Study of Lubricant Viscosity From Diesel Engine Operating on Various Percentages of Coconut Oil Blended Fuel

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Varman ◽  
M. S. Faizul ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
T. M. I. Mahlia
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel ◽  
Lubricant Viscosity

In this study, the lubricant viscosity from a diesel engine operating on various percentages of coconut oil blended fuel is investigated to determine the suitable mixture appropriate for a diesel engine. The coconut oil was blended with conventional diesel fuel at an amount varying from ten to fifty percent. The lubricant used in this study is the conventional commercially available lubricant (SAE 40). After proper blending of diesel with coconut oil, the blended fuels are loaded into the fuel tank. The engine is operated at half throttle setting running at 1600 rpm for 100 hours. At every ten hour interval, one lubricant sample was collected and analyzed using a viscometer at 100 °C and 40 °C. The results show that the viscosity for all the blended fuel remain about constant throughout the 100 hours test. However, fifty percent coconut oil blended fuel at 40 °C shows slightly lower viscosity level in comparison to other percentages of blended fuel system. It is expected this is due to high fuel dilution in lube oil. As a result, ten to thirty percent coconut oil blended fuels seems suitable for diesel engine because it’s able to prolong lubricant life span by maintaining its viscosity.

Effect of Biodiesel-Ethanol Blended Fuel Spray Characteristics on the Reduction of Exhaust Emissions in a Common-Rail Diesel Engine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Yoon ◽  
Su Han Park ◽  
Hyun Kyu Suh ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

An experiment was performed to analyze the effects of biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel spray on the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a single-cylinder common-rail diesel engine. To analyze the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of biodiesel blended fuel spray, measurements of the injection rate, droplet diameter, and spray tip penetration were taken using an injection rate meter, spray visualization and a droplet measuring system. The combustion, exhaust emission characteristics and size distributions of particulate matter were determined for various engine operating conditions using biodiesel-ethanol blends, and the results were compared to those of conventional diesel fuel. In this investigation, the measured results of biodiesel-ethanol blended fuels show that the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) decreased with an increase of relative velocity between the injected fuel and ambient gas. Comparing the combustion characteristics of diesel fuel and biodiesel-ethanol blended fuels, both diesel and blended fuel showed similar trends in combustion pressure and the rate of heat release. However, the combustion of biodiesel-ethanol blends had lower combustion characteristics such as combustion pressures and heat release rates than those of diesel fuel because of their lower heating values. In the case of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), the indicated specific NOx (ISNOx), and soot concentrations were lower than those of conventional diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding RON97 Into Waste Cooking Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Idris Saad ◽  
Wardatul Hayah Ab Rashid ◽  
Nur Hidayah Saidon
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Petroleum-based fuel reserves are drastically depleting due to a high demand on sustaining a better lifestyle. This paper presents the utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Although WCO and conventional diesel fuel have similar physiochemical properties, the properties of WCO is considered inferior than conventional diesel fuel. It is due to higher viscosity and density of WCO while its calorific value is lower than conventional diesel fuel. In this research, unmodified WCO was blended with petrol fuel grade RON97.  Five blended fuels samples were prepared from five to 25 percent volume base with five percent step increment. The density and calorific value of all fuel blend samples together with unmodified WCO were measured and compared to the conventional diesel and RON97 fuels. Each of the blended fuel and conventional diesel were used to run a single cylinder diesel engine. The performance characteristic of the engine was recorded at different engine speeds ranging between 1500 and 3000 rpm. Results showed that the properties of blended fuel were inferior compared to the conventional diesel fuel; however, by adding 15 percent of RON97 into the unmodified WCO, the results were comparable to the conventional diesel fuel.  

Spray and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel∕Diesel Blended Fuel in a Direct Injection Common-Rail Diesel Engine

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyu Suh ◽  
Hyun Gu Roh ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the blending ratio and pilot injection on the spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel and compare these factors with those of diesel fuel in a direct injection common-rail diesel engine. In order to study the factors influencing the spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel, experiments involving exhaust emissions and engine performance were conducted at various biodiesel blending ratios and injection conditions for engine operating conditions. The macroscopic and microscopic spray characteristics of biodiesel fuel, such as injection rate, split injection effect, spray tip penetration, droplet diameter, and axial velocity distribution, were compared with the results from conventional diesel fuel. For biodiesel blended fuel, it was revealed that a higher injection pressure is needed to achieve the same injection rate at a higher blending ratio. The spray tip penetration of biodiesel fuel was similar to that of diesel. The atomization characteristics of biodiesel show that it has higher Sauter mean diameter and lower spray velocity than conventional diesel fuel due to high viscosity and surface tension. The peak combustion pressures of diesel and blending fuel increased with advanced injection timing and the combustion pressure of biodiesel fuel is higher than that of diesel fuel. As the pilot injection timing is retarded to 15deg of BTDC that is closed by the top dead center, the dissimilarities of diesel and blending fuels combustion pressure are reduced. It was found that the pilot injection enhanced the deteriorated spray and combustion characteristics of biodiesel fuel caused by different physical properties of the fuel.

scholarly journals Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9677
Author(s):  
Dong Lin Loo ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Heoy Geok How ◽  
Jun Sheng Teh ◽  
Liviu Catalin Andrei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Two main aspects of the transportation industry are pollution to the environment and depletion of fossil fuels. In the transportation industry, the pollution to the environment can be reduced with the use of cleaner fuel, such as gas-to-liquid fuel, to reduce the exhaust emissions from engines. However, the depletion of fossil fuels is still significant. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable fuel that is considered an alternative resource to conventional diesel fuel. Even though biodiesel shows advantages as a renewable source, there are still minor drawbacks while operating in diesel engines. Modern vehicle engines are designed to be powered by conventional diesel fuel or gasoline fuel. In this review, the performance, emissions, combustion, and endurance characteristics of different types of diesel engines with various conditions are assessed with biodiesel and blended fuel as well as the effect of biodiesel on the diesel engines. The results show that biodiesel and blended fuel had fewer emissions of CO, HC, and PM but higher NOx emissions than the diesel-fuelled engine. In the endurance test, biodiesel and blended fuel showed less wear and carbon deposits. A high concentration of wear debris was found inside the lubricating oil while the engine operated with biodiesel and blends. The performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and its blends showed that it can be used in a diesel engine. However, further research on long-term endurance tests is required to obtain a better understanding of endurance characteristics about engine wear of the diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends.

EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS AND EGR APPLICATION OF BLENDED FUELS WITH BDF AND OXYGENATE (DMM) IN A DIESEL ENGINE

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 2850-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEUNG-HUN CHOI ◽  
YOUNG-TAIG OH
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Blended Fuels

In this study, the possibility of biodiesel fuel and oxygenated fuel (dimethoxy methane ; DMM) was investigated as an alternative fuel for a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The smoke emission of blending fuel (biodiesel fuel 90vol-% + DMM 10vol-%) was reduced approximately 70% at 2500rpm, full load in comparison with the diesel fuel. But, engine power and brake specific energy consumption showed no significant differences. But, NOx emission of biodiesel fuel and DMM blended fuel increased compared with commercial diesel fuel due to the oxygen component in the fuel. It was needed a NOx reduction counter plan that EGR method was used as a countermeasure for NOx reduction. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with BDF (95 vol-%) and DMM (5 vol-%) blended fuel and cooled EGR method (15%).

Effect of Biodiesel-Ethanol Blended Fuel Spray Characteristics on the Reduction of Exhaust Emissions in a Common-Rail Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Yoon ◽  
Su Han Park ◽  
Hyun Kyu Suh ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Ethanol Blends ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

An experimental investigation was performed to analyze the effects of biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel spray on the combustion, and exhaust emission characteristics in a single cylinder common-rail diesel engine. In order to analyze the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of biodiesel blended fuel spray, parameters, such as injection rate, droplet diameter, and spray tip penetration, were measured using an injection rate meter system, spray visualization, and droplet measuring system. Also, measurements of combustion, exhaust emissions, and size distributions of particulate matter were carried out under various engine operating conditions for biodiesel-ethanol blends and the results were compared with those of conventional diesel fuel. In this investigation, the measured results of biodiesel-ethanol blended fuel show that the Sauter mean diameter decreased with the increase of relative velocity between the injected fuel and the ambient gas. Comparing the combustion characteristics of diesel fuel and biodiesel-ethanol blended fuels, both diesel and blended fuel show similar trends of combustion pressure and rate of heat release. However, the combustion of biodiesel-ethanol blends indicated lower combustion characteristics, such as combustion pressures and heat release rates, than those of diesel fuel because of its lower heating value. In the case of exhaust gas recirculation, the indicated specific NOx(ISNOx) and soot concentration results showed lower emissions compared with those of conventional diesel fuel.

Wear and Lubrication Characteristics of a Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Vegetable Oil Blended Fuel

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abul Kalam ◽  
Masjuki Hj. Hassan ◽  
Edzrol Niza Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Lubrication Characteristics ◽  
Blended Fuels

This paper presents experimental results carried out to evaluate wear and lubrication characteristics of a multi cylinder diesel engine when operated on vegetable oil blended fuels. The blended fuels consist of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% coconut oil (COIL) (in volume basis) with diesel fuel (DF2). Pure DF2 was used for comparison purposes. The engine was operated at constant speed of 2000 rpm with 50% throttle load for a period of 100 hours for each test fuel. The engine was operated for a total period of 600 hours for six fuels. The same lubricating oil equivalent to SAE 40 was used for all the fuels system. The sample of lube oil was collected through a one way valve connected to the crankcase sump at 50 hour intervals. The first sample was collected immediately after the engine had warmed up. The effect of blended fuel on engine component wear and lubrication characteristics in terms of viscosity, total base number (TBN), moisture content, oxidation, wear metals, contaminant elements and lubricant additive depletions were analyzed. The results showed that wear metals, contaminant elements increase with increasing COIL with DF2. An increasing COIL in blends reduces additive elements; and the reduction rate during blends of up to 30% COIL is quite similar to DF2. Soot and sulfation reduce with increasing COIL in blended fuels due to reducing aromatics and sulfur in comparison to DF2. The water concentration increases from above 30% COIL blended fuels. The TBN and viscosity changes are found almost normal. The engine did not have any starting and combustion noise problems when operating on COIL blended fuels. These lubricating oil analysis data will help to select tribological components and compatible lubricating oil for coconut oil or biofuel operated diesel engines.

scholarly journals Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine with Circulation Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel System

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Reashed Tasvir Omi ◽  
Wira Jazair Yahya ◽  
Hasannuddin Abd Kadir ◽  
Arif Fahim Ezzat Chan ◽  
Ahmad Muhsin Ithnin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Co Emission ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Diesel engine is known for its durable operation and capability of utilizing various type of fuels, however, dangerous exhaust emissions are emitted from diesel engines. Non-surfactant emulsion fuel is a potential fuel for diesel engine to reduce for Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Particulate matter (PM) emission compare to conventional diesel fuel in a diesel engine. In this study, emulsion fuel was prepared using a mixer known as Circulation Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel System. The study carried out with different water percentages in the emulsion fuel given as follows: 3%, 6%, and 9% and at a different engine load condition from 1-4 kW with a constant speed of 3200 rpm. Results show that, 6% emulsion fuel shows average 4.38% reduction in NOx emission and 1.10% reduction in fuel consumption. 9% emulsion fuel show higher amount of CO emission compare to Diesel while it reduces CO2 emission. Overall, 6% when prepared are recommended for the formation of non-surfactant emulsion fuel.

Compatibility of Palm Biodiesel Blends on the Existing Elastomer Fuel Hose in Diesel Engine with Approach of Dynamic Test Rig: A Concept Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Narisa Sa'at ◽  
Ariffin Samsuri ◽  
Noradila Abdul Latif ◽  
Nurul Fitriah Nasir ◽  
Rais Hanizam Madon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Elastomer is one of the important material for the hoses, sealants and tubes in the components of fuel delivery system in diesel engine vehicles due to the factor of compatibility with diesel fuel. However, concern were arise that presence of alcohol, fatty acid component and other factors such as water content in the alternative fuels which is blended biodiesel fuel and different chemical composition from the diesel fuel may increase further uncertainty to the consumer of diesel engine or diesel engine manufacturers in terms of compatibility issue. Thus this paper intends to assess current and typical test standards on their efficacy of representing the fuel system of diesel engine vehicles. Respectively, ASTM D471 are based on laboratory immersion studies and the experimental conditions are differ from the real service conditions in the fuel system of diesel engine vehicles. Even though number of previous studies regarding to the compatibility of elastomer components has been reported, there is a need to set up the exact material that present in the fuel system of diesel engine vehicles. This is especially right for elastomers since their resistance is mainly depends on their elemental compositions. As such, introduction of the dynamic testing approach that may be applied when assessing the compatibility study between blended biodiesel fuel that simulate the actual fuel system of a diesel engine vehicles before carrying out in the field trials.

Investigations on Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine With Crude Jatropha Oil as an Alternate Fuel

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. S. Murali Krishna ◽  
C. M. Vara Prasad ◽  
Tandur Rajashekar ◽  
Supriya Tiwari ◽  
T. Sujani
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Operation

Jatropha oil, a non-edible vegetable oil shows a greater potential for replacing conventional diesel fuel quite effectively, as its properties are compatible to that of diesel fuel. But low volatility and high viscosity of jatropha oil call for hot combustion chamber, which is provided by a low heat rejection diesel engine with threaded air gap piston and liner with superni-90 inserts. The performance of the engine with jatropha oil is obtained with different versions of the engine such as conventional engine and insulated engine at normal and preheat condition of the oil, with varying injection pressure and timing and compared to the engine with pure diesel operation at recommended injection pressure and timing. Increase of thermal efficiency of 18% and reduction of NOx levels by 5% are observed at optimized injection timing and at higher injection pressure with insulated engine at preheat condition of jatropha oil in comparison with pure diesel operation on conventional engine.

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