Integrated Pahl and Beitz and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving for the Conceptual Design of Multi-Domain Systems

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Dietz ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Base Method

A key challenge facing designers creating innovative products is concept generation in conceptual design. Conceptual design can be more effective when the design space is broad and accelerated by including problem solving and solution triggering tools in its structure. The design space can be broadened by using an integrated design of product and material concepts approach. In this approach, structured analogy is used to transfer underlying principles from a solution suitable in one domain (i.e., product or mechanical domain) to an analogous solution in another domain (i.e., materials domain). The nature of design analogy does not require as full of an exploration of the target domain as would otherwise be necessary; affording the possibility of a more rapid development. The addition of problem solving and solution triggering tools also decreases the design time and/or improves the quality of the final solution. The fulfillment of this is realized through a combination of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) proposed by Altshuller, and the systematic approach of Pahl and Beitz, for products that are jointly considered at the material and product level. These types of problems are ones where a designer seeks to fulfill performance requirements placed on the product generally through both the product and the designed material. In this method, the systematic approach of Pahl and Beitz is used as the base method, and TRIZ is used as a means of transferring abstract information about the design problem between the domains with an aim of accelerating the conceptual design process. This approach also allows for cross design approach tools such as S-Field-Model-CAD integration with design repositories to be used to transfer information at different levels of abstraction; expanding the design space and effectively directing the designer. The explanation of this approach is presented through a very simple example of a spring design improvement.

A Conceptual Design Approach Generated by Integrating AD and TRIZ into the Conceptual Design Phase of SAPB

2010 ◽  
Vol 118-120 ◽  
pp. 977-981
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
De Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Independence Axiom ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Conceptual Design Phase

This paper analyzes the advantages and shortages of Systematic Approach of Pahl and Beitz (SAPB), Axiomatic Design (AD) and Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), and explores the possibilities of integration of complementary advantages as well. Integrate the Independence Axiom from AD and the principles of resolving contradictions into the conceptual design phase of SAPB, and at last, generate an approach of conceptual design.

An empirical understanding of use of internal analogies in conceptual design

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Srinivasan ◽  
Amaresh Chakrabarti ◽  
Udo Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Source Domain ◽  
Natural Domain

AbstractInternal analogies are created if the knowledge of source domain is obtained only from the cognition of designers. In this paper, an understanding of the use of internal analogies in conceptual design is developed by studying: the types of internal analogies; the roles of internal analogies; the influence of design problems on the creation of internal analogies; the role of experience of designers on the use of internal analogies; the levels of abstraction at which internal analogies are searched in target domain, identified in source domain, and realized in the target domain; and the effect of internal analogies from the natural and artificial domains on the solution space created using these analogies. To facilitate this understanding, empirical studies of design sessions from earlier research, each involving a designer solving a design problem by identifying requirements and developing conceptual solutions, without using any support, are used. The following are the important findings: designers use analogies from the natural and artificial domains; analogies are used for generating requirements and solutions; the nature of the design problem influences the use of analogies; the role of experience of designers on the use of analogies is not clearly ascertained; analogical transfer is observed only at few levels of abstraction while many levels remain unexplored; and analogies from the natural domain seem to have more positive influence than the artificial domain on the number of ideas and variety of idea space.

scholarly journals Configuration Study of Electric Helicopters for Urban Air Mobility

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Julia A. Cole ◽  
Lauren Rajauski ◽  
Andrew Loughran ◽  
Alexander Karpowicz ◽  
Stefanie Salinger
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Main Rotor ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Compound Helicopter ◽  
Configuration Changes

There is currently interest in the design of small electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft to alleviate ground traffic and congestion in major urban areas. To support progress in this area, a conceptual design method for single-main-rotor and lift-augmented compound electric helicopters has been developed. The design method was used to investigate the feasible design space for electric helicopters based on varying mission profiles and technology assumptions. Within the feasible design space, it was found that a crossover boundary exists as a function of cruise distance and hover time where the most efficient configuration changes from a single-main-rotor helicopter to a lift-augmented compound helicopter. In general, for longer cruise distances and shorter hover times, the lift-augmented compound helicopter is the more efficient configuration. An additional study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of decoupling the main rotor from the tail rotor. This study showed that decoupling the main rotor and tail rotor has the potential to reduce the total mission energy required in all cases, allowing for increases in mission distances and hover times on the order of 5% for a given battery size.

A model of the mechanical design process based on empirical data

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Ullman ◽  
Thomas G. Dietterich ◽  
Larry A. Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Cad Tools ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Key Features

This paper describes the task/episode accumulation model (TEA model) of non-routine mechanical design, which was developed after detailed analysis of the audio and video protocols of five mechanical designers. The model is able to explain the behavior of designers at a much finer level of detail than previous models. The key features of the model are (a) the design is constructed by incrementally refining and patching an initial conceptual design, (b) design alternatives are not considered outside the boundaries of design episodes (which are short stretches of problem solving aimed at specific goals), (c) the design process is controlled locally, primarily at the level of individual episodes. Among the implications of the model are the following: (a) CAD tools should be extended to represent the state of the design at more abstract levels, (b) CAD tools should help the designer manage constraints, and (c) CAD tools should be designed to give cognitive support to the designer.

Kinematic Design of Functional Nanoscale Mechanisms From Molecular Primitives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam T. Chorsi ◽  
Pouya Tavousi ◽  
Caitlyn Mundrane ◽  
Vitaliy Gorbatyuk ◽  
Kazem Kazerounian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Kinematic Design ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
And Function

Abstract Natural nanomechanisms such as capillaries, neurotransmitters, and ion channels play a vital role in the living systems. But the design principles developed by nature through evolution are not well understood and, hence, not applicable to engineered nanomachines. Thus, the design of nanoscale mechanisms with prescribed functions remains a challenge. Here, we present a systematic approach based on established kinematics techniques to designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturable nanomachines with prescribed mobility and function built from a finite but extendable number of available "molecular primitives." Our framework allows the systematic exploration of the design space of irreducibly simple nanomachines, built with prescribed motion specification by combining available nanocomponents into systems having constrained, and consequently controllable motions. We show that the proposed framework has allowed us to discover and verify a molecule in the form of a seven link, seven revolute (7R) close loop spatial linkage with mobility (degree of freedom) of one. Furthermore, our experiments exhibit the type and range of motion predicted by our simulations. Enhancing such a structure into functional nanomechanisms by exploiting and controlling their motions individually or as part of an ensemble could galvanize development of the multitude of engineering, scientific, medical, and consumer applications that can benefit from engineered nanomachines.

Function Ordering Within Morphological Charts: An Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Chawla ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Output Function ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Morphological Chart

Morphological charts are widely recognized tools in engineering design applications and research. However, a literature gap exists in instructing the representation and exploration of morphological charts. In this paper, an experiment is conducted to understand how morphological charts are explored and what impact functional arrangement has on it. The experiment consisted of two problem statements, each with five different functional arrangements: 1) Most to Least Important Function, 2) Least to Most Important Function, 3) Input to Output Function, 4) Output to Input Function, and 5) Random. Sixty-seven junior mechanical engineering students were provided a prepopulated morphological chart and asked to generate integrated design concepts. The generated concepts were analyzed to determine how frequently a given means is selected, how much of the chart is explored, what is the sequence of exploration, and finally the influence of function ordering on them. Experimental results indicate a tendency to focus more on the initial columns of the chart irrespective of functional order. Moreover, the Most-to-Least-Important functional order results in higher chances and uniformity of design space exploration.

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