Microvascular Composites for Thermal Management

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantine A. Fetfatsidis ◽  
Amanda Dropkin ◽  
Paul Dahlstrand ◽  
Christopher Hansen ◽  
Richard Poillucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement ◽  
Network Manufacture

Manned and unmanned aircraft are commonly manufactured from lightweight composite materials, replacing heavier metallic aircraft materials. Here, we describe a collaborative industrial-academic effort to develop novel microvascular composites that offer thermal and structural multifunctionality via embedded micro-capillary array-based heat exchangers for thermal management embedded within aerospace-grade carbon prepreg material. The current research establishes a route to create prepreg materials suitable for heat exchanger network manufacture by automated fiber placement processes. Potential network geometries are investigated with analytical fluid models to predict flow characteristics and heat distribution for pre-defined heat exchanger configurations within a carbon composite panel. Based on these predictions, two geometries are fabricated for thermal management experiments. The mechanical effect of the embedded microvascular networks on the panel structural properties is also investigated analytically.

DESIGN OF A COMPOSITE PANEL WITH CONTINUOUS TOW STEERING AROUND AN ELLIPTICAL CUT-OUT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIOVANNI ZUCCO ◽  
MOHAMMAD ROUHI ◽  
OLIVERI VINCENZO ◽  
ENZO COSENTINO ◽  
RONAN O’HIGGINS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Panel ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Concentration ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Concentration Problem ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement ◽  
Straight Fiber

Cut-outs are inevitable in many structural components such as in aircrafts to accommodate windows or openings for access purposes or fasteners. Engineers usually view cut-outs, especially in primary structures, with disfavour as they result in stress/strain concentration and consequently reduced load carrying capability. Local reinforcements usually increase cost and weight to the overall design which is not favourable in aerospace applications. In case of composite panels, emerging advanced manufacturing methods such as 3D printing of automated fiber placement made it possible to continuously steer fibers/tows around a cut-out to potentially alleviate stress/strain concentration problem. Another advantage of tow steering in this case is maintaining the continuity of fiber/tow paths without any fiber cut which precludes ply-level, 3D stress/strain concentration which could otherwise lead to delaminationinduced damage. In this study, potential capability of tow steering around an elliptical cut-out (manhole) in reducing stress/strain concentration in a composite wingbox is investigated Buckling response under compression loading together with stress and strain concentrations under both tensile and compression loads are examined. Under tensile loading, the maximum stress and strain concentration factors around the cut-out in the straight fiber design are shown to be approximately 29% and 32% larger than its counterpart with steered tows around the cut-out. For the compression loading condition, the direct strain of the panel with straight fiber orientations was found to be three times that of steered fiber trajectories in the vicinity of the cut-out.

Automated Fiber Placement of Composite Wind Tunnel Blades: Process Planning and Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Harik ◽  
Joshua Halbritter ◽  
Dawn Jegley ◽  
Ray Grenoble ◽  
Brian Mason
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement

scholarly journals Review: Filament Winding and Automated Fiber Placement with In Situ Consolidation for Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Yi Di Boon ◽  
Sunil Chandrakant Joshi ◽  
Somen Kumar Bhudolia
Keyword(s):  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement

Fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are gaining popularity in many industries due to their short consolidation cycles, among other advantages over thermoset-based composites. Computer aided manufacturing processes, such as filament winding and automated fiber placement, have been used conventionally for thermoset-based composites. The automated processes can be adapted to include in situ consolidation for the fabrication of thermoplastic-based composites. In this paper, a detailed literature review on the factors affecting the in situ consolidation process is presented. The models used to study the various aspects of the in situ consolidation process are discussed. The processing parameters that gave good consolidation results in past studies are compiled and highlighted. The parameters can be used as reference points for future studies to further improve the automated manufacturing processes.

Effect of gap on strengths of automated fiber placement manufactured laminates

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 113677
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Suemasu ◽  
Yuichiro Aoki ◽  
Sunao Sugimoto ◽  
Toshiya Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Fiber Path Curvature on the Mechanical Properties of Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2602
Author(s):  
Huaqiao Wang ◽  
Jihong Chen ◽  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Xianfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement ◽  
Fiber Path ◽  
Path Curvature

Automated fiber placement (AFP) has been widely used as an advanced manufacturing technology for large and complex composite parts and the trajectory planning of the laying path is the primary task of AFP technology. Proposed in this paper is an experimental study on the effect of several different path planning placements on the mechanical behavior of laminated materials. The prepreg selected for the experiment was high-strength toughened epoxy resin T300 carbon fiber prepreg UH3033-150. The composite laminates with variable angles were prepared by an eight-tow seven-axis linkage laying machine. After the curing process, the composite laminates were conducted by tensile and bending test separately. The test results show that there exists an optimal planning path among these for which the tensile strength of the laminated specimens decreases slightly by only 3.889%, while the bending strength increases greatly by 16.68%. It can be found that for the specific planning path placement, the bending strength of the composite laminates is significantly improved regardless of the little difference in tensile strength, which shows the importance of path planning and this may be used as a guideline for future AFP process.

scholarly journals Predicting the effect of the rib pitch on thermal performance factor of small channels plate heat exchangers fitted with Y and C shapes obstacles

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirine Chtourou ◽  
Hassene Djemel ◽  
Mohamed Kaffel ◽  
Mounir Baccar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Plate Heat Exchanger ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
Small Channels

AbstractThis study presents a numerical analysis of a laminar counter flow inside small channels plate heat exchanger fitted with Y and C shape obstacles. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD, an advanced and modern simulation technique, the influence of the geometrical parameters (such as geometry, rib pitch) on the flow characteristics, the thermal and the hydrodynamics performance of the PHE (plate heat exchanger) is investigated numerically. The main goal of this work is to increase the flow turbulence, enhance the heat transfer and the thermal efficiency by inserting new obstacles forms. The computational domain is a conjugate model which is developed by the Computer Aided Design CAD software Solidworks. The results, obtained with Ansys Fluent, show that the presence of the shaped ribs provides enhancement in heat transfer and fluid turbulence. The CFD analysis is validated with the previous study. The non-dimensional factors such as the Nusselt number Nu, the skin friction factor Cf and the thermo-hydraulic performance parameter THPP are predicted with a Reynolds number Re range of 200–800. The temperature and the velocity distribution are presented and analyzed. The Y ribs and the C ribs offer as maximum THPP values respectively about 1.44 and 2.6 times of a smooth duct.

Numerical analysis of the temperature profile during the laser-assisted automated fiber placement of CFRP tapes with thermoplastic matrix

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1563-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kollmannsberger ◽  
Roland Lichtinger ◽  
Franz Hohenester ◽  
Christoph Ebel ◽  
Klaus Drechsler
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Thermal Contact Resistance ◽  
Thermal Contact ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Composite Layers ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement ◽  
Geometric Boundary ◽  
Laser Heat Source ◽  
Placement Machine

In this study, a thermodynamic model of a laser-assisted automated thermoplastic fiber placement process is developed and validated. The main focus is on modeling the heat transfer into the composite with a laser heat source, the thermal properties of the tape, and the resulting heat distribution in the part, the mold, and the compaction roller. A new integrated analytical method is presented to calculate the energy input of the laser based on the geometric boundary conditions, including first-order reflection and laser shadow. The carbon fiber/polyethersulphone tape is modeled by combining literature properties of carbon fiber and matrix as well as based on experimental data of the tape itself. Also a thermal contact resistance between the tape layers is modeled based on a literature model and own experimental measurements. The created model is discretized and implemented in a 2-D finite difference code. With the help of this simulation, the temperature distribution is calculated during layup. The influence of a possible thermal contact resistance between the composite layers is investigated. Furthermore, an experiment with a thermoplastic fiber placement machine from Advanced Fibre Placement Technology GmbH (AFPT) was conducted in order to evaluate the simulation. The simulation and the experiment show a good agreement and prove that thermal contact resistance between the layers is negligible for the investigation process.

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