scholarly journals Drop Simulation of 6M Drum With Locking-Ring Closure and Liquid Contents

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsu-Te Wu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Torque Load ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the dynamic simulation of the 6M drum with a locking-ring type closure subjected to a 4.9-foot drop. The drum is filled with water to 98 percent of overflow capacity. A three dimensional finite-element model consisting of metallic, liquid and rubber gasket components is used in the simulation. The water is represented by a hydrodynamic material model in which the material’s volume strength is determined by an equation of state. The explicit numerical method based on the theory of wave propagation is used to determine the combined structural response to the torque load for tightening the locking-ring closure and to the impact load due to the drop.

Nonlinear FEA Simulation of Thorax Considering Transient CPR and Lateral Forces

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Awad ◽  
Yahia M. Al-Smadi
Keyword(s):  
Impact Load ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

Boxing or martial arts are games where players chests are subject to lateral impact, the impact loads travel through skin, ribs, mediastinum (i.e. a thoracic compartment) and then through the skeleton to the rest of the body. When thorax is subject to lateral force exceeding the elastic limit of thoracic compartment, players often go in shock demanding prompt resuscitation. This paper investigates the thorax response of boxer being subject to lateral impact followed by Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Due to complexity of thorax structure and materials, three dimensional finite element model in ANSYS was created to perform the computational biomechanical analysis of two-stage loading (i.e. lateral impact load and CPR forces). Model input parameters such as material, loading and boundary conditions have been defined. Post processing values such as deformations and stresses have been presented.

scholarly journals Focality of the Induced E-Field Is a Contributing Factor in the Choice of TMS Parameters: Evidence from a 3D Computational Model of the Human Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Deepika Konakanchi ◽  
Amy L. de Jongh Curry ◽  
Robert S. Waters ◽  
Shalini Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising, non-invasive approach in the diagnosis and treatment of several neurological conditions. However, the specific results in the cortex of the magnitude and spatial distribution of the secondary electrical field (E-field) resulting from TMS at different stimulation sites/orientations and varied TMS parameters are not clearly understood. The objective of this study is to identify the impact of TMS stimulation site and coil orientation on the induced E-field, including spatial distribution and the volume of activation in the cortex across brain areas, and hence demonstrate the need for customized optimization, using a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM). A considerable difference was noted in E-field values and distribution at different brain areas. We observed that the volume of activated cortex varied from 3000 to 7000 mm3 between the selected nine clinically relevant coil locations. Coil orientation also changed the induced E-field by a maximum of 10%, and we noted the least optimal values at the standard coil orientation pointing to the nose. The volume of gray matter activated varied by 10% on average between stimulation sites in homologous brain areas in the two hemispheres of the brain. This FEM simulation model clearly demonstrates the importance of TMS parameters for optimal results in clinically relevant brain areas. The results show that TMS parameters cannot be interchangeably used between individuals, hemispheres, and brain areas. The focality of the TMS induced E-field along with its optimal magnitude should be considered as critical TMS parameters that should be individually optimized.

3D Simulation of Laser Assisted Side Milling of Ti6Al4V Alloy Using Modified Johnson-Cook Material Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 2054-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Zamani ◽  
Jan Patrick Hermani ◽  
Bernhard Sonderegger ◽  
Christof Sommitsch
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Side Milling ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

During machining of hard materials, one approach to reduce tool wear is using a laser beam to preheat the material in front of the cutting zone. In this study, a new concept of laser-assisted milling with spindle and tool integrated laser beam guiding has been tested. The laser beam is located at the cutting edge and moving synchronously with the cutter. In experiment, a reduction in the resulting process cutting forces and tool wear has been observed in comparison to milling without laser. A three-dimensional finite element model in DEFORM 3D was developed to predict the cutting forces in the milling process with and without an additional laser heat source, based on a Johnson-Cook-type material constitutive model adapted for high strains and strain rates. Both in experiment and simulation, the deformation behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V workpiece has been investigated. The comparison of the resulting cutting forces showed very good agreement. Thus the new model has great potential to further optimize laser assisted machining processes.

Optimization of the Engine Hood to Reduce the Head Injury during the Vehicle-Human Collision

2012 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Yu Xin Wang ◽  
Qing Chun Wang ◽  
Jian Rong Fu ◽  
Hong Hai Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Head Model ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

Effect of hard point of the engine hood on the head injury during the vehicle-human collision was studied to improve the design of engine hood. Firstly, the current common model of the engine hood was established with three-dimensional finite element modeling software, and 20 areas were divided, also a standard head finite element model was imported, secondly, each area of the engine hood was clashed by the standard head model, then the impact on the head injure was analyzed and the hard point of the hood area was achieved, thirdly, the optimization of the inside and outside panel materials and the plate structure were carried out to reduce the head damage. The simulation results show that the engine hood after optimization gave less damage to the head, which means the research carried out here is of a good reference to the engine hood optimization design for human protection

Simulation and Test for the Lightning Damage of the Glass Fiber Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Xiao Ning Chen ◽  
Jin Long Zhao ◽  
Yun Sheng Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Glass Fiber Composites ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Aircraft Composites ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Composites Panel

Theoretical deducing, simulated lightning test and finite element simulation are used to research the mechanism and state of lightning damage of the aircraft composites sandwich panels. It provides the basis for the design of the aircraft lightning protection. The three-dimensional finite element model of the composites panel is constructed through the thermal electrical-mechanical multi-Physics coupling field. According to the structure and the role process, the lightning effect of the aircraft composites is analysed to study the damage mechanism and the possible state of the composites panel that is struck by lightning. The impact current generator is used to carry out the simulated lightning test to observe the lightning effect of the composites panel. By comparing the results of the test and the simulation, the effectiveness and the correctness of the simulation are verified.

scholarly journals Human comfort assessment of buildings subjected to nondeterministic wind dynamic loadings

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Barile ◽  
Leonardo de Souza Bastos ◽  
José Guilherme Santos da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Coherence Function ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Spectral Density Function ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

ABSTRACT A reliable human comfort assessment depends on the correct description of the wind dynamic loads when compared with studies of natural wind. Thus, in this research work an analysis methodology was developed aiming to generate nondeterministic dynamic wind loadings, based on a power spectral density function and coherence function. This way, aiming to test the developed analysis methodology, a forced vibration dynamic analysis was carried out, based on a three-dimensional finite element model developed to represent a real and existing thirty-storey reinforced concrete building, with total height of 90 m, store height equal to 3 m and rectangular dimensions of 21.50 m by 17.30 m. The dynamic structural response of the investigated building was evaluated, the accelerations at the top of the structure were calculated and the human comfort was verified. The results obtained along this research work indicate that the peak accelerations calculated for periods of recurrence equal to 10 years and 1 year, respectively, overpass the recommended limits proposed by the NBR 6123 and ISO 10137.

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of the behavior of a three-layer honeycomb panel with interlayer defects under action of dynamic load

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Aleksandr L. Medvedskiy ◽  
Mikhail I. Martirosov ◽  
Anton V. Khomchenko ◽  
Darina V. Dedova
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Honeycomb Panel

The aim of the work is to study the effect of interlayer defects of the bundle type on the behavior of a rectangular flat three-layer panel with a honeycomb filler under the influence of a dynamic impact load. Methods. The problem was solved numerically using the finite element method in the Simcenter Femap and LS-DYNA (Livermore Software Technology Corp.) software complexes. For this purpose, a geometric model of a panel with a honeycomb placeholder was developed. Based on the geometric model, a finite element model of the panel was created using three-dimensional finite elements. In the software complexes, the finite element model was calculated under specified boundary conditions, then the stress fields and fracture indices in the panel were determined, taking into account and without taking into account damage. Results. The stress fields in the panel are numerically determined with and without defects. The fields of the failure indices of the panel layers under the impact load are investigated using various failure criteria (Puck, Hashin, LaRC03 (Langley Research Center)) of polymer composite materials. The analysis of the influence of a defect on the behavior of a honeycomb panel under the impact load is carried out.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Analysis of the Bovine Humerus

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Benito Bouza-Rodríguez ◽  
Luz Calia Miramontes-Sequeiros
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Stresses ◽  
Humeral Diaphysis

There are few reports on the biomechanical analysis of the animal humerus. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model of the bovine humerus was created, and loaded with the physiological forces acting when the cow is falling or jumping (weight and impact forces). Subsequently the corresponding stress and strain distribution in the humerus for different inclined positions of bone was determined.The highest stress concentration occurred in the distal humeral diaphysis, both when only the reaction and load transfer forces were considered and when muscle forces were included too, although when muscle forces were included these maximum stresses decreased. In the distal humeral diaphysis, an increase was also observed in the cortical thickness; this may be a bone adaptation to reduce the maximum stresses. By understanding these bone adaptation processes at regional level, non-pharmacological treatments to some bone pathologies could be developed, mainly the ones characterized by loss of bone mass.Furthermore, taking into account both the humerus fracture strength and the maximum force that muscles can make without breaking, it is deduced that during jumping or falling the cow must maintain the humerus as vertical as possible to better bear the impact. This is in congruity with what was observed.The interest of this study is in improving the knowledge of animal humerus biomechanics and its application in orthopaedic design and surgical treatments.

Finite Element Modeling of Tires on Snow2

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shoop ◽  
K. Kestler ◽  
R. Haehnel
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Inelastic Material ◽  
Instrumented Vehicles ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Abstract Vehicle movement on unpaved surfaces is important to military, agriculture, forestry, mining, construction, and recreation industries. Because of the complicated nature of vehicle-terrain interaction, comprehensive modeling of off-road mobility is often done using empirical algorithms. The desire to incorporate more physics into performance models has generated great interest in applying numerical modeling techniques in a full three-dimensional analysis, accounting for the deformation of both the tire and the terrain. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model was constructed to simulate a tire rolling over snow. The snow was modeled as an inelastic material using critical-state constitutive modeling and plasticity theory. The snow material model was generated from experiments on the mechanical deformation of snow and was validated using a plate sinkage test. The tire models represent a range of sizes accommodating light-truck and off-road military vehicles and were rolled on snow of various depths. The combined tire-terrain models were validated using force measurements collected with instrumented vehicles and with measured snow deformation. The model results were also compared to vehicle mobility predictions made using the winter algorithms of the NATO Reference Mobility Model. These comparisons illustrate the agreement between the finite element models and field measurements of motion resistance forces and snow deformation under the tire.

scholarly journals On the Determination of Elastic Properties of Single-Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes by Numerical Simulation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3183
Author(s):  
Nataliya A. Sakharova ◽  
Jorge M. Antunes ◽  
André F. G. Pereira ◽  
Bruno M. Chaparro ◽  
José V. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanotubes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact

The elastic properties of chiral and non-chiral single-walled boron nitride nanotubes in a wide range of their chiral indices and diameters were studied. With this aim, a three-dimensional finite element model was used to assess their rigidities and, subsequently, elastic moduli and Poisson’s ratio. An extensive study was performed to understand the impact of the input parameters on the results obtained by numerical simulation. For comparison, the elastic properties of single-walled boron nitride nanotubes are shown together with those obtained for single-walled carbon nanotubes.

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