Technical Economic Evaluation of a System for Electricity Production With CO2 Capture Using a Membrane Reformer With Permeate Side Combustion

Author(s):  
G. Manzolini ◽  
J. W. Dijkstra ◽  
E. Macchi ◽  
D. Jansen

The paper investigates the application of a novel concept, based on a membrane reactor with permeate side combustion (MRPC), to capture CO2, in a natural gas fuelled power plant. The MRPC combines the steam reforming reaction on the feed side and hydrogen separation through a dense hydrogen selective membrane, with combustion of part of the permeated hydrogen, using a mixture of steam, nitrogen and air as a sweep gas. The remaining hydrogen permeated is used in the gas turbine of the combined cycle. The unconverted fuel in the high pressure CO2 rich stream exiting from the membrane reactor is burned with oxygen to permit carbon dioxide sequestration. The thermodynamic performance and economic prospects of a power plant incorporating MRPC are investigated, with a sensitivity analysis on several parameters involved. The membrane surface area required is calculated using a membrane reactor model. The final results indicate a carbon capture ratio of 100% and a net overall efficiency close to 50%. If compared to a conventional natural gas fuelled combined cycle without CO2 capture, this technology leads to an increase in cost of electricity of about 30% and a CO2 avoidance cost of about 30 €/tCO2.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rodolfo Lacy Tamayo

Early projects of Carbon Capture, Use and Geological Storage (CCUS) could be feasible when fossil fuel-power plants are close to oil and gas reservoirs where CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technologies are applicable. This Thesis includes estimates for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused in a hypothetical CCUS case with a Natural Gas Combined Cycle power plant (NGCC), which were obtained by using Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. This research comprises a comparison with other electricity-generation technologies, including Super Critical Pulverized Carbon (SCPC), NGCC without CO2 capture, geothermal, mini-hydro, wind and nuclear ones. The LCA stages that were undertaken in this study were natural gas supply system, electricity generation, CO2 capture, CO2 transport, EOR operations and environmental monitoring. Three different functional units were used in this study: MJ, kWh and produced oil barrel (bbl). Results indicate that energy produced by the described CCUS system has an environmental impact on climate change of 0.044 kgCO2e/MJ. The NGCC power plant with carbon capture unit would produce 0.177 kgCO2e/kWh, representing about 21% and 36% of the estimated values for the SCPC and NGCC (without CCS) cases respectively, and about 24% less greenhouse gas emissions than the geothermal scenario. The oil produced in the EOR activity has a greenhouse gas emissions of 38 kgCO2e/bbl, 37% less than the historical average in the US. In a “well to well” approach, closing the carbon cycle during primary energy production may become a competitive technology to renewable energy sources.


Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Yachi Gao ◽  
Hui Lv ◽  
Gang Xu ◽  
Shijie Dong

Although carbon mitigation in power industry is attracting more and more attention around the world, the large scale application of carbon capture technology is obstructed because of the enormous energy consumption and huge capital investment required. In this study, an integrated system with power generation, CO2 capture and heat supply are proposed, which adopts three measures to reutilize the waste heat released from the CO2 capture process, including extracted steam recirculation, a CO2 Rankine cycle and a radiant floor heat subsystem. Amongst these measures, the radiant floor heat subsystem can efficiently reuse the relatively low temperature waste energy in the absorbent cooler. Through thermodynamic analysis, it is determined that the power output of the new integrated system is 19.48 MW higher compared with the decarbonization Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plant without system integration. On the other hand, 247.59 MW of heat can be recovered through the radiant floor heat subsystem, leading to an improved overall energy efficiency of 73.6%. In terms of the economic performance, the integration requires only 2.6% more capital investment than a decarbonization NGCC power plant without system integration and obtains extra revenue of 3.40 $/MWh from the simultaneous heat supply, which reduces the cost of CO2 avoided by 22.3%. The results prove the economic and efficiency potential of a NGCC power plant integrated with carbon capture, which may promote the industrial demonstration of carbon capture theology.


2014 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 2394-2401
Author(s):  
Satoshi Saito ◽  
Norihide Egami ◽  
Toshihisa Kiyokuni ◽  
Mitsuru Udatsu ◽  
Hideo Kitamura ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen ◽  
Chris Hall

This paper describes a gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plant system, which addresses the three key design challenges of postcombustion CO2 capture from the stack gas of a GTCC power plant using aqueous amine-based scrubbing method by offering the following: (i) low heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) stack gas temperature, (ii) increased HRSG stack gas CO2 content, and (iii) decreased HRSG stack gas O2 content. This is achieved by combining two bottoming cycle modifications in an inventive manner, i.e., (i) high supplementary (duct) firing in the HRSG and (ii) recirculation of the HRSG stack gas. It is shown that, compared to an existing natural gas-fired GTCC power plant with postcombustion capture, it is possible to reduce the CO2 capture penalty—power diverted away from generation—by almost 65% and the overall capital cost ($/kW) by about 35%.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2161-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Siegelman ◽  
Phillip J. Milner ◽  
Eugene J. Kim ◽  
Simon C. Weston ◽  
Jeffrey R. Long

As natural gas supplies a growing share of global primary energy, new research efforts are needed to develop adsorbents for carbon capture from gas-fired power plants alongside efforts targeting emissions from coal-fired plants.


2017 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 04017025
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan Huang ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Chaowen Jing ◽  
Hongguang An ◽  
Yiying Tong ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Stéphanie Hoffmann ◽  
Michael Bartlett ◽  
Matthias Finkenrath ◽  
Andrei Evulet ◽  
Tord Peter Ursin

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of advanced combined cycle gas turbine plants with precombustion capture of CO2 from natural gas. In particular, the designs are carried out with the objectives of high efficiency, low capital cost, and low emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The novel cycles introduced in this paper are comprised of a high-pressure syngas generation island, in which an air-blown partial oxidation reformer is used to generate syngas from natural gas, and a power island, in which a CO2-lean syngas is burnt in a large frame machine. In order to reduce the efficiency penalty of natural gas reforming, a significant effort is spent evaluating and optimizing alternatives to recover the heat released during the process. CO2 is removed from the shifted syngas using either CO2 absorbing solvents or a CO2 membrane. CO2 separation membranes, in particular, have the potential for considerable cost or energy savings compared with conventional solvent-based separation and benefit from the high-pressure level of the syngas generation island. A feasibility analysis and a cycle performance evaluation are carried out for large frame gas turbines such as the 9FB. Both short-term and long-term solutions have been investigated. An analysis of the cost of CO2 avoided is presented, including an evaluation of the cost of modifying the combined cycle due to CO2 separation. The paper describes a power plant reaching the performance targets of 50% net cycle efficiency and 80% CO2 capture, as well as the cost target of 30$ per ton of CO2 avoided (2006 Q1 basis). This paper indicates a development path to this power plant that minimizes technical risks by incremental implementation of new technology.


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