Development of a Fac¸ade Evaluation Facility for Experimental Study of Building Energy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendell Concina ◽  
Suresh B. Sadineni ◽  
Robert F. Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cooling Loads

The goal of the project is to evaluate various types of facades’ behavior and effects on building energy, focused primarily on building fenestrations such as windows. Development of the fac¸ade evaluation facility and requirements are presented in this paper. The test facility is a complete standalone unit designed to replicate a section of a building. Accommodation for facilitating a wide range of fenestrations was an important criterion. An effective solution was developed that allowed instant interchangeability of the fac¸ade setup. Although, due south orientated facades was of primary interest, integration of a rotating carousel base allowed flexibility in adjusting the orientation of the test facility. Experimental procedures and instrumentation layout are discussed in detail. The temperature of the indoor environment is continuously controlled and monitored. The measured fenestration characteristics include thermal and optical properties of the windows. The test results reveal the fenestration performance. The outcome of these tests enumerates the effects of the fac¸ade on the overall heating and cooling loads of buildings. Further investigation into these characteristics assists in improving building energy efficiency. Due to the versatility of the facility, quick replacement of the fac¸ade can accommodate several tests in short durations of time. Furthermore, correlation of the results can be scaled appropriately for residential or commercial settings providing practical information for wide utilization, contingent upon the window type.

scholarly journals Impact of Window to Wall Ratio on Energy Loads in Hot Regions: A Study of Building Energy Performance

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Mamdooh Alwetaishi ◽  
Omrane Benjeddou
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Heating And Cooling

The concern regarding local responsive building design has gained more attention globally as of late. This is due to the issue of the rapid increase in energy consumption in buildings for the purpose of heating and cooling. This has become a crucial issue in educational buildings and especially in schools. The major issue in school buildings in Saudi Arabia is that they are a form of prototype school building design (PSBD). As a result, if there is any concern in the design stage and in relation to the selection of building materials, this will spread throughout the region. In addition to that, the design is repeated regardless of the climate variation within the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This research will focus on the influence of the window to wall ratio on the energy load in various orientations and different climatic regions. The research will use the energy computer tool TAS Environmental Design Solution Limited (EDSL) to calculate the energy load as well as solar gain. During the visit to the sample schools, a globe thermometer will be used to monitor the globe temperature in the classrooms. This research introduces a framework to assist architects and engineers in selecting the proper window to wall ratio (WWR) in each direction within the same building based on adequate natural light with a minimum reliance on energy load. For ultimate WWR for energy performance and daylight, the WWR should range from 20% to 30%, depending on orientation, in order to provide the optimal daylight factor combined with building energy efficiency. This ratio can be slightly greater in higher altitude locations.

scholarly journals A Study of Optimal Specifications for Light Shelves with Photovoltaic Modules to Improve Indoor Comfort and Save Building Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2574
Author(s):  
Heangwoo Lee ◽  
Xiaolong Zhao ◽  
Janghoo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Recent studies on light shelves found that building energy efficiency could be maximized by applying photovoltaic (PV) modules to light shelf reflectors. Although PV modules generate a substantial amount of heat and change the consumption of indoor heating and cooling energy, performance evaluations carried out thus far have not considered these factors. This study validated the effectiveness of PV module light shelves and determined optimal specifications while considering heating and cooling energy savings. A full-scale testbed was built to evaluate performance according to light shelf variables. The uniformity ratio was found to improve according to the light shelf angle value and decreased as the PV module installation area increased. It was determined that PV modules should be considered in the design of light shelves as their daylighting and concentration efficiency change according to their angles. PV modules installed on light shelves were also found to change the indoor cooling and heating environment; the degree of such change increased as the area of the PV module increased. Lastly, light shelf specifications for reducing building energy, including heating and cooling energy, were not found to apply to PV modules since PV modules on light shelf reflectors increase building energy consumption.

Prediction and Analysis of Building Energy Efficiency Using Artificial Neural Network and Design of Experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sholahudin ◽  
Azimil Gani Alam ◽  
Chang In Baek ◽  
Hwataik Han
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Heating Load ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Cooling Loads

Energy consumption of buildings is increasing steadily and occupying approximately 30-40% of total energy use. It is important to predict heating and cooling loads of a building in the initial stage of design to find out optimal solutions among various design options, as well as in the operating stage after the building has been completed for energy efficient operation. In this paper, an artificial neural network model has been developed to predict heating and cooling loads of a building based on simulation data for building energy performance. The input variables include relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, orientation, glazing area, and glazing area distribution of a building, and the output variables include heating load (HL) and cooling load (CL) of the building. The simulation data used for training are the data published in the literature for various 768 residential buildings. ANNs have a merit in estimating output values for given input values satisfactorily, but it has a limitation in acquiring the effects of input variables individually. In order to analyze the effects of the variables, we used a method for design of experiment and conducted ANOVA analysis. The sensitivities of individual variables have been investigated and the most energy efficient solution has been estimated under given conditions. Discussions are included in the paper regarding the variables affecting heating load and cooling load significantly and the effects on heating and cooling loads of residential buildings.

Configuration of Building Façade Surface for Seasonal Selectiveness of Solar Irradiation—Absorption and Reflection

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Naraghi ◽  
Adrien Harant
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Model ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Specular Reflectance ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Building Facade ◽  
Small Depth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Reflectivity ◽  
Cooling Loads

A novel building façade surface configuration is proposed. This façade consists of grooved cavities that are configured in a manner that reflects summer (cooling season) insolation and absorbs winter (heating season) insolation. The effective absorptivities of the façade for various cavity reflectance characteristics, i.e., a wide range of diffuse and specular reflectance characteristics, are evaluated using a Monte Carlo model. It was determined that the best cavity surface reflectivity has fully diffuse surfaces and an absorptivity about 0.7. This reflectance characteristic of the cavities results in a small depth of the façade cavities and thicker divider wedge between adjacent cavities. The calculations in the present work are performed for a location proximate to the latitude of 41 deg N where both heating and cooling loads are significant. The same model can be applied to locations with different latitudes and building heating and cooling loads, which may result in slightly different cavity configurations and effective absorptivities.

scholarly journals Impact of orientation and building envelope characteristics on energy consumption case study of office building in city of Nis

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 5) ◽  
pp. 1499-1509
Author(s):  
Miomir Vasov ◽  
Jelena Stevanovic ◽  
Veliborka Bogdanovic ◽  
Marko Ignjatovic ◽  
Dusan Randjelovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Heating And Cooling

Buildings are one of the biggest energy consumers in urban environments, so its efficient use represents a constant challenge. In public objects and households, a large part of the energy is used for heating and cooling. The orientation of the object, as well as the overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of transparent and non-transparent parts of the envelope, can have a significant impact on building energy needs. In this paper, analysis of the influence of different orientations, U-values of envelope elements, and size of windows on annual heating and cooling energy for an office building in city of Nis, Serbia, is presented. Model of the building was made in the Google SketchUp software, while the results of energy performance were obtained using EnergyPlus and jEplus, taking into ac-count the parameters of thermal comfort and climatic data for the area of city of Nis. Obtained results showed that, for varied parameters, the maximum difference in annual heating energy is 15129.4 kWh, i. e per m2 27.75 kWh/m2, while the maximum difference in annual cooling energy is 14356.1 kWh, i. e per m2 26.33 kWh/m2. Considering that differences in energy consumption are significant, analysis of these parameters in the early stage of design process can affect on increase of building energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Validation of the simplified heat conduction model of EN ISO 52016-1

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012136
Author(s):  
G De Luca ◽  
I Ballarini ◽  
F G M Bianco Mauthe Degerfeld ◽  
V Corrado
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Conduction Model ◽  
Heat Conduction Model ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The issue of improving the building energy efficiency led to the development of calculation methods for the building energy performance assessment. To overcome the low accessibility to detailed input data, the recently introduced EN ISO 52016-1 hourly method is based on assumptions and simplifications chosen to allow a sufficient accuracy in the outcomes with a low amount of input data. Among these assumptions, a simplified mass distribution in the envelope components is considered. In the present work, the hypothesis of the simplified heat conduction model introduced by the EN ISO 52016-1 technical standard and an improved solution provided by its Italian National Annex were evaluated. In particular, the accuracy in the prediction of the internal surface temperature was assessed in comparison with a detailed finite difference conduction algorithm. The validation was performed for 5 opaque component test cases, covering a wide range of areal heat capacity values, by considering both internal and external thermal constraints (e.g. variation of the air temperature). For the structures and boundary conditions considered, results reveal that the standard algorithm allows to predict the internal surface temperatures with a valuable level of accuracy compared to the finite difference algorithm.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Factors Affecting Technical and Economic Indicators of Thermal Insulation of External Walls of Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.3) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Kolomiiets Yulyia ◽  
Dzhalalov Dzhalalov Mykhayl ◽  
Kulishenko Tamara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Hot Water Supply ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators

The technology of insulation of enclosing constructions of buildings and constructions is characterized. The method of technological design on the basis of integrated production of technological processes, estimation and influence of organizational and technological reliability of building production depending on methods, technologies and constructive decisions is given.The data collection for the energy certificate of the building is shown. Energy certificate of the building is a document containing the geometrical, energy and heat engineering characteristics of the building being designed or operated, as well as the characteristics of the heat insulation. This document also establishes the compliance of the building with the requirements of regulatory documents. The energy passport of the building is not intended to be used to make payments for utility or other services provided to homeowners, tenants and apartment owners.Energy assessment of the building - energy efficiency of buildings should be determined on the basis of estimated or actual annual energy consumption necessary to meet various needs associated with its typical use in the building. These needs should include the energy consumption for heating and cooling to maintain the desired temperature, as well as hot water supply.  

scholarly journals Experimental Validation of Water Flow Glazing: Transient Response in Real Test Rooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belen Moreno Santamaria ◽  
Fernando del Ama Gonzalo ◽  
Benito Lauret Aguirregabiria ◽  
Juan A. Hernandez Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Building Energy Management ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Solar Control ◽  
Cooling Loads

The extensive use of glass in modern architecture has increased the heating and cooling loads in buildings. Recent studies have presented water flow glazing (WFG) envelopes as an alternative building energy management system to reduce energy consumption and improve thermal comfort in buildings. Currently, commercial software for thermal simulation does not include WFG as a façade material. This article aims to validate a new building simulation tool developed by the authors. Simulation results were compared with real data from a scale prototype composed of two twin cabins with different glazing envelopes: a Reference double glazing with solar-control coating and a triple water flow glazing. The results showed a good agreement between the simulation and the real data from the prototype. The mean percentage error of the indoor temperature cabin was lower than 5.5% and 3.2% in the WFG cabin and in the Reference glazing one, respectively. The indoor air temperature of the WFG cabin was 5 °C lower than the Reference one in a free-floating temperature regime when the outdoor air temperature was 35 °C and the maximum value of solar radiation was above 700 W/m2. WFG has energy-saving potential and is worthy of further research into the standardization of its manufacturing process and its ability to increase building occupants’ comfort.

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