scholarly journals Design Strategy Network: A deep hierarchical framework to represent generative design strategies in complex action spaces

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Ayush Raina ◽  
Jonathan Cagan ◽  
Christopher McComb
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Complex Action ◽  
Spatial Region ◽  
Hierarchical Framework ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Action Spaces

Abstract Generative design problems often encompass complex action spaces that may be divergent over time, contain state-dependent constraints, or involve hybrid (discrete and continuous) domains. To address those challenges, this work introduces Design Strategy Network (DSN), a data-driven deep hierarchical framework that can learn strategies over these arbitrary complex action spaces. The hierarchical architecture decomposes every action decision into first predicting a preferred spatial region in the design space and then outputting a probability distribution over a set of possible actions from that region. This framework comprises a convolutional encoder to work with image-based design state representations, a multi-layer perceptron to predict a spatial region, and a weight-sharing network to generate a probability distribution over unordered set-based inputs of feasible actions. Applied to a truss design study, the framework learns to predict the actions of human designers in the study, capturing their truss generation strategies in the process. Results show that DSNs significantly outperform non-hierarchical methods of policy representation, demonstrating their superiority in complex action space problems.

Pre-Life and End-of-Life Combined Profit Optimization With Predictive Product Lifecycle Design

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungmok Ma ◽  
Minjung Kwak ◽  
Harrison M. Kim
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Trend Mining ◽  
A Company ◽  
Lifecycle Design

The Predictive Product Lifecycle Design (PPLD) model that is proposed in this paper enables a company to optimize its product lifecycle design strategy by considering pre-life and end-of-life at the initial design stage. By combining lifecycle design and predictive trend mining technique, the PPLD model can reflect both new and remanufactured product market demands, capture hidden and upcoming trends, and finally provide an optimal lifecycle design strategy in order to maximize profit over the span of the whole lifecycle. The outcomes are lifecycle design strategies such as product design features, the need for buy-backs at the end of its life, and the quantity of products remanufacturing. The developed model is illustrated with an example of a cell phone lifecycle design. The result clearly shows the benefit of the model when compared to a traditional Pre-life design model. The benefit would be increased profitability, while saving more natural resources and reducing wastes for manufacturers own purposes.

scholarly journals A Structural Grammar Approach for the Generative Design of Diagrid-Like Structures

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Francesco Cascone ◽  
Diana Faiella ◽  
Valentina Tomei ◽  
Elena Mele
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Shear Stiffness ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Local Strength ◽  
And Performance

An innovative generative design strategy, based on shape grammar, is proposed for the minimum-weight design of diagrid tall buildings. By considering the building as a three-dimensional vertical cantilever beam with a tubular section under horizontal load, it is evident that bending and shear stiffness demands vary along the width and elevation of the building. Further, while the structural design of tall buildings is usually governed by stiffness, the predominant design criterion for diagrids could be the local strength demand, especially for low slenderness values, thanks to the inherent rigidity of the triangular pattern. Starting from these considerations, in this paper, a generative design strategy is proposed, able to find diagrid patterns that accommodate the differentiated stiffness demand along width/elevation and satisfy the predominant design criterion, stiffness or strength. The design strategy is applied to tall building models characterised by different slenderness values. The comparison to diagrid patterns analysed in previous literature works in terms of structural weight and performance parameters highlights the effectiveness of the design strategy and the efficiency of the generated patterns.

Describing Ship-Design

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ties van Bruinessen ◽  
Hans Hopman ◽  
Frido Smulders
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Blank Sheet ◽  
Offshore Industry ◽  
Engineering Practices

The majority of European ship-design industry concentrates on the development of complex, one-off ‘specials’ for the offshore industry, like dredgers, drill ships, pipe-laying ships, et cetera. This industry is complex, not just in terms of the industrial structure but also in the terms of the object. To control the complexity the industry uses large and expansive knowledge basis that support the design, engineering and manufacturing activities. Within academic research the focus is close to practice and dominantly aims at developing knowledge and tools that supports engineering practices. As these strategies are aimed at controlling the complexity, they leave very little room for more innovative developments. On the other side of the spectrum there is a ship-design practice that does allow radical ship design: design and engineering from a blank sheet of paper. Not surprising that these projects are laborious and expensive. The space in between these two design strategies seems unaddressed in literature. The literature on the design of complex structures appears to be scarce, even though this is an area where European ship-design industry is heavily involved. The research this paper reports on aims to develop a design strategy for complex ships in between incremental and radical innovation. We interviewed stakeholders from ship industry, looked into the design literature to describe the present situation and finally performed case-studies in other fields of application for inspiration. Based on these studies we illustrate an alternative design strategy that leaves more space for innovation without the requirement to start from scratch. The approach focuses on the complex interactions between the different levels of decomposition in a complex structure such as a ship.

Mixed Policies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
João P. Hespanha
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
General Type ◽  
Zero Sum Games ◽  
Security Levels ◽  
Mixed Action ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
Saddle Point Equilibrium ◽  
Action Spaces

This chapter explores the concept of mixed policies and how the notions for pure policies can be adapted to this more general type of policies. A pure policy consists of choices of particular actions (perhaps based on some observation), whereas a mixed policy involves choosing a probability distribution to select actions (perhaps as a function of observations). The idea behind mixed policies is that the players select their actions randomly according to a previously selected probability distribution. The chapter first considers the rock-paper-scissors game as an example of mixed policy before discussing mixed action spaces, mixed security policy and saddle-point equilibrium, mixed saddle-point equilibrium vs. average security levels, and general zero-sum games. It concludes with practice exercises with corresponding solutions and an additional exercise.

Engine Design Strategy for Boundary Layer Ingesting Propulsion Systems With Multiple Non-Symmetric Engine Inlet Conditions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Gladin ◽  
Brian K. Kestner ◽  
Jeff S. Schutte ◽  
Dimitri N. Mavris
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
Practical Strategy ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Vehicle Aerodynamics ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Boundary layer ingesting inlets for hybrid wing body aircraft have been investigated at some depth in recent years due to the theoretical potential for fuel burn savings. Such savings derive from the ingestion of a portion of the low momentum wake into the propulsor to reenergize the flow, thus yielding total power savings and reducing required block fuel burn. A potential concern for BLI is that traditional concepts such as “thrust” and “drag” become less clearly defined due to the interaction between the vehicle aerodynamics and the propulsive thrust achieved. One such interaction for the HWB concept is the lateral location of the inlet on the upper surface which determines the effective Reynolds number at the point of ingestion. This is an important factor in determining the amount of power savings achieved by the system, since the boundary layer, displacement, and momentum thicknesses are functions of the local chord length and airfoil shape which are all functions of the lateral location of the engine. This poses a design challenge for engine layouts with more than two engines as at least one or more of the total engines will be operating at a different set of changing inlet conditions throughout the flight envelope. As a result, the engine operating point and propulsive performance will be different between outboard and inboard engines at flight conditions with appreciable boundary layer influence including key flight conditions for engine design: takeoff, top of climb, and cruise. The optimal engine design strategy in terms of performance to address this issue is to design separate engines with similar thrust performance. This strategy has significant challenges such as requiring the manufacturing and certification of two different engines for one vehicle. A more practical strategy is to design a single engine that performs adequately at the different inlet conditions but may not achieve the full benefits of BLI. This paper presents a technique for cycle analysis which can account for the disparity between inlet conditions. This technique was used for two principal purposes: first to determine the effect of the inlet disparity on the performance of the system; second, to analyze the various design strategies that might mitigate the impact of this effect. It is shown that a single engine can be sized when considering both inboard and outboard engines simultaneously. Additionally, it is shown that there is a benefit to ingesting larger mass flows in the inboard engine for the case with large disparity between the engine inlets.

Analysis of Eco-Design Strategy of Public Buildings in Large Space

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1274-1279
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jin Hui Huang ◽  
Xian Guang Gu ◽  
Xiang Ji
Keyword(s):  
Design Pattern ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Large Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
To Come ◽  
Further Development

Throughout todays society, with the further development of economic globalization, public buildings in large space present the tendance of multi-direction and diversification, among all the public buildings in large space, the principles of eco-designing strategy are quite special. On the basic of principles of eco-designing, the author analyses the strategy of eco-designing through some examples. The author presents his opinion mainly from four aspects: smart usage of underground spaces, perfect integration with environment, active adoption of eco-construction, initiative expansion of the green energy, finally, the author tries to come up with the design pattern to summarize the main eco-design strategies of public buildings in large space.

Integrating chemical engineering and crystallographic texturing design strategy for the realization of practically viable lead-free sodium bismuth titanate-based incipient piezoceramics

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (25) ◽  
pp. 8661-8671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangfeng Bai ◽  
Xinyu Zhao ◽  
Yanwei Huang ◽  
Yuqin Ding ◽  
Leijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Bismuth Titanate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Sodium Bismuth Titanate

Realization of practically viable lead-free sodium bismuth titanate-based incipient piezoceramics via the integration of chemical engineering and crystallographic texturing design strategies for high-efficiency actuator applications.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF THE DESIGN STRATEGIC GROUPS AND DESIGN STRATEGIES

2004 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 373-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIH CHANG ◽  
YEN HSU
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Aggressive Response ◽  
Strategic Groups ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Passive Response ◽  
Home Appliance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Response Group

The results generated from a questionnaire survey conducted in the period of 2002 to 2003 have shown that Taiwanese home appliance firms' product design strategy can be classified into passive response, aggressive response, and R&D focus groups according to characteristics classified by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Differences in issues related to the design strategy adopted by each group are highlighted from case studies. Performance in new product development differs among strategic groups. Overall, the aggressive response group performs the best, followed by the R&D focus group, and finally the passive response group. Some relationships between the design strategy related issues adopted by each strategic group and performance have been found after comparisons between them.

scholarly journals Enhancing resilience in urban water systems for future cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seith N. Mugume ◽  
Kegong Diao ◽  
Maryam Astaraie-Imani ◽  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
Raziyeh Farmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Storage ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Pipe Failure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Urban Water Systems ◽  
Resilient Design

In future cities, urban water systems (UWSs) should be designed not only for safe provision of services but should also be resilient to emerging or unexpected threats that lead to catastrophic system failure impacts and consequences. Resilience can potentially be built into UWSs by implementing a range of strategies, for example by embedding redundancy and flexibility in system design, or by rehabilitation to increase their ability to maintain acceptable customer service levels during unexpected system failures. In this work, a new resilience analysis is carried out to investigate the performance of a water distribution system (WDS) and an urban drainage system (UDS) during pipe failure scenarios. Using simplified synthetic networks, the effect of implementing adaptation (resilient design) strategies on minimising the loss of system functionality and cost of UWSs is investigated. Study results for the WDS case study show that the design strategy in which flexibility is enhanced ensures that all customers are served during single pipe failure scenarios. The results of the UDS case study indicate that the design strategy incorporating upstream distributed storage tanks minimises flood volume and mean duration of nodal flooding by 50.1% and 46.7%, respectively, even when system functionality is significantly degraded. When costs associated with failure are considered, resilient design strategies could prove to be more cost-effective over the design life of UWSs.

scholarly journals Regional Resource Urbanism, Envisioning an Adaptive Transition for the Urbanising Periphery of Kathmandu

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ashim Kumar Manna
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Test Strategies ◽  
Landscape Urbanism ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
A Site ◽  
Traditional Communities

Despite a strong tradition of harmony between the landscape and its settlements, Kathmandu's periphery now stands altered due to the contemporary challenges of modernisation. It has become the contested territory where rapid urbanisation and infrastructure projects conflict with the valley's last remaining resources. i.e., fertile soil, floodplains, water sources, forests and agricultural land. The periphery is essential in preserving the remaining agricultural landscape, which is the mainstay of the numerous traditional communities of Kathmandu. Both the occupants and the productive landscape are threatened due to haphazard urbanisation and future mobility projects, resulting in speculative and uncontrolled sprawl. A detailed investigation was conducted on a site 15km south of Kathmandu to address the city's landscape challenges. The chosen investigation frame presented the suitable conditions to study and test strategies posed by the research objectives. The research utilises landscape urbanism and cartography to reveal the landscape's latent capacities, identify the spatial qualities, stakeholders and typologies involved in the production and consumption of resources. The study identifies existing resource flows and their ability to generate future scenarios. Systematic design strategies were applied in resource recovery projects by optimising enterprising capacity building within communities after the earthquake. The research recognises the merit in existing practices, community networks, the ongoing post-earthquake rebuilding efforts in offering an alternative design strategy in which landscape becomes the carrying structure for the sustainable reorganisation of Kathmandu's periphery.

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