A Slug Damper for Compact Separators

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Flow Fluctuations ◽  
Short Period

A common concern with the reduced capacity of compact gas/liquid separators, such as the GLCC©, is that flow fluctuations are passed through the separator with little dampening. Rate sensitive devices, e.g., meters, hydrocyclones, etc., located downstream of the compact separator often have a desired turn-down of less than 10 to 1. However, in slug flow, the instantaneous liquid flow rate in the body of a slug can easily exceed 10 times the average liquid flow rate, with a dynamic range closer to 100 to 1. Consequently, use of the GLCC requires careful consideration of the downstream systems and their susceptibility to flow fluctuations. The slug damper was developed to reduce the magnitude of short period flow fluctuations by providing an inexpensive way of increasing liquid retaining capacity of the inlet piping to the GLCC. These preliminary results show that the slug damper system does indeed dramatically reduce exiting flow rate fluctuations from incoming slug flow. Furthermore, the slug damper performed in a predictable manner with no observed instabilities or unusual operation modes.

Towards Understanding Two-Phase Flow Induced Vibration of Piping Structure With Flow Restricting Orifices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi E. Bamidele ◽  
Wael H. Ahmed ◽  
Marwan Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Velocity ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Induced Vibration ◽  
Two Phase

The current work studies air-water flow through a ½-inch flow restricting orifice installed in a 1-inch pipe. Investigation of two phase flow downstream the orifice and its effects on vibration of the piping structure have been carried out. Several flow regimes from bubbly to stratified-wavy flow have been analyzed to evaluate the effects of flow pattern, phase redistribution, bubble frequency, and liquid flow rate on the vibration of the structure. The liquid velocity fields have been obtained using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) along with post processing algorithm for phase discrimination. Proximity sensors have been used to capture the pipe response in two orthogonal directions. Also, a capacitance sensor was used to measure the two-phase void fraction. The results show that the magnitude and nature of vibrations of the piping structure is largely affected by the frequency and size of the bubbles upstream, vortex creation by pressure fluctuation downstream, liquid flow rate, and the flow pattern upstream. Slug flow and stratified flow patterns induced significant vibrations in the examined structure. The location of the transition region of slug flow on flow pattern maps, play important role in the dynamic response of the structure to the flow.

Absorption of oxygen into solutions of polymers

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 2127-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Potůček ◽  
Jiří Stejskal
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Flow Curve ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Newtonian Liquids

Absorption of oxygen into water and aqueous solutions of poly(acrylamides) was studied in an absorber with a wetted sphere. The effects of changes in the liquid flow rate and the polymer concentration on the liquid side mass transfer coefficient were examined. The results are expressed by correlations between dimensionless criteria modified for non-Newtonian liquids whose flow curve can be described by the Ostwald-de Waele model.

scholarly journals Effects of water salinity on the foam dynamics for EOR application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rudyk ◽  
Sami Al-Khamisi ◽  
Yahya Al-Wahaibi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Porous System ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Total Flow ◽  
Total Flow Rate ◽  
Foam Flow

AbstractFactors limiting foam injection for EOR application are exceptionally low rock permeability and exceedingly high salinity of the formation water. In this regard, foam formation using internal olefin sulfonate is investigated over a wide salinity range (1, 5, 8, 10, and 12% NaCl) through 10 mD limestone. The relationships between pressure drop (dP), apparent viscosity, liquid flow rate, total flow rate, salinity, foam texture, and length of foam drops at the outlet used as an indicator of viscosity are studied. Foaming is observed up to 12% NaCl, compared to a maximum of 8% NaCl in similar core-flooding experiments with 50 mD limestone and 255 mD sandstone. Thus, the salinity limit of foam formation has increased significantly due to the low permeability, which can be explained by the fact that the narrow porous system acts like a membrane with smaller holes. Compared to the increasing dP reported for highly permeable rocks, dP linearly decreases in almost the entire range of gas fraction (fg) at 1–10% NaCl. As fg increases, dP at higher total flow rate is higher at all salinities, but the magnitude of dP controls the dependence of apparent viscosity on total flow rate. Low dP is measured at 1% and 10% NaCl, and high dP is measured at 5, 8, and 12% NaCl. In the case of low dP, the apparent viscosity is higher at higher total flow rate with increasing gas fraction, but similar at two total flow rates with increasing liquid flow rate. In the case of high dP, the apparent viscosity is higher at lower total flow rate, both with an increase in the gas fraction and with an increase in the liquid flow rate. A linear correlation is found between dP or apparent viscosity and liquid flow rate, which defines it as a governing factor of foam flow and can be considered when modeling foam flow.

Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flows on Wetted Walls

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Iso ◽  
Xi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Transition ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Wall Flows ◽  
Rivulet Flow

Gas-liquid two-phase flows on the wall like liquid film flows, which are the so-called wetted wall flows, are observed in many industrial processes such as absorption, desorption, distillation and others. For the optimum design of packed columns widely used in those kind of processes, the accurate predictions of the details on the wetted wall flow behavior in packing elements are important, especially in order to enhance the mass transfer between the gas and liquid and to prevent flooding and channeling of the liquid flow. The present study focused on the effects of the change of liquid flow rate and the wall surface texture treatments on the characteristics of wetted wall flows which have the drastic flow transition between the film flow and rivulet flow. In this paper, the three-dimensional gas-liquid two-phase flow simulation by using the volume of fluid (VOF) model is applied into wetted wall flows. Firstly, as one of new interesting findings in this paper, present results showed that the hysteresis of the flow transition between the film flow and rivulet flow arose against the increasing or decreasing stages of the liquid flow rate. It was supposed that this transition phenomenon depends on the history of flow pattern as the change of curvature of interphase surface which leads to the surface tension. Additionally, the applicability and accuracy of the present numerical simulation were validated by using the existing experimental and theoretical studies with smooth wall surface. Secondary, referring to the texture geometry used in an industrial packing element, the present simulations showed that surface texture treatments added on the wall can improve the prevention of liquid channeling and can increase the wetted area.

New approach to maintaining liquid flow rate stability in national primary standard

2021 ◽  
pp. 101930
Author(s):  
N.I. Mikheev ◽  
V.M. Molochnikov ◽  
D.V. Kratirov ◽  
O.A. Dushina ◽  
A.A. Paereliy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
New Approach ◽  
National Primary Standard

The ukrainian state standard for the liquid flow rate unit

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-650
Author(s):  
V. B. Bol’shakov ◽  
N. I. Kosach
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
State Standard ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate

Simulation of Liquid-Gas Replacement in Commissioning Process for Large-Slope Crude Oil Pipeline

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Jing Gong ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Shaojun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Oil Pipeline

Pipeline commissioning, which is a key link from engineering construction to production operation, is aim to fill an empty pipe by injecting water or oil to push air out of it. For a large-slope crude oil pipeline with great elevation differences, air is fairly easy to entrap at downward inclined parts. The entrapped air, which is also called air pocket, will cause considerable damage on pumps and pipes. The presence of it may also bring difficulties in tracking the location of the liquid head or the interface between oil and water. It is the accumulated air that needed to be exhausted in time during commissioning. This paper focuses on the simulation of liquid-gas replacement in commissioning process that only liquid flow rate exists while gas stays stagnant in the pipe and is demanded to be replaced by liquid. Few previous researches have been found yet in this area. Consequently, the flow in a V-section pipeline consisted of a downhill segment and a subsequent uphill one is used here for studying both the formation and exhaustion behaviors of the intake air. The existing two-fluid model and simplified non-pressure wave model for gas-liquid stratified flow are applied to performance the gas formation and accumulation. The exhausting process is deemed to be a period in which the elongated bubble (Taylor bubble) is fragmented into dispersed small bubbles. A mathematical model to account for gas entrainment into liquid slug is proposed, implemented and incorporated in a computational procedure. By taking into account the comprehensive effects of liquid flow rate, fluid properties, surface tension, and inclination angle, the characteristics of the air section such as the length, pressure and mass can be calculated accurately. The model was found to show satisfactory predictions when tested in a pipeline. The simulation studies can provide theoretical support and guidance for field engineering application, which are meanwhile capable of helping detect changes in parameters of gas section. Thus corresponding control measures can be adopted timely and appropriately in commissioning process.

Liquid Flow Rate Distribution in Trickle Bed with Non-Uniformly Packed Structure.

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meisen Li ◽  
Yoshiyuki Bando ◽  
Kenji Suzuki ◽  
Keiji Yasuda ◽  
Masaaki Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Rate Distribution ◽  
Packed Structure ◽  
Trickle Bed

Effect of working pressure, travel speed and nozzle wear rate on spray quality of different flat fan nozzles

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Eleonóra Kecskés-Nagy ◽  
Milan Koszel ◽  
István Sztachó-Pekáry
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Nozzle Wear ◽  
Mean Diameter

The objective of the work was to determine the influence of working pressure and working speed on drop tracks size and changes in flow rate of flat fan nozzles. New nozzles and nozzles after laboratory wear were tested. The influence of nozzles wear on drop tracks size was tested. It was found that the increase in liquid flow rate resulted in higher values of mean diameter of the droplet track. The increase in working pressure or working speed causes decrease in drop tracks size and reduction in merging of droplets on sprayed surface. The increase of the wear was followed by increased coverage rate. This phenomenon is especially dangerous when using nozzles with a considerable wear for agricultural spraying since this causes ecological threat to environment.

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