Determination of the Start and End of Combustion in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using the Apparent Heat Release Rate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gerard T. Reyes ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Start Of Combustion

The combustion duration in an internal combustion engine is the period bounded by the engine crank angles known as the start of combustion (SOC) and end of combustion (EOC), respectively. This period is essential in analysis of combustion for the such as the production of exhaust emissions. For compression-ignition engines, such as diesel engines, several approaches were developed in order to approximate the crank angle for the start of combustion. These approaches utilized the curves of measured in-cylinder pressures and determining by inspection the crank angle where the slope is steep following a minimum value, indicating that combustion has begun. These pressure data may also be utilized together with the corresponding cylinder volumes to generate the apparent heat release rate (AHRR), which shows the trend of heat transfer of the gases enclosed in the engine cylinder. The start of combustion is then determined at the point where the value of the AHRR is minimum and followed by a rapid increase in value, whereas the EOC is at the crank angle where the AHRR attains a flat slope prior to the exhaust stroke of the engine. To verify the location of the SOC, injection line pressures and fuel injection timing are also used. This method was applied in an engine test bench using a four-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine with a pressure transducer installed in the first cylinder. Injector line pressures and fuel injector voltage signals per engine cycle were also recorded and plotted. By analyzing the trends of this curves in line with the generated AHRR curves, the SOC may be readily determined.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Supercharger Boost Pressure to in-Cylinder Pressure and Heat Release Rate Characteristics of Direct Injection Diesel Engine at Various Engine Rotation

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Willyanto Anggono ◽  
Wataru Ikoma ◽  
Haoyu Chen ◽  
Zhiyuan Liu ◽  
Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine

The diesel engines are superior in terms of power efficiency and fuel economy compared to gasoline engines. In order to optimize the performance of direct injection diesel engine, the effect of various intake pressure (boost pressure) from supercharging direct injection diesel engine was studied at various engine rotation. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine was used in this experiment. The bore diameter of the engine used was set to 85 mm, the stroke length was set to 96.9 mm, and the compression ratio was set to 16.3. The variation of engine rotation started from 800 rpm to 2 000 rpm with 400 rpm increment. The variation of boost pressure is bounded from 0 kPa boost pressure (naturally aspirated) to the maximum of 60 kPa boost pressure with 20 kPa boost pressure increment. The performance of the engine is evaluated in terms of in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate as the most important performance characteristics of the diesel engine. The in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate of direct injection diesel engine are increased with the elevation of boost pressure at various engine rotation. The raise of engine rotation resulted in the decrease of maximum in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate.

Development of a Real-Time NOx Prediction Model Based on Heat Release Analysis in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine

A prediction model, which describes linear relationship between the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions and the in-cylinder heat release rate in a direct-injection diesel engine, was developed through numerical simulations. A modified KIVA-3 V code was used to calculate NOx formations and to conduct heat release analyses in a direct-injection diesel engine under different operating conditions. The numerical simulation results indicated that the NOx formation amount was related to both the magnitude and the timing of the peak heat release rate in each engine cycle. Based on the above observations, a control-oriented dynamic NOx model was constructed and then implemented into a feedback emission control system on a small diesel engine. A new parameter—combustion acceleration—was proposed in this research to describe the intensity of the premixed combustion. Experimental work was also conducted to measure the real-time in-cylinder pressure at each crank-angle when the engine was running and the heat release rate was calculated instantaneously to control an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. The experimental results showed that the proposed NOx prediction model was effective in controlling NOx emissions under high rpm conditions.

Experimental and Theoretical Optimization of Combustion Chamber and Fuel Distribution for the Low Emission DI Diesel Engine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kidoguchi ◽  
Michiko Sanda ◽  
Kei Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Mixture Distribution ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Initial Heat

Abstract This study investigated the effect of combustion chamber geometry and initial mixture distribution on combustion process in a direct-injection diesel engine by means of experiment and CFD calculation. The high squish combustion chamber with squish lip could produce simultaneous reduction of NOx and particulate emissions with retarded injection timing in the real engine experiment. According to the CFD computation, the high squish combustion chamber with central pip is effective to continue combustion under the squish lip until the end of combustion and the combustion region forms rich and high turbulence atmosphere, which reduces NOx emissions. This chamber can also reduce initial burning because combustion continues under the squish lip. The CFD computation is also carried out in order to investigate the effect of initial mixture distribution on combustion process. The results suggest that mixture distribution affects the history of heat release rate. When fuel is distributed in the bottom or wide region in the combustion chamber, burned gas tends to spread to the cavity center and initial heat release rate becomes high. On the contrary, the high squish combustion chamber with central pip produces lower initial heat release rate because combustion with local rich condition continues long under the squish lip. Diffusion burning is promoted by high swirl motion in this chamber with keeping lower initial heat release rate.

Comparative Performance, Emission, and Combustion Characteristics of Rice-Bran Oil and Its Biodiesel in a Transportation Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Atul Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Comparative Performance

The methyl esters of vegetable oils known as biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular because of their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engines. Methyl ester of rice-bran oil (RBOME) is prepared through the process of transesterification. In the present investigation, experiments have been carried out to examine the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a direct-injection transportation diesel engine running with diesel, 20% blend of rice-bran oil (RBO), and 20% blend of RBOME with mineral diesel. A four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct-injection transportation diesel engine (MDI 3000) was instrumented for the measurement of the engine performance, emissions, in-cylinder pressure-crank angle history, rate of pressure rise, and other important combustion parameters such as instantaneous heat release rate, cumulative heat release rate, mass fraction burned, etc. A careful analysis of the performance, emissions, combustion, and heat release parameters has been carried out. HC, CO, and smoke emissions for RBO and RBOME blends were lower than mineral diesel while NOx emissions were almost similar and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was slightly higher than mineral diesel. Combustion characteristics were quite similar for the three fuels.

scholarly journals Heat release rate and emissions regimes of stratified pilot-ignited direct-injection natural gas combustion

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110469
Author(s):  
Jeremy Rochussen ◽  
Gordon McTaggart-Cowan ◽  
Patrick Kirchen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Natural gas (NG) is an attractive fuel for heavy-duty internal combustion engines because of its potential for reduced CO2, particulate, and NOX emissions and lower cost of ownership. Pilot-ignited direct-injected NG (PIDING) combustion uses a small pilot injection of diesel to ignite a main direct injection of NG. Recent studies have demonstrated that increased NG premixing is a viable strategy to increase PIDING indicated efficiency and further reduce particulate and CO emissions while maintaining low CH4 emissions. However, it is unclear how the combustion strategies relate to one another, or where they fit within the continuum of NG stratification. The objective of this work is to present a systematic evaluation of pilot combustion, NG combustion, and emissions behavior of stratified-premixed PIDING combustion modes that span from fully-premixed to non-premixed conditions. A sweep of the relative injection timing, [Formula: see text], of NG and pilot diesel was performed in a heavy-duty PIDING engine with [Formula: see text] = 140–220 bar, [Formula: see text] = 0.47–0.71, and a constant NG energy fraction of 94%. Apparent heat release rate and emissions analyses identified interactions between the pilot fuel and NG, and qualitatively characterized the impact of NG stratification on combustion and emissions. Changes in the [Formula: see text] resulted in six distinct PIDING combustion regimes, for all considered injection pressures and equivalence ratios: (i) RIT-insensitive premixed, (ii) stratified-premixed (early-cycle injection), (iii) NG jet impingement transition, (iv) stratified-premixed (late-cycle injection), (v) variable premixed fraction, and (vi) minimally-premixed. Parametric definitions for the bounds of each regime of combustion were valid for the wide range of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] investigated, and are expected to be relevant for other PIDING engines, as previously identified regimes agree with those identified here. This conceptual framework encompasses and validates the findings of previous stratified PIDING investigations, including optimal ranges of operation that provide significantly increased efficiency and lower emissions of incomplete combustion products.

Combustion Characteristics of Rice Bran Oil Derived Biodiesel in a Transportation Diesel Engine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Sinha ◽  
Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Investigations

The methyl esters of vegetable oils, known as biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular because of their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engines. They do not require significant modification in existing engine hardware. Methyl ester of rice bran oil (ROME) is prepared through the process of transesterification. Previous research has shown that ROME has comparable performance, lower bsfc in comparison to diesel. There was reduction in the emissions of CO, HC, and smoke but NOx emissions increased. In the present research, experimental investigations have been carried out to examine the combustion characteristics of a direct injection transportation diesel engine running with diesel, and 20% blend of ROME with diesel. A four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct-injection transportation diesel engine (MDI 3000) was fully instrumented for the measurement of combustion pressure, rate of pressure rise and other combustion parameters such as instantaneous heat release rate, cumulative heat release rate, mass fraction burned etc. Tests were performed at different loads ranging from no load to 100%, at constant engine speed. No engine hardware modification was carried out for the present study. A careful analysis of combustion and heat release parameters has been carried out, which gives precise information about the in-cylinder combustion of rice bran oil based biodiesel vis-a`-vis mineral diesel.

Study of Pilot Injection for the Improvement of Combustion and Emissions Characteristics in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 866-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Hong Zeng ◽  
Xiao Bei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Injection Strategies

A 6-cylinder, turbocharged, common rail heavy-duty diesel engine was used in this study. The effect of pilot injection strategies on diesel fuel combustion process, heat release rate, emission and economy of diesel engine is studied. The pilot injection strategies include pilot injection timing and pilot injection mass to achieve the homogeneous compression ignition and lower temperature combustion of diesel engine. The two-color method was applied to take the flame images in the engine cylinder and obtain soot concentration distribution. The results demonstrate that with the advance of pilot injection timing, the peak in-cylinder pressure becomes lower, the ignition delay of the main combustion is shortened, the NOXand soot emissions are reduced, but the HC and CO emissions are increased. With the increase of pilot injection fuel mass, the heat release rate of the pilot injection combustion and the maximum rate of pressure rise increase, NOXand HC emissions are higher, and PM and CO emissions are reduced. The pilot combustion flame is non-luminous.

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