and kinetic parameters, including the Gait Deviation Index (GDI). Based on the literature, specific points of the gait data were selected and the symmetry index was obtain for each of them. A short comfort test was used after each session of treadmill walking. Data was analyzed throughout the tests within each subject. Statistical analysis was performed for the volume and the gait variables to check for statistical significance. After physical activity, a tendency towards residual limb volume decrease was found on almost all subjects, although it was not significant. The percentage of volume change obtained on almost all subjects are within the range considered “good socket fit” according to previous authors. Our results suggest that transfemoral amputees may have smaller volume changes than transtibial after treadmill walking. Significant difference was found on the symmetry index of “Swing phase” between the baseline and the 45-minute test. The values of gait symmetry on the gait parameters were consistent with previous findings regarding transfemoral amputees. The difference that arise may be due to the sample difference (cause of amputation, difference in prosthetic elements and use of walking aids). The lowest symmetry was noticed on the ankle kinematics. The comfort did not significantly change with the selected amount of physical activity. In subsequent research, it is recommended to increase the intensity or time of physical activity and/or increase the number of participants. This results can help the understanding of how the socket/residual limb interface behaves which can improve the design and prescription of prosthetic components.

COMPARISON OF GAIT SYMMETRY INDICATORS IN OVERGROUND WALKING AND TREADMILL WALKING USING WIRELESS GYROSCOPES

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450006 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARWIN GOUWANDA
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants

Gait symmetry has been considered as one of the primary indicators in gait analysis. A symmetrical gait offers several benefits. Among them is a stable and adaptive gait. With wide adoption of wireless inertial sensors i.e., the gyroscope in clinical and rehabilitation settings, this work aimed to investigate the application of symmetry index (SI), symmetry ratio (SR) and normalised symmetry index (SInorm) in defining gait symmetry using measurement collected from wireless gyroscope network. Thigh and shank angular rates during mid-swing, heel-strike and toe-off are used to determine SI, SR and SInorm. In this study, participants were not only instructed to walk naturally on the ground and on a treadmill, but were also requested to walk with restricted knee movement on the ground and on a treadmill to emulate asymmetrical gait. This study demonstrated that the gyroscope can be used to determine gait symmetry. It also shows that SI and SR are not the right indicators to examine gait symmetry using gyroscope data. SI can exceed more than 1,000% at several instances. SR exhibits similar behavior too i.e., it can be as high as 1,000. SInorm performs better in both overground walking and treadmill walking and there are significant difference between symmetrical and asymmetrical gait (p < 0.01).

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal gait parameters obtained from foot-worn inertial sensors are reliable in healthy adults in single- and dual-task conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Soulard ◽  
J. Vaillant ◽  
R. Balaguier ◽  
N. Vuillerme
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Task Effects ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Absolute Reliability

AbstractInertial measurement units (IMUs) are increasingly popular and may be usable in clinical routine to assess gait. However, assessing their intra-session reliability is crucial and has not been tested with foot-worn sensors in healthy participants. The aim of this study was to assess the intra-session reliability of foot-worn IMUs for measuring gait parameters in healthy adults. Twenty healthy participants were enrolled in the study and performed the 10-m walk test in single- and dual-task ('carrying a full cup of water') conditions, three trials per condition. IMUs were used to assess spatiotemporal gait parameters, gait symmetry parameters (symmetry index (SI) and symmetry ratio (SR)), and dual task effects parameters. The relative and the absolute reliability were calculated for each gait parameter. Results showed that spatiotemporal gait parameters measured with foot-worn inertial sensors were reliable; symmetry gait parameters relative reliability was low, and SR showed better absolute reliability than SI; dual task effects were poorly reliable, and taking the mean of the second and the third trials was the most reliable. Foot-worn IMUs are reliable to assess spatiotemporal and symmetry ratio gait parameters but symmetry index and DTE gait parameters reliabilities were low and need to be interpreted with cautious by clinicians and researchers.

scholarly journals Residual limb volume fluctuations in transfemoral amputees

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Paternò ◽  
Michele Ibrahimi ◽  
Elisa Rosini ◽  
Giuseppe Menfi ◽  
Vito Monaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Volume Fluctuations ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
Prosthesis Removal ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Time Required

AbstractThis study constitutes the first attempt to systematically quantify residual limb volume fluctuations in transfemoral amputees. The study was carried out on 24 amputees to investigate variations due to prosthesis doffing, physical activity, and testing time. A proper experimental set-up was designed, including a 3D optical scanner to improve precision and acceptability by amputees. The first test session aimed at measuring residual limb volume at 7 time-points, with 10 min intervals, after prosthesis doffing. This allowed for evaluating the time required for volume stabilization after prosthesis removal, for each amputee. In subsequent sessions, 16 residual limb scans in a day for each amputee were captured to evaluate volume fluctuations due to prosthesis removal and physical activity, in two times per day (morning and afternoon). These measurements were repeated in three different days, a week apart from each other, for a total of 48 scans for each amputee. Volume fluctuations over time after prosthesis doffing showed a two-term decay exponential trend (R2 = 0.97), with the highest variation in the initial 10 min and an average stabilization time of 30 min. A statistically significant increase in residual limb volume following both prosthesis removal and physical activity was verified. No differences were observed between measures collected in the morning and in the afternoon.Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT04709367.

scholarly journals Gait Parameters in Healthy Preschool and School Children Assessed Using Wireless Inertial Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6423
Author(s):  
Ewa Gieysztor ◽  
Mateusz Kowal ◽  
Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Symmetry Index ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Left And Right

Background: The objective gait assessment in children has become more popular. Basis parameters for comparison during the examination are advisable. Objectives: The study aim was to investigate the typical gait parameters of healthy preschool and school children, using a wireless inertial sensor as the reference for atypical gait. The additional aim was to compare the specific gait parameters in the younger and older group of children. Methods: One hundred and sixty-one children’s gait parameters were evaluated by a G-Walk BTS G-SENSOR smart analyzer. The children were walking barefoot, at a self-selected speed, on a five-meter walkway, and they turned around and go back twice. Results: Age significantly influences most of the spatiotemporal parameters. The support phase becomes shorter with age. Accordingly, the swing phase becomes longer with age. The results also show that older children need shorter double support and have longer single support. Moreover, the pelvic tilt symmetry index is higher with increasing age. In each age division, the smallest variation in all gait parameters within the oldest group of examined children was observed. A comparison between the left and right side gait parameters shows the higher difference in boys than in girls. A significant difference was calculated in the pelvic obliquity symmetry index. Girls had significantly more symmetrical obliquity than boys. Conclusions: the research indicates the basic parameters of typical children’s gait, which may be a reference to atypical gait in the case of trauma or disability.

scholarly journals Residual limb volume changes in transfemoral amputees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Paternò ◽  
Michele Ibrahimi ◽  
Elisa Rosini ◽  
Giuseppe Menfi ◽  
Vito Monaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
Prosthesis Removal ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Time Required

Abstract This study constitute the first attempt to systematically quantify residual limb volume changes in transfemoral amputees. The study was carried out on 24 amputees to investigate changes due to prosthesis doffing, physical activity, and testing time. A proper experimental set-up was designed, including a 3D optical scanner, to improve precision and acceptability by amputees. The first test session aimed at measuring residual limb volume at 7 time-points, with 10 minute intervals, after prosthesis doffing. This allowed for evaluating the time required for volume stabilization after prosthesis removal, for each amputee. In subsequent sessions, 16 residual limb scans in a day for each amputee were captured to evaluate volume changes due to prosthesis removal and physical activity, in two times per day (morning and afternoon). These measurements were repeated in three different days, a week apart from each other, for a total of 48 scans for each amputee. Volume changes overtime after prosthesis doffing showed a two-term decay exponential trend (R2 = 0.97), with the highest change in the initial 10 minutes and an average stabilization time of 30 minutes. A statistically significant increasing effect of both prosthesis removal and physical activity was verified. No differences were observed between measures collected in the morning and in the afternoon.

Physical Activity Level and Motor Aptitude: Motor Domains and Identification Capacity of Brazilian Insufficiently Active Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Maria Andreis ◽  
Fernando de Aguiar Lemos ◽  
Lorenna Walesca de Lima Silva ◽  
Cassiana Luiza Pistorello Garcia ◽  
Gabrielli Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
General Motor ◽  
Body Scheme ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Global Coordination

Background: A decrease in the physical activity level in old age is common, which results in an increase in the number of falls and chronic conditions. Associated with that occurs the decline in motor skills as a result of the deficit in the interaction of cognitive and motor processes. Physical activity level can be associated differently with each motor domains. Objective: We analyzed the relationship between physical activity level and motor aptitude, and to identify which motor domains were most sensitive to detect insufficiently active level in older adults. Methods: Participated in the study 385 elderly people of both sexes. For the evaluation of the subjects were adopted the International Questionnaire on Physical Activity and the Motor Scale for Older Adults. Results: The majority of the elderly were active. In the comparison of motor aptitude between active and insufficiently active (IAC) elders a significant difference was found in the Global Coordination, Balance, Body Scheme and General Motor Aptitude. From the analysis of the area under the curve (AUC), we verified that these domains also were the ones that presented adequate diagnostic accuracy to identify IAC elderly. Besides that active elderly have presented the General Motor Aptitude classified within normality while the IAC below the normal. Conclusion: Our data suggest that IAC older adults present lower motor aptitude than the active elderly, especially in the domains of Global Coordination, Balance, Body Scheme and General Motor Aptitude, and that these domains were sensitive to indicate IAC older adults.

Quality of Life, Physical Activity Level and Psychological Profile of Nigerians with Serious Mental Illness and Healthy Psychotropic Naive Subjects (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Arinze Okonkwo ◽  
Peter Olarenwaju Ibikunle ◽  
Izuchukwu Nwafor ◽  
Andrew Orovwigho
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparently Healthy

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL), physical activity (PA) level and psychological profile (PF) of patients with serious mental illness have been neglected during patient’s management OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of selected psychotropic drugs on the QoL, PA level and PF of patients with serious mental illness METHODS A cross sectional survey involving one hundred and twenty-four subject [62 Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and 62 apparently healthy subjects as control] using purposive and consecutive sampling respectively .Questionnaires for each of the constructs were administered to the participants for data collation. Analysis of the data was done using non parametric inferential statistics of Mann-Whitney U independent test and Spearman’s rho correlation with alpha level set as 0.05. RESULTS Significant difference was recorded in the QoL (p<0.05) of patient with SMI and apparently healthy psychotropic naive participants. There was a significant correlation between the QoL (p<0.05) and PF of participants with SMI. Participants with SMI had significantly lower QoL than apparently healthy psychotropic naive subject. QoL of the healthy psychotropic naive group was better than those of the participants with SMI. Female participants with SMI had higher PA than their male counterparts CONCLUSIONS Psychological profiles of male participants with SMI were lower than male healthy psychotropic naive participants. Clinicians should take precaution to monitor the QoL, PA level and PF because the constructs are relevant in evaluation of treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Text Messaging as an Incentive to Maintain Physical Activity after Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6645
Author(s):  
Giulia Foccardi ◽  
Marco Vecchiato ◽  
Daniel Neunhaeuserer ◽  
Michele Mezzaro ◽  
Giulia Quinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Significant Difference

Although the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is proven, the need to improve patients’ adherence has emerged. There are only a few studies that have investigated the effect of sending text messages after a CR period to stimulate subjects’ ongoing engagement in regular physical activity (PA). A randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted after CR, sending a daily PA text message reminder to an intervention group (IG), which was compared with a usual care control group (CG) during three months of follow-up. Thirty-two subjects were assessed pre- and post-study intervention with GPAQ, submaximal iso-watt exercise testing, a 30 s sit-to-stand test, a bilateral arm curl test, and a final survey on a seven-point Likert scale. A statistically significant difference in the increase of moderate PA time (Δ 244.7 (95% CI 189.1, 300.4) minutes, p < 0.001) and in the reduction of sedentary behavior time (Δ −77.5 (95% CI 104.9, −50.1) minutes, p = 0.004) was shown when the IG was compared with the CG. This was associated with an improvement in heart rate, blood pressure, and patients’ Borg rating on the category ratio scale 10 (CR10) in iso-watt exercise testing (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, only the IG did not show a worsening of the strength parameters in the follow-up leading to a change of the 30 s sit-to-stand test with a difference of +2.2 (95% CI 1.23, 3.17) repetitions compared to CG (p = 0.03). The telemedical intervention has been appreciated by the IG, whose willingness to continue with regular PA emerged to be superior compared to the CG. Text messages are an effective and inexpensive adjuvant after phase 2 CR that improves adherence to regular PA. Further studies are needed to confirm these results in a larger patient population and in the long term.

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