3D Printing and Stretching Effects on Alignment Microstructure in PDMS/CNT Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Herren ◽  
Tingting Gu ◽  
Qinggong Tang ◽  
Mrinal Saha ◽  
Yingtao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Pdms Substrate ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
Direct Ink Writing ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Writing Technology ◽  
Reinforcing Particle ◽  
Printing Parameters

Abstract The alignment of high aspect ratio reinforcing nanoparticles within a polymer matrix can have significant effects on the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the nanocomposite. Therefore, in order to tailor the properties of the composite, it is imperative to develop novel methods to control the alignment of these filler particles in various polymeric matrices. This paper reports a unique approach to alter the alignment of carbon nanotubes (CNT) within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites using 3D printing technology. A line of the reinforced PDMS resin is printed on a PDMS substrate using direct ink writing technology, which can produce alignment in the print direction depending on printing parameters, the loading of the reinforcing particle, and the rheology of the ink. Then, the substrate is stretched and placed in an oven to cure the printed nanocomposites line with increased alignment in the stretch direction. These two techniques have the advantage of simplicity over other techniques and can efficiently manufacture nanocomposites with the alignment of nanoparticles. Optical microscopy will be used to quantify the alignment within the printed line. Electrical and mechanical properties will be tested to determine the effects of the different alignments within the elastomer. The ability to control the alignment of elastomeric CNT composites is advantageous for the growing field of polymer-based electronics.

scholarly journals A Sensitivity Analysis-Based Parameter Optimization Framework for 3D Printing of Continuous Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Xiao ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Yueke Ming ◽  
Zhongqiu Ding ◽  
Yugang Duan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Continuous Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy ◽  
Printing Parameters

Three-dimensional printing of continuous carbon fiber/epoxy composites (CCF/EPCs) is an emerging additive manufacturing technology for fiber-reinforced polymer composites and has wide application prospects. However, the 3D printing parameters and their relationship with the mechanical properties of the final printed samples have not been fully investigated in a computational and quantifiable way. This paper presents a sensitivity analysis (SA)-based parameter optimization framework for the 3D printing of CCF/EPCs. A surrogate model for a process parameter–mechanical property relationship was established by support vector regression (SVR) analysis of the experimental data on flexural strength and flexural modulus under different process parameters. An SA was then performed on the SVR surrogate model to calculate the importance of each individual 3D printing parameter on the mechanical properties of the printed samples. Based on the SA results, the optimal 3D printing parameters and the corresponding flexural strength and flexural modulus of the printed samples were predicted and verified by experiments. The results showed that the proposed framework can serve as a high-accuracy tool to optimize the 3D printing parameters for the additive manufacturing of CCF/EPCs.

scholarly journals Effect of Material on the Mechanical Properties of Additive Manufactured Thermoplastic Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
D. K. K. Cavalcanti ◽  
M. D. Banea ◽  
H. F. M. de Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Printing Time

Additive manufacturing (AM) also called 3D printing, is an emerging process in the manufacturing sector with increasing new applications in aerospace, prototyping, medical devices and product development, among others. The resistance of the AM part is determined by the chosen material and the printing parameters. As novel materials and AM methods are continuously being developed, there is a need for the development and mechanical characterization of suitable materials for 3D printing. In this study, the influence of the material and the 3D-printing parameters on the mechanical properties of additive manufactured thermoplastic parts was investigated. Three different filaments that are commercially available: Polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Tritan were used. Tensile and flexural tests were carried out, in accordance to ASTM standards, to investigate and compare the mechanical properties of the AM parts as a function of material used. The results showed that the type of filaments had the greatest influence on the mechanical properties of the AM parts. The maximum strength and stiffness were obtained for the PLA specimens. Tritan displayed the highest deformation, while the PLA manifested the lowest deformation capacity. The mechanical properties of the printed parts also depend on the printing parameters. The parameters used in this work are a good compromise between the printing time and the mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Printability and properties of 3D-printed poplar fiber/polylactic acid biocomposite

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2774-2788
Author(s):  
Zhaozhe Yang ◽  
Xinhao Feng ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Denis Rodrigue
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Longitudinal Stripe ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
First Time ◽  
Printing Parameters

To efficiently and economically utilize a wood-plastic biocomposite, an eco-friendly biocomposite was prepared using modified poplar fiber and polylactic acid (PLA) via 3D printing technology for the first time. First, the effects of poplar fiber (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) on the mechanical and rheological properties of the printed biocomposites were investigated. Subsequently, the printing parameters, including printing temperature, speed, and layer thickness, were optimized to obtain the biocomposite with superior properties. Finally, four printing orientations were applied to the biocomposite based on the optimized printing parameters to study the effect of filament orientation on the properties of the biocomposite. Favorable printability and mechanical properties of the biocomposite were obtained at 5% poplar fiber. The optimal printing temperature of 220 °C, speed of 40 mm/s, and layer thickness of 0.2 mm were obtained to produce the desired mechanical properties of the biocomposite with the printing orientation in a longitudinal stripe. However, the printing parameters should be chosen according to the applications, where different physical and mechanical properties are needed to achieve efficient and economical utilization of the biocomposites.

scholarly journals 3D Printing of Thermoplastic Elastomers: Role of the Chemical Composition and Printing Parameters in the Production of Parts with Controlled Energy Absorption and Damping Capacity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 3551
Author(s):  
Marina León-Calero ◽  
Sara Catherine Reyburn Valés ◽  
Ángel Marcos-Fernández ◽  
Juan Rodríguez-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Printing Parameters

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technology that enables one to manufacture complex structures reducing both time and manufacturing cost. Among the materials commonly used for AM, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are of high interest due to their energy absorption capacity, energy efficiency, cushion factor or damping capacity. Previous investigations have exclusively focused on the optimization of the printing parameters of commercial TPE filaments and the structures to analyse the mechanical properties of the 3D printed parts. In the present paper, the chemical, thermal and mechanical properties for a wide range of commercial thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) filaments were investigated. For this purpose, TGA, DSC, 1H-NMR and filament tensile strength experiments were carried out in order to determine the materials characteristics. In addition, compression tests have been carried out to tailor the mechanical properties depending on the 3D printing parameters such as: infill density (10, 20, 50, 80 and 100%) and infill pattern (gyroid, honeycomb and grid). The compression tests were also employed to calculate the specific energy absorption (SEA) and specific damping capacity (SDC) of the materials in order to establish the role of the chemical composition and the geometrical characteristics (infill density and type of infill pattern) on the final properties of the printed part. As a result, optimal SEA and SDC performances were obtained for a honeycomb pattern at a 50% of infill density.

DIRECT-INK-WRITING (DIW) OF HIGHER WEIGHT CONCENTRATION OF MILLED CARBON FIBER (MCF) REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANIRBAN MONDAL ◽  
KUNTAL MAITY ◽  
MRINAL C. SAHA ◽  
YINGTAO LIU
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Short Carbon Fiber ◽  
Direct Ink Writing ◽  
Weight Concentration ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Short Carbon ◽  
Printing Parameters

Additive manufacturing or 3D printing of short carbon fiber composites is highly inclined toward thermoplastic material. Recently, there is some interest in developing 3D printing technology for thermosetting polymers and composites. Direct-ink-writing (DIW) of short fiber epoxy composites containing milled carbon fibers (MCF) exhibits the potential to replace the traditional composite material as it showcases the inherent capability of fabricating complex geometries, facile material processing, continuous printing capability coupled with low cost. Previous research in 3D printing of short carbon fiber epoxy composites suffered heavily from the limitation of printing low carbon fiber weight concentrations. This study developed a straightforward technique of designing the epoxy ink containing high weight concentration MCF (~40wt%) and a small concentration of thixotropic filler (3-wt%) for DIW using a pneumatic pressure-driven extruder having micron size tapered nozzle. This paper also intends to contribute to a better understanding of the effect of printing parameters on DIW. Furthermore, the printing parameters were optimized using non-dimensionalized constant C. Optimized printing condition was further used to print different geometry ranging from dog bone with 100% infill to 4-layer hollow circle and 3-layer hollow square with 0% infill. Lastly, ink exhibits the capability to self-support multi-layer geometrical structures during printing.

scholarly journals Direct Ink Writing Technology (3D Printing) of Graphene-Based Ceramic Nanocomposites: A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Washington Solís Pinargote ◽  
Anton Smirnov ◽  
Nikita Peretyagin ◽  
Anton Seleznev ◽  
Pavel Peretyagin
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Direct Ink Writing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Writing Technology ◽  
Am Processes ◽  
Ceramic Nanocomposites

In the present work, the state of the art of the most common additive manufacturing (AM) technologies used for the manufacturing of complex shape structures of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites, ceramic and graphene-based parts is explained. A brief overview of the AM processes for ceramic, which are grouped by the type of feedstock used in each technology, is presented. The main technical factors that affect the quality of the final product were reviewed. The AM processes used for 3D printing of graphene-based materials are described in more detail; moreover, some studies in a wide range of applications related to these AM techniques are cited. Furthermore, different feedstock formulations and their corresponding rheological behavior were explained. Additionally, the most important works about the fabrication of composites using graphene-based ceramic pastes by Direct Ink Writing (DIW) are disclosed in detail and illustrated with representative examples. Various examples of the most relevant approaches for the manufacturing of graphene-based ceramic nanocomposites by DIW are provided.

The Influence of 3D Printing Parameters on Elastic and Mechanical Characteristics of Polylactide

2019 ◽  
Vol 957 ◽  
pp. 483-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Baciu ◽  
Daniel Vlăsceanu ◽  
Anton Hadăr
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Printing Parameters

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of 3D printing parameters (i.e. print speed, infill density, infill patterns) on the elastic and mechanical properties (i.e. Young modulus, yield limit, ultimate tensile strength). These properties have been determined experimentally on different specimens subjected to tensile loading using a universal testing machine INSTRON 8872. For these experimental investigations, the test specimens were manufactured in accordance to ASTM standards, modifying the following printing parameters: print speed, infill density, infill patterns. The influence of printing parameters on elastic and mechanical properties is necessary for a better understanding of the material behavior necessary in modelling and design of some type of structures manufactured using 3D printing method.

scholarly journals Influência da Densidade de Preenchimento e do Número de Perímetros nas Propriedades Mecânicas de Peças Fabricadas em PLA a Partir de Impressão 3D

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Magno Medeiros ◽  
Marlon Da Silva ◽  
Daniella De Oliveira ◽  
Fábio Dos Santos ◽  
Luanda Kívia Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mechanical Stresses ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Molten Material ◽  
Know How ◽  
Printing Parameters

<p>With the dissemination of the additive manufacturing by deposition of molten material, popularly known as 3D printing, studies on the mechanical properties of the pieces manufactured through this process are necessary to increase the understanding of their behaviors, as well as to know how to expand the application horizons of the technology in the manufacture of items that will<br />work under mechanical stresses. Therefore, the aim of this article is to analyze the influence of two printing parameters (number of perimeters and filling density) on the mechanical properties of specimens manufactured in PLA from 3D printing. For the study, the specimens made of PLA filament with a diameter of 1.75 mm, using the FDM technique and a 3D Cloner DH Plus model machine, were submitted to tensile test. From the analyzes carried out, it was possible to verify that the number of perimeters is more relevant with regard to the mechanical resistance to traction. The results were satisfactory and allow to trace interesting parallels with the data obtained in other studies used as references in present work.</p><p><br /><strong>Key words</strong>: PLA; 3D printing; number of perimeters; filling density; mechanical properties.</p><p>==================================================================</p><p>Com a disseminação da manufatura aditiva por deposição de material fundido, popularmente conhecida como impressão 3D, fazem-se necessários estudos a respeito das propriedades mecânicas das peças fabricadas por este processo a fim de aumentar a compreensão do comportamento destes objetos e expandir os horizontes de aplicação da tecnologia na fabricação de itens que irão trabalhar sob solicitações mecânicas. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a influência de dois parâmetros de impressão (número de perímetros e densidade de preenchimento) sobre as propriedades mecânicas de corpos de prova fabricados em PLA a partir da impressão 3D. Para o estudo, os corpos de prova foram confeccionados a partir do filamento de PLA com diâmetro de 1,75 mm, por meio da técnica FDM, utilizando uma máquina 3D Cloner, modelo DH Plus, e submetidos ao ensaio de tração. A partir das análises efetuadas, foi possível constatar que o parâmetro “número de perímetros” é mais relevante no que tange a resistência mecânica à tração. Os resultados foram satisfatórios e permitem traçar paralelos interessantes com dados obtidos em outros estudos utilizados como referência na elaboração deste artigo.</p><p><br /><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: PLA; impressão 3D; número de perímetros; densidade de preenchimento; propriedades mecânicas</p>

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