A Comparison of Quarter, Half and Full Vehicle Models With Experimental Ride Comfort Data

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman A. Hamersma ◽  
Schalk Els
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Computational Capability ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
Vertical Translation

The ride comfort of a vehicle is one of the first parameters used to evaluate its performance. Ride comfort has been one of the important research topics since the dawn of the automobile. With the improvement in computational capability, vehicle engineers have modeled vehicles with increasing complexity. Initially vehicles were simplified to quarter car models, where a quarter of the vehicle was modeled with two degrees of freedom (the vertical translation of the sprung and unsprung masses). The “pitch-bounce” model has four degrees of freedom, representing the pitch rotation and vertical translation (bounce) of the vehicle body and chassis and the vertical translation of the front and rear axles and wheels. Finally, with the development of multi-body systems (MBS) software, there is the possibility to model the full vehicle with suspension kinematics and numerous degrees of freedom. The full vehicle model used for this study has 15 unconstrained degrees of freedom and experimentally determined center of mass and inertias. This paper compares the response of a quarter car, pitch-bounce and full vehicle model with the measured response of an actual vehicle.

Robust Sliding Mode Control of a Full Vehicle Without Suspension Gap Loss

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1357-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yagiz ◽  
L. E. Sakman
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Mode Control

A seven-degrees-of-freedom full vehicle model is used to design a robust controller and to investigate the performance of active suspensions without losing the suspension working space. Zero reference for vehicle body displacement finishes suspension working distance. Thus, a new approach is suggested in this paper. Force actuators are placed parallel to the suspensions and non-chattering sliding mode control is applied. Since any change in vehicle parameters because of different load or road conditions adversely affects the performance of the ordinary control methods, a robust control method is preferred. To obtain the desired improvement in ride comfort, we aim to decrease the magnitudes of the body vibrations and their accelerations. We present body bounce, pitch and roll motions of the vehicle with the conventional approach and the proposed approach without suspension gap loss, both in the time domain in the case of traveling over a step road profile and in the frequency domain. The results of both approaches are compared. The solution to the suspension gap loss problem has also been presented on periodic road surfaces. At the end of the paper, we discuss the improvement in the performance of the new controller with its robust behavior and the advantage of the new approach.

Motorcycle Analytical Modeling Including Tire–Wheel Nonuniformities for Ride Comfort Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus de B. Vallim ◽  
José M. C. Dos Santos ◽  
Argemiro L. A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Rotational Frequency ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
4 Degrees Of Freedom

ABSTRACT The transmission of vibrations in motorcycles and their perception by the passengers are fundamental in comfort analysis. Tire nonuniformities can generate self-excitations at the rotational frequency of the wheel and contribute to the ride vibration environment. In this work a multi-body motorcycle model is built to evaluate the ride comfort with respect to tire nonuniformities. The aim is to obtain a multi–degrees-of-freedom dynamic model that includes both the contributions of the motorcycle and tire–wheel assembly structures. This representation allows the tire nonuniformities to predict the vertical force variations on the motorcycle and can be used through a root mean square acceleration evaluation for ride comfort analysis. The motorcycle model proposed is a 10-degrees-of-freedom system, where each tire–wheel is a 4-degrees-of-freedom model. The tire–wheel assemblies include two types of nonuniformities: lumped mass imbalance and radial run-out. Simulations of analytical models are compared with experimental tests.

Golden Section Search Based Optimization of Road Vehicle Suspension System

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Bali ◽  
C.V. Chandrashekara
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Golden Section ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Vehicle Handling ◽  
Golden Section Search ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Quarter Car

Suspension system is an important part of a vehicle which connects the road wheels and vehicle body. The major function of suspension is to isolate vehicle body from road disturbances. The design of suspension system is generally a compromise between many design requirements that aim to provide a comfortable ride and good vehicle handling. An optimization technique is used to choose the suspension parameters that meet these design requirements. In this present work a two degree of freedom quarter car vehicle vibration model is considered for optimization. Sprung mass acceleration and relative displacement of quarter car are considered as the measure of ride comfort and vehicle handling respectively. Golden section search optimization technique is used for single objective optimization of quarter car considering sprung mass acceleration as objective function and relative displacement as constraint. It is noticed that the accuracy level in getting the optimized value using this approach is comparatively high and reliable..

Research of Automobile Tire Vertical Stiffness Optimization Method on the Basis of ADAMS/Car

2013 ◽  
Vol 561 ◽  
pp. 527-532
Author(s):  
Ze Peng Wang ◽  
Zhen Yu ◽  
Ke Li
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Automobile Tire ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Stiffness Optimization ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

Because Tire not only impact on the handling stability of vehicle but also impact on the ride comfort, it is more practical significant that tire vertical stiffness parameters on handling stability and ride of vehicle impact is considered synthetically than considering handling stability and ride singly. In this paper, full vehicle model was built on the basis of ADAMS/Car. The vertical stiffness of tire was only changed and other parameters remain unchanged, then full vehicle analysis was carried out to get the simulation curves. The impact of the vertical stiffness of tires on the handling and stability and ride comfort was obtained from the curves of simulation. The tires of optimized vertical stiffness can be obtained from the comparison of simulation results. Analytical results can be conductive to designing and producing the tire.

OPTIMAL FUZZY CONTROL OF A SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION OF A FULL-VEHICLE MODEL USING MR DAMPERS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (07n09) ◽  
pp. 1513-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAO WANG ◽  
HAIYAN HU
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Restoring Force ◽  
Mr Dampers ◽  
Full Vehicle

MR (Magneto-Rheological) dampers have turned out to be a promising device for improving the ride comfort of ground vehicles. However, the current control algorithms for MR dampers, including on-off control and clipped-optimal control, are not sufficiently effective. This paper presents a fuzzy control strategy for an MR damper in order to determine the input voltage according to the desired restoring force. It then goes on using this new strategy to reduce the suspension vibration of a full-vehicle model equipped with 4 MR dampers, where the desired restoring forces are determined through the optimal control of suspension system. The numerical simulations indicate that the optimal fuzzy control can effectively reduce the suspension vibration of the full-vehicle model, especially the pitch angular acceleration and the roll angular acceleration of the sprung mass, and offers better ride comfort, running safety and handling stability than the clipped-optimal control. The design of the fuzzy controller is independent of the control system. Furthermore, fuzzy controller can also be extended to other applications of MR dampers, together with other control strategies.

A Novel Performance Analysis Method for a Full Vehicle Suspension Based on Quarter Car Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Wu ◽  
Lei Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Car Model ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Quarter Car

In vehicle dynamics researchers traditionally investigate the suspension performance based on a quarter car model and then reestablish a comprehensive model for the full car by considering additional degrees of freedom (DOF). Based on the derivation of the coupling ratios between the sprung mass of a full car and four sprung masses of quarter cars, the analysis of a full vehicle dynamics with fourteen DOFs in vertical and lateral directions is possible. The full car model can be expressed by four independent quarter car models. An analysis method will be investigated in order to provide a novel performance estimation for a full vehicle suspension. The case study shows that the vibrations of a full vehicle can be quantitatively obtained based on the test results of quarter suspensions.

Influence of Vehicle Suspension System on Ride Comfort

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Jun Zhong Xia ◽  
Zong Po Ma ◽  
Shu Min Li ◽  
Xiang Bi An
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Active Suspensions ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Vehicle Suspension System

This paper focuses on the influence of various vehicle suspension systems on ride comfort. A vehicle model with eight degrees of freedom is introduced. With this model, various types of non-linear suspensions such as active and semi-active suspensions are investigated. From this investigation, we draw the conclusion that the active and semi-active suspensions models are beneficial for ride comfort.

A new coordinated control strategy for tracked vehicle ride comfort

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Amir Khajepour ◽  
Yanjun Huang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Chen Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Magnetorheological Damper ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Tracked Vehicle ◽  
Multi Body

To improve tracked vehicle ride comfort and minimize weapon's vibration, a coordinated control strategy is developed for tracked vehicles' semi-active suspension systems. A model with eight degrees-of-freedom for a tracked vehicle equipped with magnetorheological dampers is established, and is followed by the formulation of a sliding mode controller. The proposed control algorithm is a localized-based controller that can change its target location in the tracked vehicle to where it is needed most. A co-simulation system model including a six-wheel tracked vehicle multi-body dynamics model, coordinated control strategy, and magnetorheological damper force allocator is developed to analyze the ride performance under bump and random road excitations. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy is very effective in improving the vehicle's ride performance and is much better than the traditional skyhook controllers. The innovation of this paper can be concluded as the coordinated control strategy can simultaneously improve vertical acceleration and pitch acceleration for the hull, which is of great importance for combat situations.

A Full Vehicle Model for the Development of a Variable Camber Suspension

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Kuwayama ◽  
Fernando Baldoni ◽  
Federico Cheli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Multi Body

The accuracy of the recent vehicle dynamics simulation technology, represented by Multi-Body Simulations along with reliable tire models, has been remarkably progressing and provides reasonable simulation results not only for conventional passive vehicles but also for advanced active vehicles equipped with electronic components; however, when it comes to advanced vehicle applications with complex active systems, the complexity causes a longer simulation time. On the other hand, even though simple numerical vehicle simulation models such as single-track, two-track and a dozen degrees of freedom (dofs) models can provide less information than those of multi-body models, they are still appreciated by specific applications particularly the ones related to the development of active systems. The advantages of these numerical simulation models lie in the simulation platform, namely the Matlab/Simulink environment, which is suitable for modeling electronic components. In this paper, an 18 dofs vehicle model has been proposed for the development of a type of active suspension named Variable Camber which has an additional degree of freedom in camber angle direction and a description of the models and some preliminary results are reported: the control strategy for the variable camber suspension will be published ([3]). The model can reproduce a passive vehicle with a passive suspension as well; all the necessary dimensions, parameters, and physical properties are derived from a specific multi-body full vehicle model which has been fully validated with respect to a real one on the track. As for a tire model, Magic Formula 5.2 has been implemented on both the numerical and the multi-body vehicle models respectively so that the same tire model can be applied.

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