Experimental Investigation of Intermittent Gas-Liquid Flows on Solid Particle Transportation in Inclined Pipelines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Afshin Goharzadeh ◽  
Peter Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Bed Load ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Flow Phenomenon ◽  
Liquid Flows ◽  
Pipe Inclination

Solid particle transport in pipelines by fluids is widely encountered in energy industry processes, such as oil production, drilling of horizontal and inclined wells and mining. In contrast to the intensive research effort that has investigated solid transport in horizontal pipelines, limited studies have been published on solid transportation mechanism generated from an initial stationary particle bed in inclined pipes. Consequently the underlying mechanisms responsible for pipe inclination influence on bed-load transport phenomena have not been extensively assessed, particularly for gas-liquid conveying of solid particles. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the influence hydraulic and two phase (gas-liquid) flows on sand dune transportation resulting from a stationary flat bed as a function of (i) pipe inclination, (ii) gas liquid flow rate and (iii) initial sand bed thickness. Experiments were undertaken in a laboratory environment using a 14 m long transparent Plexiglas loop of 24 mm internal diameter to permit optical access. The three phases used were water, air and sand. High speed digital photography was employed to study the flow phenomenon and characteristics of sand bed transportation for the analysis variables (i) to (iii) under consideration. For hydraulic conveying of solid particles, it was found that 1° upward pipe inclination had negligible influence on both the flow phenomenon and solid-liquid flow pattern transition. In contrast, for gas-liquid conveying of solid particles, pipe inclination resulted in considerably different transport phenomena relative to that observed for the horizontal orientation. Differences such as backward bed movement and enhanced particle suspension were observed, and found to be highly gas-liquid ratio dependent. These measurements provide fundamental insights into the influence of upward pipe inclination on bed-load mode solid transportation in a closed conduit.

Experimental Characterization of Hydraulic Solid Particle Transportation in Horizontal Pipelines Using PIV

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Liang ◽  
Afshin Goharzadeh ◽  
Peter Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
Bed Load ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Particle Bed

Solid particle transport in pipelines by fluids is encountered in a wide variety of industry processes, such as oil production, mining and chemical industry. In contrast to the intensive research effort that has investigated transport modes for suspended solid particles in pipeline flow, limited studies have been published on solid transportation mechanism generated from an initial stationary particle bed. Consequently the underlying mechanisms responsible for bed-load and saltation transport phenomena have not been extensively assessed, particularly for low velocity hydraulic conveying pipe flows. This paper presents an experimental investigation into sand particle transportation from a stationary horizontal particle bed under hydraulic conveying flow for bed-load and saltation transport phenomena. Experiments were undertaken in a laboratory environment using a 14 m long transparent plexiglas loop of 24 mm internal diameter to permit optical access. High speed digital photography was employed to study the morphologic characteristics of sand bed transportation, with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) used to characterize the near surface flow structure at the fluid-solid interface. Experimental results characterize the influence of water flow on sand dune formation for one bed thickness and particle size. Flow field velocity distributions revealed the presence of vortex structures that strongly influence the dynamics of sand dunes. The results presented on the combined study of flow field and bed formation interaction provide a fundamental insight into the physics of fluid-solid interaction in a closed conduit that can also serve as benchmark data for computational fluid dynamics based predictions.

Experimental Characterization of Slug Flow on Solid Particle Transport in a 1 Deg Upward Inclined Pipeline

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Goharzadeh ◽  
Peter Rodgers ◽  
Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Particle Suspension ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Horizontal Orientation ◽  
Suspension Layer ◽  
Load Mode ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flows ◽  
Pipe Inclination

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the influence of hydraulic and two phase (gas-liquid) flows on sand dune transportation resulting from a stationary flatbed, for horizontal and 1 deg upward pipe inclination. For gas-liquid conveying of solid particles, pipe inclination resulted in considerably different transport phenomena relative to those observed for horizontal orientation. Key distinguishing features such as backward bed movement and enhanced particle suspension were observed and were found to be highly gas-liquid ratio dependent. Using image processing, the solid particle suspension layer was quantified as a function of the gas-liquid flow. The measurements presented provide fundamental insights into the influence of upward pipe inclination on bed-load mode solid transportation in a closed conduit.

Characteristics of Air-Oil Slug Flow in Inclined Pipe Using Tomographic Techniques

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lokman A. AbdulKareem ◽  
V. Hernandez-Perez ◽  
S. Sharaf ◽  
Barry J. Azzopardi
Keyword(s):  
Slug Flow ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flows ◽  
Pipe Inclination

The structure of gas liquid flow in horizontal and vertical pipes to some extent is well understood. However, the situation in inclined pipes is much more difficult with very little work published in literature. Changes in physical phenomena occur as the pipe inclination angle varies from the vertical through to inclined and then to horizontal. This work describes a study carried out at the University Of Nottingham on the effects of inclination on gas / liquid slug flow. Two advanced tomography techniques were applied simultaneously to the flow of a mixture of air and silicone oil in a 67 mm internal diameter pipe and the pipe was inclined at angles 0, 5, 10, 30, 45, 60, 80, 90 degrees. This paper reports on the use of twin plane electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) system developed by TomoFlow electronics Ltd to measure flow characteristics in gas-liquid flows. We report measurements over a range of liquid superficial velocities from 0.05 m/s to 0.5 m/s and gas superficial velocities from 0.06 m/s to 6 m/s at all the above angles in a pipe 6 m long. A second technique, Capacitance Wire Mesh Sensor (WMS) developed at Forschungszentrum Rossendorf-Dresden/Germany was also present in the tests, The results for the two sensors are shown to be within 1% of each other in some instances when comparing cross-sectional averaged void fraction. The data was recorded at an acquisition frequency of 1000 Hz over an interval of 60 seconds. This enabled an examination of the flow to be carried out at several levels of complexity. Both measuring sensors provide time and cross-sectionally resolved information about the spatial distribution of the phases. In present paper, the effect of inclination on the characteristics of slug flow is presented. Radial gas volume fraction profiles and bubble size distributions were also processed from the wire-mesh sensor output. The results indicate that the pipe inclination has a significant effect on the slug flow characteristics.

scholarly journals Velocity bias in intrusive gas-liquid flow measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hohermuth ◽  
M. Kramer ◽  
S. Felder ◽  
D. Valero
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Bubble Velocity ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flows ◽  
Velocity Bias

AbstractGas–liquid flows occur in many natural environments such as breaking waves, river rapids and human-made systems, including nuclear reactors and water treatment or conveyance infrastructure. Such two-phase flows are commonly investigated using phase-detection intrusive probes, yielding velocities that are considered to be directly representative of bubble velocities. Using different state-of-the-art instruments and analysis algorithms, we show that bubble–probe interactions lead to an underestimation of the real bubble velocity due to surface tension. To overcome this velocity bias, a correction method is formulated based on a force balance on the bubble. The proposed methodology allows to assess the bubble–probe interaction bias for various types of gas-liquid flows and to recover the undisturbed real bubble velocity. We show that the velocity bias is strong in laboratory scale investigations and therefore may affect the extrapolation of results to full scale. The correction method increases the accuracy of bubble velocity estimations, thereby enabling a deeper understanding of fundamental gas-liquid flow processes.

Simulation of Impaction Between Liquid Droplet and Solid Particles Based on SPH Method

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Meng ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Rui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Particle Interaction ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Seed Particle ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Spray Granulation

The phenomenon of impaction between liquid droplets and solid particles is involved in many scientific problems and engineering applications, such as impaction between sprayed droplet and solid particles in limestone injection desulfurization system and the collision between a droplet of the liquid to be granulated and a seed particle in fluidized bed spray granulation process. There are a lot of factors affected this phenomenon: droplet and particle size, momentum of both liquid droplet and solid particles, materials, surface conditions of the solid particles and so on. However the experimental or numerical researches have been done mostly pay attention to Specific application or process, so the impaction phenomenon has not been through studied, for example how different factors affected the impaction process with its effect on different applications. This paper focuses on the basic issue of interaction between droplet and solid particles. Three main factors were considered: ratio of diameter between the droplet and solid particle, relative velocity and the surface tension (including the contact angle between droplet and solid particle). All the study is based on simulation using SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) method, and the surface tension is simulated by particle-particle interaction.

A Model for the Effect of Velocity on Erosion of N80 Steel Tubing due to the Normal Impingement of Solid Particles

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Chase ◽  
E. F. Rybicki ◽  
J. R. Shadley
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Unknown Coefficient ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Erosion Behavior

As part of a combined experimental and computational study of erosion for gas and oil production conditions, a semi-empirical model has been developed to predict erosion ratio behaviors of metals due to solid particle impingement. One use of the model will be to reduce the total number of experiments needed to characterize erosion behavior. The model represents material property information associated with both the target material and the impinging particles, as well as impingement speed. Five different models are examined in terms of ability to predict erosion ratio behavior as a function of impingement speed. The model selected is based on a conservation of energy formulation and fracture mechanics considerations to predict the amount of material removed due to solid particle impingement. The resulting equation to predict the erosion ratio for a given particle size contains one unknown coefficient which is determined through comparison with experimental data. Illustrative examples are presented for data for two different sizes of glass bead solid particles in an oil carrier fluid impinging on an API (American Petroleum Institute) N80 grade steel target at an impingement angle 90 deg to the target surface. Using erosion data at one impingement speed to determine the unknown coefficient, the model was used to predict erosion behavior at a range of other speeds. Good agreement between the erosion ratio data and the values predicted by the model were found for two solid particle sizes. Recommendations for expanding the capabilities of the model are pointed out.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of two-phase gas-liquid flow in microchannel with T-junction

2017 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 00004 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Bartkus ◽  
Igor Kozulin ◽  
Vladimir Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of a Rectangular Airlift Pump

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Esen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Airlift Pump

Hydraulic performance of an airlift pump having a rectangular cross-section 20 mm × 80 mm was investigated through an experimental program. The pump was operated at six different submergence ratios and the liquid flow rate was measured at various flowrates of air injected. The effectiveness of the pump, defined as the ratio of the mass of liquid pumped to the mass of air injected, was determined as a function of the mass of air injected for different submergence ratios. Results obtained were compared with those for circular airlift pumps using an analytical model for circular pumps. Effectiveness of the rectangular airlift pump was observed to be comparable to that of the circular pumps. Hydraulic performance of the rectangular airlift pump investigated was then described by a set of semilogarithmic empirical equations.

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