Comparison and Evaluation of Performance, Emission and Wear Analysis of Diesel, JP-8 and Pure Karanja Biodiesel in a Military 780 hp CIDI Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Kumar Pandey ◽  
M. R. Nandgaonkar ◽  
P. Sivakumar ◽  
Anand Kumar Kammanni Veerabhadrappa ◽  
A. Kumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
The Impact

Investigating the impact of JP-8 and pure Karanja oil biodiesel fuel on diesel engine performance, emission and pump wear are very important for military track and wheeled vehicles due to their great potential as alternative fuels. In the present study, a military 780 hp CIDI engine was fuelled and tested with diesel, JP-8 and pure Karanja oil biodiesel respectively. The performances of fuels were evaluated in terms of brake horse power, specific fuel consumption, brake specific energy consumption, brake mean effective pressure, thermal efficiency and heat release rates. The emission of carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and oxides of nitrogen NOx with the three fuels were also compared. Both Karanja oil, after transesterification and JP-8 exhibit the properties (density, viscosity and calorific value) within acceptable limits of ASTM standard. Performance of both JP-8 and pure Karanja oil biodiesel were slightly lower than diesel. Emissions of CO and UHC were found lower with both JP-8 and Karanja oil biodiesel as compared to diesel fuel. However, only JP-8 fuel had lower NOx emission whereas Karanja oil biodiesel had 10% higher NOx emission. The fuel pump wear was tested after a 100 hours run.

scholarly journals Preparation of Biodiesel From Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
M Rakib Uddin ◽  
Kaniz Ferdous ◽  
Sukanta Kumar Mondal ◽  
Maksudur R Khan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Biodiesel is a biodegradable, sustainable and clean energy has worldwide attracted renewed and growing interest in topical years, chiefly due to development in biodiesel fuel and ecological pressures which include climatic changes. In this paper, karanja (pongamia pinnata) seed has been studied as a potential source for biodiesel preparation. Karanja oil is extracted from the seed by different methods. Oil properties have been measured by standard methods. Acid catalyzed transesterification, acid catalyzed two-step method and three-step method have been studied for biodiesel preparation from karanja oil. In the three-step method, the first step is saponification followed by acidification to produce free fatty acid (FFA) and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. In saponification, acidification and esterification reaction, the reaction parameters were optimized. Silica gel was used in both transesterification and esterification to adsorb water, produced in the reaction hence increase the reaction rate. Properties of biodiesel such as specific gravity, FFA, Viscosity, saponification value, iodine value, cloud point, pour point, flash point, cetane index, calorific value etc are measured and compared to conventional diesel fuel and standard biodiesel.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 24-28

scholarly journals Effect of di-tertiary-butyl peroxide additive on combustion, performance and emissions of a karanja methyl ester fueled diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhabani Prasanna Pattanaik ◽  
JIBITESH KUMAR PANDA ◽  
Santhosh Kumar Gugulothu ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Jena
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Butyl Peroxide ◽  
Karanja Oil

Abstract The present work studies the influence of di-tertiary-butyl peroxide (DTBP) as a cetane-improving additive to karanja methyl ester (KME) on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. KME produced by base catalyzed transesterification of non-edible karanja oil was blended with DTBP in different volume proportions to result KMED1 (99% KME + 1% DTBP), KMED2 (98% KME + 2% DTBP), KMED3 (97% KME + 3% DTBP) and KMED5 (95% KME + 5% DTBP) fuel blends. With increase in DTBP content, viscosity was reduced, whereas the cold flow properties, cetane index and calorific value were enhanced. Engine test results exhibited improvement in brake thermal efficiency and brake specific energy consumption for all blends compared to neat KME. Combustion analysis showed improved combustion with rise in DTBP content in the blends. The CO, HC and NOx emissions with KME-DTBP blends were less compared to neat KME and the same significantly reduced with rise in DTBP percentage in the blends. This shows improved combustion due to more oxygen availability and improvement in fuel properties with addition of DTBP to KME. However, the NOx emissions were marginally higher with KME-DTBP blends compared to neat KME and diesel that may be further studied.

Performance and Emission Analysis of Diesel Engine Using Karanja Oil Biodiesel Blend with Diethyl Ether

10.26524/sa5 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
M.K. Murthi ◽  
M. Ragunath ◽  
A. Vellingiri
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
And Control

In 21 st century energy demand was increased by reason of development of industries, population, amount of vehicles. But availability of fuel is not satisfied. Inother routes to solve the energy demand and control the pollution under using of alternative fuels. The usage of fossil fuel is causes to more pollution and change environmental conditions. The use of biodiesel is one of the major solution for this kind of problems. Our project work is used Karanja biodiesel for potentiate the diesel. The Karanja oil is readily available in India and it has more potential to use as alternative fuel in diesel engine without modification. Experimental is going conduct to study the performance and emissions characteristics of biodiesel, additive used biodiesel and compared with diesel. Similarly, the properties like calorific value, flash point, viscosity and fire point also going to study

scholarly journals The Use of Biodrying to Prevent Self-Heating of Alternative Fuel

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Gajewska ◽  
Mateusz Malinowski ◽  
Maciej Szkoda
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
The Self ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Self Heating ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuels ◽  
The Impact

Alternative fuels (refuse-derived fuels—RDF) have been a substitute for fossil fuels in cement production for many years. RDF are produced from various materials characterized by high calorific value. Due to the possibility of self-ignition in the pile of stored alternative fuel, treatments are carried out to help protect entrepreneurs against material losses and employees against loss of health or life. The objective of the research was to assess the impact of alternative fuel biodrying on the ability to self-heat this material. Three variants of materials (alternative fuel produced on the basis of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) and on the basis of bulky waste (mainly varnished wood and textiles) and residues from selective collection waste (mainly plastics and tires) were adopted for the analysis. The novelty of the proposed solution consists in processing the analyzed materials inside the innovative ecological waste apparatus bioreactor (EWA), which results in increased process efficiency and shortening its duration. The passive thermography technique was used to assess the impact of alternative fuel biodrying on the decrease in the self-heating ability of RDF. As a result of the conducted analyses, it was clear that the biodrying process inhibited the self-heating of alternative fuel. The temperature of the stored fuel reached over 60 °C before the biodrying process. However, after the biodrying process, the maximum temperatures in each of the variants were about 30 °C, which indicates a decrease in the activity of microorganisms and the lack of self-ignition risk. The maximum temperatures obtained (>71 °C), the time to reach them (≈4 h), and the duration of the thermophilic phase (≈65 h) are much shorter than in the studies of other authors, where the duration of the thermophilic phase was over 80 h.

EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS AND EGR APPLICATION OF BLENDED FUELS WITH BDF AND OXYGENATE (DMM) IN A DIESEL ENGINE

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 2850-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEUNG-HUN CHOI ◽  
YOUNG-TAIG OH
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels

In this study, the possibility of biodiesel fuel and oxygenated fuel (dimethoxy methane ; DMM) was investigated as an alternative fuel for a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The smoke emission of blending fuel (biodiesel fuel 90vol-% + DMM 10vol-%) was reduced approximately 70% at 2500rpm, full load in comparison with the diesel fuel. But, engine power and brake specific energy consumption showed no significant differences. But, NOx emission of biodiesel fuel and DMM blended fuel increased compared with commercial diesel fuel due to the oxygen component in the fuel. It was needed a NOx reduction counter plan that EGR method was used as a countermeasure for NOx reduction. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with BDF (95 vol-%) and DMM (5 vol-%) blended fuel and cooled EGR method (15%).

scholarly journals Potential of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel as Renewable Fuel in Combustion Engines: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2565
Author(s):  
Haseeb Yaqoob ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Muhammad Umer Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Impact

As non-renewable conventional fossil fuel sources are depleting day by day, researchers are continually finding new ways of producing and utilizing alternative, renewable, and reliable fuels. Due to conventional technologies, the environment has been degraded seriously, which profoundly impacts life on earth. To reduce the emissions caused by running the compression ignition engines, waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel is one of the best alternative fuels locally available in all parts of the world. Different study results are reviewed with a clear focus on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics, and the impact on engine durability. Moreover, the environmental and economic impacts are also reviewed in this study. When determining the combustion characteristics of WCO biodiesel, the cylinder peak pressure value increases and the heat release rate and ignition delay period decreases. In performance characteristics, brake-specific fuel consumption increases while brake-specific energy consumption, brake power, and torque decrease. WCO biodiesel cuts down the emissions value by 85% due to decreased hydrocarbon, SO2, CO, and smoke emissions in the exhaust that will effectively save the environment. However, CO2 and NOx generally increase when compared to diesel. The overall economic impact of production on the utilization of this resource is also elaborated. The results show that the use of WCO biodiesel is technically, economically, environmentally, and tribologically appropriate for any diesel engine.

Performance and Emission of B100 Biodiesel with Various Additives in Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Cheah Yi Linn ◽  
Mohd Radzi Abu Mansor ◽  
Zul Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Diethyl Ester ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emission

Alternative fuels for diesel engines have become highly important in the automotive industry due to the depleting fossil fuel sources and increased environmental concerns. Biodiesel fuel has a good combustion characteristic because of their long-chain hydrocarbon structure but the higher density and viscosity of the fuel can contribute to several engine problems such as low atomization, carbon deposit formation and injector clogging. The production of biodiesel with additives can help with the performance and emissions of diesel engines. There are many types of additives on the market but the extent of the additives on engine performance is unknown and lack of research has been done in studying the performance, emissions and fuel consumption together with B100 biodiesel. In this research, there are five types of B100 palm oil methyl ester biodiesel with various additive compositions need to be identified. The density, viscosity and calorific value of biodiesel samples were measured to study the thermo-physical properties as a simulation input. Simulation of the combustion engine is conducted using CONVERGE CFD software; based on single-cylinder, direct injection, YANMAR TF90 diesel engine parameters to study on the combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions. The simulation results were compared with the experiment results. From the simulations, biodiesel with diethyl ester and n-butanol additives give better results compared to other additives because the present of n-butanol PME is believed to reduce CO, CO2 and NOx emissions while diethyl ether can improve the spray characteristics when it blends with B100 biodiesel due to its low density and viscosity.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Production of Karanja Oil Methyl Ester and Its Effect on Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Shrivastava ◽  
S.N Varma ◽  
M Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Karanja Oil

Fast depletion of fossil fuel resources forces the extensive research on the alternative fuels. Vegetable oils edible or non edible can be a better substitute for the petroleum diesel. Karanja, a non edible oil can be a potential source to replace the diesel fuel. To investigate the feasibility of Karanja oil as an alternative diesel fuel, its biodiesel was prepared through the transesterification process. The Biodiesel was then subjected to performance and emission tests in order to assess its actual performance, when used as a diesel engine fuel. The data generated for the 20, 50 and 100 percent blended biodiesel were compared with base line data generated for neat diesel fuel. Result showed that the Biodiesel and its blend showed lower thermal efficiency. Emission of Carbon monoxide, unburned Hydrocarbon and smoke was found to be reduced where as oxides of nitrogen was higher with biodiesel and its blends. Keywords: alternate Diesel fuel; Biodiesel; Karanja oil methyl ester; performance and emission

Gasification of Biomass: The Consequences of Equilibrium

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Scott ◽  
A. T. Harris ◽  
J. S. Dennis ◽  
A. N. Hayhurst ◽  
J. F. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Thermodynamic Limits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Insight Into

A model minimising Gibbs Free Energy is used to examine the thermodynamic limits of performance of a gasifier for biomass and other alternative fuels. The minimisation of free energy is highly flexible in that it allows a large number of species to be examined. Such an equilibrium model gives insight into the differences in the behaviour of coal and biomass in gasifiers. Biomass differs from coal in terms of heating value, ash, volatile and carbon contents and the amount of elemental oxygen. The model has been used to explore, entirely from a thermodynamic viewpoint: (i) the off-gas compositions, (ii) the impact of process variables on the heat balance and when gasification is complete, (iii) the effect of different gasification agents on process performance and (iv) optimisation of the calorific value of the hot and cold gas produced. Dried sewage sludge was used as a typical biomass fuel for these simulations. For biomass fuels with a low calorific value, it is shown that co-gasification with a support-fuel of higher calorific value, for example coal, is more practicable than gasification of the biomass alone.

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