Regenerated Marine Gas Turbines: Part I — Cycle Selection and Performance Estimation

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Bowen ◽  
J. C. Ness
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Regenerative Cycle

Analytical studies are currently being conducted by the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center to assess the suitability of regenerative-cycle and intercooled, regenerative-cycle gas turbines for naval applications. This paper, which is presented in two parts, discusses results of initial investigations to identify attractive engine concepts based on existing turbomachinery and to consider the regenerator technology required to develop these engine concepts. Part I of the paper deals with the attractive engine concepts. A survey of simple-cycle engines rated from 2500 to 50,000 hp (2 to 37 MW) was conducted to determine the cycle conditions, performance characteristics, and mechanical configurations of current marine gas turbines. Comparative cycle studies were performed to establish the performance trends of the simple, regenerative, intercooled-simple, and intercooled-regenerative cycles. Hypothetical engine concepts are described which illustrate the improved performance obtained by adding heat exchangers for regeneration and intercooling to today’s simple-cycle marine engines.

scholarly journals Regenerated Marine Gas Turbines: Part II — Regenerator Technology and Heat Exchanger Sizing

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Watts ◽  
T. L. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Plate Spacing ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Regenerative Cycle

Analytical studies are currently being conducted by the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center to assess the suitability of regenerative-cycle and intercooled, regenerative-cycle gas turbines for naval applications. This paper is the second part of a two-part paper which discusses results of initial investigations to identify attractive engine concepts based on existing turbomachinery and to consider the regenerator technology required to develop these engine concepts. Part I of the paper analyzed existing and next generation engines for performance improvement. Part II includes: definitions of performance parameters such as effectiveness and pressure drop, a discussion of regenerator types, and comments on regenerator materials, life, maintenance, and fouling. Tradeoffs between size, weight, and performance of plate-fin recuperators are examined using two of the hypothetical engines from Part I as examples. Results are compared for several different recuperator matrices to illustrate the effects of air-side and gas-side fin density and plate spacing on size, weight, and performance.

Automotive

1959 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-297
Author(s):  
Frank L. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Vehicle Propulsion ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Reciprocating Engines ◽  
High Production

Many experimental models of gas turbines have been built for vehicle propulsion, and indications are that production models may be available within the next decade. Special effort has been devoted in recent years to improving the fuel consumption by adding heat exchangers to the originally proposed simple-cycle gas turbines. If they are to be competitive with reciprocating engines, gas turbines must not only be equal or better in performance, but equal or lower in cost. This would require manufacture in large quantities, and it is very likely that the first production models will be in a low-priced high-production automobile.

The “Axi-Fuge”—A Novel Compressor

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
J. O. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Marine Application ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Caterpillar Tractor ◽  
The Subject

Modifying a simple-cycle gas turbine to include heat exchangers can improve its thermal efficiency significantly (as much as 20 percent). Advanced regenerative and intercooled regenerative gas turbines for marine application have recently been the subject of numerous studies, most of which have shown that lower fuel consumption can be achieved by adding heat exchangers to existing simple-cycle gas turbines. Additional improvements in thermal efficiency are available by increasing the efficiency of the turbomachinery itself, particularly that of the gas turbine’s air compressor. Studies by Caterpillar Tractor Company and Solar Turbines Incorporated on a recuperated, variable-geometry gas turbine indicate an additional 8 to 10 percent improvement in thermal efficiency is possible when an improved higher efficiency compressor is included in the gas turbine modification. During these studies a novel compressor, the Axi-Fuge, was devised. This paper discusses the Axi-Fuge concept, its origin, design criteria and approach, and some test results.

Evaluation of a 50,000 HP Marine Gas Turbine for Use in Future U.S. Navy Surface Ships

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Franks ◽  
Jonathan R. White ◽  
Jon C. Ness
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Initial Investigation ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Engine Size ◽  
The U.S

Analytical studies conducted by the U.S. Navy for the future marine gas turbine propulsion engines have concentrated in the mid-20,000 horsepower (HP) range. This power range meets the propulsion requirements of current surface ships, such as auxiliary and amphibious, frigate, destroyer, and light-cruiser ship types. In looking at future ship propulsion requirements, the possibility of developing a 50,000 HP marine gas turbine should be considered. This paper discusses the results of an initial investigation into the feasibility of a 50,000 HP marine gas turbine propulsion engine for surface ships. The current U.S. Navy 25,000 HP marine gas turbine and a theoretical 50,000 HP marine gas turbine propulsion engine performance characteristics are compared to establish performance trends of simple cycle marine engines. In addition, an advanced cycle 50,000 HP gas turbine with intercooling and recuperating is analyzed. This paper provides comparative results of engine performance for various ship operating profiles, engine size and weight and developmental cost.

scholarly journals The Increased Use of Gas Turbines as Commercial Marine Engines

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Brady ◽  
D. L. Luck
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Marine Applications

Over the last three decades, aeroderivative gas turbines have become established naval ship propulsion engines but use in the commercial marine field has been more limited. Today, aeroderivative gas turbines are being increasingly utilized as commercial marine engines. The primary reasons for the increased use of gas turbines is discussed and several recent GE aeroderivative gas turbine commercial marine applications are described with particular aspects of the gas turbine engine installations detailed. Finally, the potential for future commercial marine aeroderivative gas turbine applications is presented.

Introduction and Performance Prediction of a Nutating-Disk Engine

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Korakianitis ◽  
L. Meyer ◽  
M. Boruta ◽  
H. E. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stroke Engine

A new type of internal combustion engine and its thermodynamic cycle are introduced. The core of the engine is a nutating nonrotating disk, with the center of its hub mounted in the middle of a Z-shaped shaft. The two ends of the shaft rotate, while the disk nutates. The motion of the disk circumference prescribes a portion of a sphere. A portion of the area of the disk is used for intake and compression, a portion is used to seal against a center casing, and the remaining portion is used for expansion and exhaust. The compressed air is admitted to an external accumulator, and then into an external combustion chamber before it is admitted to the power side of the disk. The accumulator and combustion chamber are kept at constant pressures. The engine has a few analogies with piston-engine operation, but like a gas turbine it has dedicated spaces and devices for compression, burning, and expansion. The thermal efficiency is similar to that of comparably sized simple-cycle gas turbines and piston engines. For the same engine volume and weight, this engine produces less specific power than a simple-cycle gas turbine, but approximately twice the power of a two-stroke engine and four times the power of a four-stroke engine. The engine has advantages in the 10 kW to 200 kW power range. This paper introduces the geometry and thermodynamic model for the engine, presents typical performance curves, and discusses the relative advantages of this engine over its competitors.

The “Axi-Fuge”—A Novel Compressor

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse O. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Variable Geometry ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Marine Application ◽  
Caterpillar Tractor

Modifying a simple-cycle gas turbine to include heat exchangers can improve its thermal efficiency significantly (as much as 20%). Advanced regenerative and intercooled regenerative gas turbines for marine application have recently been the subjects of numerous studies, most of which have shown that lower fuel comsumption can be achieved by adding heat exchangers to existing simple-cycle gas turbines. Additional improvements in thermal efficiency are available by increasing the efficiency of the turbomachinery itself, particularly that of the gas turbine’s air compressor. Studies by Caterpillar Tractor Company and Solar Turbines Incorporated on a recuperated, variable-geometry gas turbine indicate an additional 8 to 10% improvement in thermal efficiency is possible when an improved higher efficiency compressor is included in the gas turbine modification. During these studies a novel (Axi-Fuge) compressor was devised. This paper discusses the Axi-Fuge concept, its origin, design criteria and approach, and some test results.

scholarly journals GT Prime: Improvements to General Electric MS7001B Gas Turbines

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Fuselier ◽  
David K. Prugger
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
General Electric ◽  
Major Overhaul ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Free Service ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance

The eight General Electric MS7001B gas turbines in combined cycle service at the T.H. Wharton Station of Houston Lighting and Power currently have 85000 hours of operation with 2000 starts. The units are ready for their second major overhaul. A number of hot gas path components will require replacement at that time. Rather than replacing components one by one the user devised a Program for Reliability, Improved Maintenance and Efficiency (GT Prime) with an objective of achieving twenty additional years of trouble free service. Fortunately, the supplier had developed many improved parts for his newer units which could be applied to older machines with an attendant increase in component life, inspection intervals, system reliability, availability and performance. The significant impact on customer operating costs resulted in a very attractive payback period. A contract for modification of all eight units was signed in December, 1991. Teardown of the first unit for modification started in November, 1992 with the rebuild and test completed in July, 1993. This paper will discuss turbine condition, differences between the old and new parts, improved performance and reduced emissions attained as a result of implementing the program.

Digital Controls: A Proven Method of Increasing Reliability and Performance on Gas Turbines

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Bostick
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Redundant Design ◽  
System Supplier ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Proven Method ◽  
Microprocessor Application

Many gas turbine users have taken advantage of the latest technology microprocessors to upgrade their turbine controls. The primary advantages include improved performance and fuel savings, increased reliability due to redundant design, and reduced maintenance costs associated with the older designs. Numerous other functions and benefits are derived thru microprocessor application. Control system retrofits have been successfully implemented, completely by the user in coordination with the control system supplier, requiring no special outside engineering or involvement.

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