Sustainable Design Using Integrated TRIZ and Eco-Checklist With Function Impact Matrix

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Hosseinpour ◽  
Qingjin Peng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Environmental Footprints ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Basic Functions

Design is one of the most important stages in product development. Product design has witnessed significant changes during the last few decades in the objective from meeting basic functions to customization. Sustainability is a new concept for assessing product design leading to the low level of adverse impact on environments. This paper examines different methods in sustainable design. A new method, known as integrated TRIZ and Eco-checklist with Function Impact Matrix, is proposed to improve the existing methods. Design of a novel wheelchair is used as an example to apply the proposed method from conceptual design to final design to meet sustainable design outlines. Environmental footprints of product components, including air acidification, energy consumption and carbon footprint, are evaluated in the material selection and manufacturing process.

A benchmark-based method for sustainable product design

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Hosseinpour ◽  
Qingjin Peng ◽  
Peihua Gu
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Carbon Equivalent ◽  
Sustainable Product Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Environmental Footprints ◽  
Sustainable Product ◽  
Competitive Products

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an effective approach to decide design details using benchmarking to capture the existing practice in sustainable design. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reports a systematic method for sustainable product design. The method uses benchmarks as references searching for design details to achieve sustainable solutions. Quality function deployment is used to guide the search process for competitive products using benchmarking to meet quantitative targets of product and to increase knowledge for sustainable design. Findings – The proposed method can meet both functional and sustainable requirements of product design. 18.55 percent reduction in carbon equivalent emissions is achieved compared to benchmarks in wheelchair design. The research reveals that when weight, material and number of components used in product decrease, environmental footprints and cost of the product improve. Originality/value – The research improves the existing method of sustainable product design. Both sustainable requirements and functional demands of product are identified from qualitative criteria to quantitative metrics using benchmarking and the life cycle assessment.

Truck Redesign Case: Simulating the Target Costing Process in a Product Design Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Everaert ◽  
Dan W. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Target Costing ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Goal Setting Theory ◽  
Setting Theory

ABSTRACT This active learning exercise simulates the target costing process and demonstrates how a management theory (goal setting theory) is relevant to a business improvement initiative (target costing). As part of the target costing simulation, student participants work in teams to address a business issue (product development) that moves across functional boundaries. The simulation begins with students learning how to assemble a model truck and calculate its product cost using activity-based costing. Students are then divided into teams and instructed to reduce the truck's cost through a redesign exercise, subject to certain customer requirements and quality constraints. Typically, the teams achieve cost reduction by eliminating unnecessary parts, by using less expensive parts, and by using less part variety. This exercise provides a unique opportunity for students to actively participate in a redesign exercise. It results in student teams creating a wide variety of truck designs with vastly different product costs. The case ends by having a discussion about target costing, goal setting theory, and the implications of the target costing simulation. This simulation contains a number of specific learning objectives. First, students learn how the greatest opportunity for cost reduction occurs during the product design stage of the product development cycle. Second, students see firsthand how design-change decisions affect a product's costs, and the role of the cost information in guiding those decisions. Third, students experience the cross-functional interaction that occurs between sales and marketing, design engineering, and accounting during product development. Finally, this exercise helps students understand the concept of target costing. The simulation is appropriate for undergraduate or graduate management accounting classes. Data Availability:  For more information about this case, contact the first author at [email protected].

scholarly journals Graphene-based 3D XNOR-VRRAM with ternary precision for neuromorphic computing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Batyrbek Alimkhanuly ◽  
Joon Sohn ◽  
Ik-Joon Chang ◽  
Seunghyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Neuromorphic Computing ◽  
Device Scaling ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRecent studies on neural network quantization have demonstrated a beneficial compromise between accuracy, computation rate, and architecture size. Implementing a 3D Vertical RRAM (VRRAM) array accompanied by device scaling may further improve such networks’ density and energy consumption. Individual device design, optimized interconnects, and careful material selection are key factors determining the overall computation performance. In this work, the impact of replacing conventional devices with microfabricated, graphene-based VRRAM is investigated for circuit and algorithmic levels. By exploiting a sub-nm thin 2D material, the VRRAM array demonstrates an improved read/write margins and read inaccuracy level for the weighted-sum procedure. Moreover, energy consumption is significantly reduced in array programming operations. Finally, an XNOR logic-inspired architecture designed to integrate 1-bit ternary precision synaptic weights into graphene-based VRRAM is introduced. Simulations on VRRAM with metal and graphene word-planes demonstrate 83.5 and 94.1% recognition accuracy, respectively, denoting the importance of material innovation in neuromorphic computing.

scholarly journals Life-Cycle Assessment of Carbon Footprint of Bike-Share and Bus Systems in Campus Transit

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Sishen Wang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Pengyu Xie ◽  
Xiaodan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Bus System ◽  
Bike Share

Low-carbon transport system is desired for sustainable cities. The study aims to compare carbon footprint of two transportation modes in campus transit, bus and bike-share systems, using life-cycle assessment (LCA). A case study was conducted for the four-campus (College Ave, Cook/Douglass, Busch, Livingston) transit system at Rutgers University (New Brunswick, NJ). The life-cycle of two systems were disaggregated into four stages, namely, raw material acquisition and manufacture, transportation, operation and maintenance, and end-of-life. Three uncertain factors—fossil fuel type, number of bikes provided, and bus ridership—were set as variables for sensitivity analysis. Normalization method was used in two impact categories to analyze and compare environmental impacts. The results show that the majority of CO2 emission and energy consumption comes from the raw material stage (extraction and upstream production) of the bike-share system and the operation stage of the campus bus system. The CO2 emission and energy consumption of the current campus bus system are 46 and 13 times of that of the proposed bike-share system, respectively. Three uncertain factors can influence the results: (1) biodiesel can significantly reduce CO2 emission and energy consumption of the current campus bus system; (2) the increased number of bikes increases CO2 emission of the bike-share system; (3) the increase of bus ridership may result in similar impact between two systems. Finally, an alternative hybrid transit system is proposed that uses campus buses to connect four campuses and creates a bike-share system to satisfy travel demands within each campus. The hybrid system reaches the most environmentally friendly state when 70% passenger-miles provided by campus bus and 30% by bike-share system. Further research is needed to consider the uncertainty of biking behavior and travel choice in LCA. Applicable recommendations include increasing ridership of campus buses and building a bike-share in campus to support the current campus bus system. Other strategies such as increasing parking fees and improving biking environment can also be implemented to reduce automobile usage and encourage biking behavior.

scholarly journals Decarbonization of Residential Building Energy Supply: Impact of Cogeneration System Performance on Energy, Environment, and Economics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Praveen K. Cheekatamarla
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
The Impact

Electrical and thermal loads of residential buildings present a unique opportunity for onsite power generation, and concomitant thermal energy generation, storage, and utilization, to decrease primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide intensity. This approach also improves resiliency and ability to address peak load burden effectively. Demand response programs and grid-interactive buildings are also essential to meet the energy needs of the 21st century while addressing climate impact. Given the significance of the scale of building energy consumption, this study investigates how cogeneration systems influence the primary energy consumption and carbon footprint in residential buildings. The impact of onsite power generation capacity, its electrical and thermal efficiency, and its cost, on total primary energy consumption, equivalent carbon dioxide emissions, operating expenditure, and, most importantly, thermal and electrical energy balance, is presented. The conditions at which a cogeneration approach loses its advantage as an energy efficient residential resource are identified as a function of electrical grid’s carbon footprint and primary energy efficiency. Compared to a heat pump heating system with a coefficient of performance (COP) of three, a 0.5 kW cogeneration system with 40% electrical efficiency is shown to lose its environmental benefit if the electrical grid’s carbon dioxide intensity falls below 0.4 kg CO2 per kWh electricity.

Proposed Method for Sustainability Development of Consumable Goods

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 1233-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pâmela Teixeira Fernandes ◽  
Osíris Canciglieri ◽  
Ângelo Márcio Oliveira Sant’Anna
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Sustainable Projects

This paper presents the findings of research exploring how designers could to evaluate and insert sustainability requirements in product design during the initial stages of the product development process. It describes the process of development of the method for sustainability consumable goods based from a literature review and explores its application in the development of packaging for cosmetic. The results show that the use of the method may be a promising solution for sustainable projects, providing the insertion of the reasoning for the inclusion of product development oriented to sustainability as a complement to traditional project requirements that existing in the models of product development.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF SUSTAINABLE DESIGN INTEGRATION BENEFITS AMONG INDUSTRY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT TEAMS: A CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2475-2484
Author(s):  
T. Chatty ◽  
J. Faludi
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Design Integration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Practice

AbstractHow do employees perceive the impact of incorporating sustainability considerations into their product development practice? In this case study, we observe how these perceptions can be shifted by teaching workshops on how to apply sustainable design methods in practice. We compare the trends for different methods on various dimensions such as creativity, design process time, product marketability etc. Results show an overall shift towards positive perception for all the methods on a majority of factors, indicating a way to ease the adoption of sustainable design into industry practice.

Application of Rapid Prototyping Technology in Product Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 3208-3211
Author(s):  
Dan Tong Li ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Jia Wen Deng ◽  
Ming Yu Huang ◽  
Xiao Feng Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Product Design ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
New Product ◽  
Mechanical Parts

The rapid prototyping technology was introduced, including its definition, principle and characteristics. The advantages of rapid prototyping technology in new product development were analyzed. Application of rapid prototyping technology in design of mechanical parts, industrial model, medical model, ceramic products, automobile model and products based on ergonomics was discussed. The feasibility of rapid prototyping technology in product design and the optimization direction was prospected.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document