Refurbishment of an Existing 1000 TPD MSW Facility Using Modern State of the Art Equipment

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Gillum ◽  
Arthur Cole ◽  
Roger Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Steam Temperature ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Reliable Performance ◽  
Two Stages

This paper discusses the design, startup and operation of four rebuilt and redesigned 250 TPD MSW combustion trains located at the McKay Bay Waste to Energy Facility in Tampa Florida. Each independent MSW train consists of a new steam generator, reciprocating grate stoker, ash handling and air pollution control system. The new steam generators are built on the footprint of the original units, which were removed in their entirety leaving only the lower foundation steel. The refurbishment was accomplished in two stages to permit the facility to remain in operation. The new steam generators are designed to minimize fouling, maximize the amount of operating time between cleaning cycles and maintain steam temperature. Evaluation of startup and operating data demonstrates that the units exceed their planned operating time between cleaning cycles and will provide consistent reliable performance over the service life of the facility.

Closure of the City of Key West, Southernmost Waste to Energy Facility

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Shabat
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Key West ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Transfer Station ◽  
Technical Advisory Committee ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
The City

The Southernmost Waste-to-Energy Facility, is a 150 ton per day, stoker fired, mass burn facility located on Stock Island in the City of Key West, Florida. The facility is owned and operated by the City of Key West and is categorized as a Small MWC, Class II facility under the Emission Guidelines for Existing Small Municipal Waste Combustors, 40 CFR 60 subpart BBBB. In order to reliably comply with the requirements of the small MWC regulations, the facility air pollution control trains were required to be retrofitted to include acid gas control and improved particulate control through the installation of scrubbers and baghouses. Additional controls for metals including mercury may have been added in order to assure compliance with these regulations. Other facility upgrades including combustion enhancements may have been required to assure compliance with allowable carbon monoxide limitations of the Small MWC regulations. The need for the air pollution control retrofit project represented a major expenditure for the City of Key West. Faced with a decision regarding its long term future waste handling and disposal methods, the City examined various options for future solid waste handling and disposal including the option to proceed with retrofitting the waste-to-energy facility and relying on waste-to-energy as a long-term major component of Key West’s solid waste handling and disposal plans. Alternatively, the City explored the option of building a transfer station, either privately or publicly operated, and contracting the hauling and disposal of the City’s waste to a private firm. The transfer station option would require a conversion of the waste-to-energy facility to a transfer station through a major demolition and reconstruction project. The City also considered available alternative technologies such as gasification for example. In order to help the City sort through the many issues associated with the solid waste handling and disposal options, a Technical Advisory Committee was formed consisting of engineering and legal consultants, City commission members, and other City representatives. Dvirka and Bartilucci Consulting Engineers, as a member of the Technical Advisory Committee, was responsible for estimating the costs associated with the design, construction and operation of a waste-to-energy facility air pollution control retrofit project. This paper describes the facility and discusses the decision making process of the technical advisory committee and the ultimate decision of the City Commission to close the Southernmost Waste to Energy Facility. The paper includes the requirements for closure of the facility and discusses how the City arrived at its final decision.

Waste-to-Energy in Europe and Technology Highlights From Von Roll Inova Projects

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brunner ◽  
Alfred Sigg
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The United States ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Plant Construction ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
The U.S

Von Roll Inova is a major provider of thermal treatment technologies ranging from combustion, energy recovery, air pollution control, and residue processing. The company is headquartered in Switzerland and its portfolio includes over 300 WTEs around the world, processing more than 100,000 metric tons of solid wastes per day. This paper discusses the technological and political trends in Europe regarding waste-to-energy, the state-of-the-art-technology and presents an an overview of recently executed projects by Von Roll Inova. During the hiatus on new plant construction in the U.S., European countries pursued a variety of different approaches. Not all the results showed environmental, social or economic promise. Of the aspects developed since the mid-nineties, some are applicable to the United States. Particularly the advances in air pollution control technology and improved thermal efficiency will be useful as new Waste-to-Energy capacity is added in the U.S. and delays in permitting may be avoided by taking advantage of such experience transfers.

Innovative New Air Pollution Control Technologies to Capture NOx, PM and Hg

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Ebert
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Control Technologies

Emission regulations throughout the world continue to tighten, creating technical and economic challenges for various industries. The U.S. has proposed strict emissions limits that include mercury (Hg), particulate matter (PM) and a growing focus on NOx, while Europe is focusing more aggressively on reducing Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and PM emissions first. Innovative new technologies are being developed and introduced to meet proposed emissions levels for industries such as waste to energy facilities, Cement clinker producers and Sintering processes. Catalytically active ceramic or textile filter media have been applied over the past 15 years ensuring a simultaneous removal of PM, NOx and PCDD/F-compounds. A new textile filter type containing 2 filter bags (bag-over-bag) has recently been designed for such a multi-functional approach at elevated filter temperatures (T>170°C) where PMs are filtered on an ePTFE membrane (1st layer) and NOx is reduced by a catalytic reaction (2nd layer) with NH3 injected upstream. The separate bag construction enables the removal of the catalytic inner bag once it has been deactivated by ammonium-(bi)-sulphates. An appropriate regeneration process outside the bagfilter was developed for such new DeNOx system. The implementation of this 2-layer filter bag concept into existing Air Pollution Control (APC) systems and the catalyst management has been demonstrated on full-scale at the waste to energy facility of Acegas APS Padova (Italy). Emissions of NOx (as NO2) < 70mg/Nm3 with NH3<3mg/Nm3 with PM<0,5mg/Nm3 can be constantly achieved. The implementation of this filter bag system achieves highest energy efficiency, lowest costs for consumables when it is applied in dry sorption filters at elevated temperatures. In U.S., the strong demand for lowest Hg emission promotes innovative solutions for efficient and reliable Hg removal. Hg can be efficiently captured in a new fixed sorbent bed technology which is installed downstream the baghouse. This paper presents the innovative concepts for multi-functional filter as well as for Hg removal, showing also field data of both new technologies.

Supplemental Pit Fire Control Deluge System: Spokane Regional Waste to Energy Facility

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon M. K. Taam ◽  
Chuck Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Regional System ◽  
The City ◽  
Fire Protection System

After sixteen years of operation, it became apparent that the pit fire protection system installed during construction of the Spokane Regional Waste to Energy (WTE) Facility (1989–1991) was inadequate. A risk analysis was performed by Creighton Engineering Inc., a fire protection consulting firm, hired by the Spokane Regional Solid Waste System (Regional System) and Wheelabrator Spokane Inc. With input from Spokane County Fire District 10 and the City of Spokane Fire Department, a replacement supplemental fire protection system was designed and ultimately installed. This paper will describe the problems with the once state of the art fire system and the planning, design and installation of the new system.

APC Retrofits and Technologies Lower Emissions and Optimize WTE Production

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Linton
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Fabric Filter ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Media Change ◽  
Extended Filter ◽  
Existing Housing

Air pollution control (APC) systems in waste-to-energy (WTE) plants are facing many of the same challenges that independent power facilities (IPP) have dealt with for years. The most prevalent problems being corrosion and emissions. An IPP plant in the southeastern U.S. illustrates the cause and effect that corrosion played in the plant’s operation, as well as the engineered solution designed to address the issue. The result has performed beyond expectations and lends itself well to the same issues in the WTE plants. The paper also provides information regarding the conversion of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) to a fabric filter baghouse. By utilizing the existing housing of an ESP, a higher particulate collection efficiency can be achieved at a fraction of the capital cost. Finally, the paper discusses filter changeout to filter bags laminated with highly efficient expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane. This media change addresses the demanding environmental regulations the industry faces, as well as providing benefits to the WTE APC system such as superior cleandown, increased airflows, and extended filter life. The ultimate results of these three technologies can help decrease maintenance time and cost and increase WTE facility production.

How Implementation of Retrofits Required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 Affects Waste-to-Energy Facility Operations, Plant Efficiency and Finances

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Shabat
Keyword(s):  
Clean Air Act ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Clean Air Act Amendments ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Air Pollution Control Devices ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Induced Changes

This paper considers the direct and indirect impacts on facility operations and financial performance resulting from the retrofits required to comply with the tighter emissions standards and more stringent operating requirements imposed by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). While all large municipal waste combustors (>250 tons per day) and many smaller units (>250 TPD) have already made the initial financial and operational adjustments required by CAAA-induced changes, many small combustors preparing to comply with the Subpart BBBB requirements, have yet to experience these changes. Since most large WTE facilities only began operating under the new CAAA scenario during or shortly before December 2000, the long-term cost impacts of these changes are only now becoming clear. The Subpart BBBB standards are nearly identical to the standards imposed on large combustors. Each existing WTE facility operator affected by Subpart BBBB must determine whether the standards can be met with existing air pollution control devices and existing emission monitoring equipment, or if a facility retrofit is required. If a facility retrofit is required, the economics of continued operation as compared to alternative disposal options must be considered.

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