Design and Analysis of Radial Turbine for Turbocharger Application

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathan Raghavan Desikan ◽  
David John Rajendran ◽  
Sharad Kapil ◽  
Seepana Venkata Ramana Murty ◽  
Deshkulkarni Kishore Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Turbine Wheel ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Radial Turbines

Turbochargers are used in internal combustion engines to increase their volumetric efficiency and power. Turbochargers consist of a centrifugal compressor driven by a radial turbine. Radial turbines convert the excess kinetic energy in the exhaust gases to power. Vane less radial turbine consists of a volute and a turbine wheel. It is preferred because of its low cost, robustness and good off-design performance. In this study, a radial turbine wheel and volute are designed to meet the power and efficiency requirements. A number of trials are carried out, and the design, which gives the necessary performance and meets the customer requirements, is chosen. The design is analyzed using a validated 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) solver, viz. ANSYS-CFX software at both design and off-design conditions and turbine characteristics are generated.

A numerical study for correlating performance versus number of blades and investigating flow characteristics and loss generation of an automotive radial flow turbine

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110468
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ketata ◽  
Zied Driss
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Future Technology ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Radial Turbines

Hybridization of engines is the future technology to overcome the increasing emissions of CO2 and pollutants from internal combustion engines. So far, the current technology, called downsizing, involves reducing engine size while maintaining continuous engine boosting with a turbocharger. It is well known that the radial turbine, an essential component of turbochargers, is a seat of various loss mechanisms such as incidence losses which significantly affect performance. As a contribution for further improving performance and reducing loss generation in radial turbines, this study investigates the effect of the blade number on performance and loss generation within a radial turbine of small scale turbocharger. To this end, six radial turbines were designed with several blade numbers ranging from three up to thirteen. The flow solution was computed by solving the Navier-Stokes equations using a CFD solver. The numerical results were validated against experiments. The results revealed that the impeller of 11 blades provides better performance than the other investigated designs. The results showed a substantial effect of the number of blades on the distribution of flow characteristics and loss generation. The efficiency, mass flow rate, output torque, blade loading, and leakage flow through the clearance gap of the turbine were correlated to the number of blades.

LO.CO.MO.DIA: Low Cost Monitoring for Diagnostic Purposes of a Small Scale CHP Plant

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fantozzi ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Data Acquisition Board ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
Maintenance Personnel

Abstract Small scale Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) powered Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants are economically convenient when availability and efficiencies are above specified limits. Nevertheless these plants are often run without a monitoring device capable of data storing and trending and of performance evaluation. This paper describes the setting up of a powerful low-cost monitoring system for the CHP plant that powers the School of Engineering of the University of Perugia. Data acquisition is performed by interfacing a Personal Computer (PC) to existing control panels via, serial port, and to a data acquisition board for those variables that are not measured by existing devices. Performance indexes are then calculated via software. Alarms and controls are stored as well to set up a database for diagnostic purposes. The monitoring itself has already shown its troubleshooting capability in interface to maintenance personnel: history trending of variables speeds up the phase of failure identification because it eliminates those possibilities that are negated by cross referencing values of different variables.

Low-cost process for emission abatement of biogas internal combustion engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 1079-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Dobslaw ◽  
Karl-Heinrich Engesser ◽  
Hans Störk ◽  
Thomas Gerl
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Emission Abatement

Analysis of Current Hybrid-Electric Automobile Drivetrains and Proposal of an Alternative Powertrain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ahn ◽  
Thomas S. Welles ◽  
Benjamin Akih-Kumgeh
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hybrid Configuration

Abstract Byproducts of fossil fuel combustion contribute to negative changes in the global climate. Specifically, emissions from automobiles are a major source of greenhouse gas pollution. Efforts to minimize these harmful emissions have led to the development and sustained improvement of hybrid drivetrains in automobiles. Despite many advancements, however, hybrid systems still face substantial challenges which bear on their practicality, performance, and competitive disadvantage in view of the low cost of today’s traditional internal combustion engines. These imperfections notwithstanding, hybrid electric vehicles have the potential to play significant roles in the future as cleaner transportation solutions. Actualization of this potential will depend on the ability of hybrid-electric vehicles to minimize their disadvantages while increasing their positive features relative to traditional combustion engines. This research investigates current hybrid electric architectures in automobiles with the aim of suggesting an alternative, more efficient hybrid configuration that utilizes current technology. This is completed by utilizing an iterative design process to compare how various components of existing hybrids can be combined and/or improved to develop a single, efficient and cohesive system that performs comparably to or surpasses existing ones in fuel efficiency and low emissions in all driving conditions. A critical and comparative analysis is provided based on current hybrid-electric vehicle architectures as well as a plausible alternative.

H2S and CO2 Filtration of Biogas Used in Internal Combustion Engines for Power Generation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Ignacio Huertas Cardozo ◽  
Sebastia´n Izquierdo Cifuentes
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Quasi Equilibrium ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Fixed Amount

Currently, there is an increasing interest in connecting thousands of small electrical plants powered by renewable energy sources to national electrical grids. The use of biogas as fuel for internal combustion engines connected to an electric generator is emerging as one of the most attractive alternatives because of its very low cost benefit ratio and very high positive impact on the environment. However, the use of biogas to generate electricity has been limited by its high content of H2S (1800–3500 ppm) and CO2 (∼40%). CO2 presence reduces the energetic density of the fuel and therefore the power output of the system. The high content of H2S corrodes important components of the engine like the combustion chamber, bronze gears and the exhaust system. This work aims to design and manufacture a low-cost industrial filter for this application. Among the different available methodologies, CaO, NaOH and amines where selected as the most appropriate for a typical farm application of 100 kW electric generations. Since there is not reported data for the H2S absorbing capacity of these substances, it was proposed to measure it by means of a bubbler. It is an experimental set up where the gas stream passes through a fixed amount of the absorbing substance until it becomes saturated. The absorbing capacity is determined as the amount of substance being trapped divided by the mass of the absorbing substance being used. Results showed an absorbing capacity of 2.8, 41.4 and 124.8 g of H2S per Kg of NaOH, CaO and monoethanolamine respectively. A gas absorbing system of amines was designed and manufactured for H2S and CO2 biogas filtration. Three different types of amines were evaluated: Monoethanolamine, Diethanolamine, and methyldiethanolamine. Results show that all the amines require a ratio of amines to biogas flow of 0.7 to obtain a 95% of H2S filtering efficiency. This data represent only a 30% of H2S mass transfer efficiency of the filter when it is compared against the mass transfer expected under quasi equilibrium conditions. Work is under way to design a high efficiency amine column for biogas treatment.

Development of Electric Bicycle Performance Testing Techniques and Adaptable Electric Bicycle Power System

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Stackhouse ◽  
Zuomin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Testing Facility ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Bicycles

Battery powered electric bicycles and scooters, replacing the heavily polluting scooters with two-cycle internal combustion engines, provide zero-emission transportation for many parts of the world. Annual global sales of electric bicycles have risen from 36,000 in 1993 to over 500,000 in 1999 and to multi-millions today. To facilitate the development of new electric bicycles, a computerized electric bicycle testing facility has been created. Standardized testing cycles for quantitatively measuring the performance of electric bicycles have been developed. Testing results of three representative electric bicycles using the newly introduced electric bicycle testing methods and testing facility are presented. The development of a low-cost, fully Adaptable Electric Bicycle Power System (AEBPS) designed to be quickly adapted to a regular bicycle is also presented. The AEBPS can be attached to a regular bicycle in less than ten minutes, and removed in under five minutes. Performance of a converted bicycle using the AEBPS is evaluated and compared with representative commercial electric bicycles. The work forms the foundation for systematically evaluating different electric bicycle designs and for carrying out design optimization of electric bicycle power systems suitable to different markets and needs.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF OPERATION OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES WORKING ONE BIOGAS FROM THE LANDFILL WASTES

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
T. V. Dykun ◽  
L. I. Haieva ◽  
F. V. Kozak ◽  
Ya. M. Demianchuk
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Effective Power ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
Ice Leads

The problem of the effective use of traditional energy sources and the search for alternative resources is currently urgent. Today, in Ukraine, the low-calorie gas potential, which in large quantities is formed in landfills from solid household wastes, in particular biogas, is almost not used. The number of existing domestic installations for the disposal of this gas is insignificant. Today, this valuable resource in quantities of up to 1 billion cubic meters per year is emitted into the atmosphere contaminating it, or burned in flares. Rarely biogas is used in automotive internal combustion engines. However, replacing gasoline with biogas results in reduction in engine power and an increase in fuel consumption. Knowing the component composition of biogas, one can calculate the heat of its combustion and the heat of combustion of gas-air mixtures. According to the results of analytical studies, the graphic dependences of the change in effective power, torque and the effective specific biogas flow rate on engine revolutions were constructed and a comparison of these values with those of a petrol engine was performed. Dependencies show that the use of biogas as a fuel for the ICE leads to a significant reduction of the above parameters: in particular, the effective power decreases to 20%, torque to 22%, and the specific effective fuel consumption increases by 170%. However, due to the low cost of this type of automobile fuel and the considerable resource base for its obtaining in Ukraine, one can conclude - the use of biogas from landfills should be expanded and this is promising, in terms of energy independence of both separate economic entities and the state as a whole.

Thermo-Fluid Analysis of the Exhaust Manifold Integrated With Cylinder Head

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amin Neshan ◽  
Ali Keshavarz ◽  
Ali Jazayeri ◽  
Ali Ghasemian
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Cylinder Head ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Manifold ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Temperature Limitation

Exhaust manifold is an individual part of conventional internal combustion engines which is made of cast iron. Furthermore expensive alloys are needed to increase its thermal resistance. In the Integrated Exhaust Manifold into Cylinder Head (IEMCH), the exhaust manifold is manufactured as one part with the cylinder head. Thus its material changes from cast iron to aluminum which has a much lower thermal resistance than the cast iron. IEMCH has many advantages such as, low cost, lower weight and volume, less fuel consumption and faster warm-up. But due to its lower thermal resistance, it must be cooled. Here a new exhaust manifold is designed for IEMCH. Thermo-fluid analysis is carried out numerically to evaluate temperature limitation of the new exhaust manifold. The obtained results are compared to the standard exhaust manifold which indicates that by means of cooling, the new exhaust manifold can be remained at its proper temperature limitation. Thus no expensive alloys are needed in the new exhaust manifold.

scholarly journals Virtual Instrument for Emissions Measurement of Internal Combustion Engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Pérez ◽  
Rogelio Ramos ◽  
Gisela Montero ◽  
Marcos Coronado ◽  
Conrado García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Signal Conditioning ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Combustion Emissions

The gases emissions measurement systems in internal combustion engines are strict and expensive nowadays. For this reason, a virtual instrument was developed to measure the combustion emissions from an internal combustion diesel engine, running with diesel-biodiesel mixtures. This software is called virtual instrument for emissions measurement (VIEM), and it was developed in the platform of LabVIEW 2010® virtual programming. VIEM works with sensors connected to a signal conditioning system, and a data acquisition system is used as interface for a computer in order to measure and monitor in real time the emissions of O2, NO, CO, SO2, and CO2 gases. This paper shows the results of the VIEM programming, the integrated circuits diagrams used for the signal conditioning of sensors, and the sensors characterization of O2, NO, CO, SO2, and CO2. VIEM is a low-cost instrument and is simple and easy to use. Besides, it is scalable, making it flexible and defined by the user.

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