scholarly journals The utility of ultrasound in the diagnostic evaluation of the posterior ankle joint

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Konarski ◽  
Tomasz Poboży

Sprains are the most common injury of the ankle joint and the most common traumatic injury of the musculoskeletal system. Ultrasound (US) examination of the posterior ankle joint is a challenge for the examiner. This paper focuses on this difficult area and provides guidance on how to effectively perform US examination of the posterior ankle.

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (08) ◽  
pp. 495-504
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Greising ◽  
Benjamin T. Corona ◽  
Jarrod A. Call

AbstractThe musculoskeletal system has an integral role throughout life, including structural support to the body, protection, and allowing a range of fine to complex movements for daily living to elite sporting events. At various times, injuries to the musculoskeletal system occur resulting in varying levels of impact to the person both acutely and chronically. Specifically, there is a spectrum of complexity in orthopedic injuries, with some such as common muscle strains, that while burdensome will have no impact on life-long functional ability, and others that can result in long lasting disability. Focusing on extremity injuries, this review highlights: i)the current impact of orthopedic injuries in sport and daily life; ii) the foundation of bone and skeletal muscle repair and regeneration; and iii) the disruptions in regenerative healing due to traumatic orthopedic injuries. This review seeks to maximize the broad and collective research impact on sport and traumatic orthopedic injuries in search of promoting ongoing innovation for treatment and rehabilitation approaches aimed to improve musculoskeletal health throughout life.


Author(s):  
М.М. Шамуилова ◽  
Ю.В. Седякина ◽  
Г.Ю. Кнорринг

Патология опорно-двигательного аппарата и остеоартрит в частности остаются частой причиной обращения за медицинской помощью в амбулаторном звене. Среди разных суставов самым страдающим считается коленный – на него приходится до 25% всех поражений опорно-двигательной системы, что связано с его опорной функцией и частым травматическим поражением. Рост популярности активного отдыха, развитие игровых и экстремальных видов спорта приводят к росту частоты травм коленного сустава, связочного аппарата, а также внутрисуставных повреждений. Именно травматизация признается одной из ведущих причин последующего остеоартрита. Статья предлагает краткие алгоритмы диагностики и терапии остеоартрита для применения на амбулаторно-поликлиническом этапе оказания медицинской помощи. Уделено внимание применению препаратов гиалуроновой кислоты, проведен анализ литературных данных, оценены перспективы применения подобной терапии в комплексе лечебных мероприятий. Гиалуроновая кислота является натуральным компонентом синовиальной жидкости, она служит в качестве смазки суставных поверхностей и обеспечивает ряд защитных и регуляторных эффектов. Вводимая извне гиалуроновая кислота берет на себя нагрузку, восполняя недостающие функции синовиальной жидкости, что и позволяет считать такое применение протезированием недостаточной функции сустава. Препараты гиалуроновой кислоты — быстродействующие локальные средства для улучшения функции пораженного сустава и купирования болевого синдрома, что важно для поддержания активности пациентов. Данные эффекты обусловлены реологическими особенностями гиалуроновой кислоты, которые позволяют не только улучшить смазывающие свойства и скольжение в пораженном суставе, но и обеспечивают защиту суставного хряща от ударных нагрузок. Полученная промышленным способом гиалуроновая кислота уже более 30 лет успешно применяется в лечении остеоартрита. Pathology of the musculoskeletal system and osteoarthritis, in particular, remain a frequent reason for seeking outpatient care. Among the various joints, the knee joint is considered the most affected - it accounts for up to 25% of all lesions of the musculoskeletal system, which is associated with its supporting function and frequent traumatic injury. The growing popularity of outdoor activities, the development of playing and extreme sports leads to an increase in the frequency of injuries of the knee joint, ligamentous apparatus, as well as intra-articular injuries. It is traumatization that is recognized as one of the leading causes of subsequent osteoarthritis. The article offers brief algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis for use at the outpatient stage of medical care. Attention is paid to the use of hyaluronic acid preparations, an analysis of the literature data is carried out, the prospects for the use of such therapy in a complex of therapeutic measures are assessed. Hyaluronic acid is a natural component of synovial fluid that serves as a lubricant for articular surfaces and provides a range of protective and regulatory effects. Hyaluronic acid introduced from the outside takes on the load, replenishing the missing functions of the synovial fluid, which allows us to consider such use as prosthetics of insufficient joint function. Hyaluronic acid preparations are a fast-acting local remedy to improve the function of the affected joint and relieve pain, which is important to keep patients active. These effects are due to the rheological features of hyaluronic acid, which not only improve lubricating properties and sliding in the affected joint, but also protect the articular cartilage from shock loads. The industrially obtained hyaluronic xylote has been successfully used in the treatment of osteoarthritis for more than 30 years.


1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
S. A. Unaleeva ◽  
L. G. Hasanova ◽  
T. E. Hairulina ◽  
N. G. Halviev

With the help of rheovasography, the condition of the lower extremities was investigated in persons who had suffered a severe injury of the ankle joint in the distant past. The use of dosed physical activity in these surveyed made it possible to reveal the nature of peripheral circulatory disorders. The great informative value of rheovasography data for the examination of the work capacity of patients with the consequences of musculoskeletal system trauma is emphasized.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Schneider

PurposeVocal fold motion impairment (VFMI) can be the result of iatrogenic or traumatic injury or may be idiopathic in nature. It can result in glottic incompetence leading to changes in vocal quality and ease. Associated voice complaints may include breathiness, roughness, diplophonia, reduced vocal intensity, feeling out of breath with talking, and vocal fatigue with voice use. A comprehensive interprofessional voice evaluation includes auditory-perceptual voice evaluation, laryngeal examination including videostroboscopy, acoustic and aerodynamic voice measures. These components provide valuable insight into laryngeal structure and function and individual voice use patterns and, in conjunction with stimulability testing, help identify candidacy for voice therapy and choice of therapeutic techniques.ConclusionA comprehensive, interprofessional evaluation of patients with VFMI is necessary to assess the role of voice therapy and develop a treatment plan. Although there is no efficacy data to support specific voice therapy techniques for treating VFMI, considerations for various techniques are provided.


1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. McRitchie ◽  
G. M. Halliday ◽  
R. Pamphlett

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vemuganti L. Raghavendra Rao ◽  
Aclan Dogan ◽  
Kellie K. Bowen ◽  
Kathryn G. Todd ◽  
Robert J. Dempsey

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, is available and includes numerous changes that will affect both evaluators who and systems that use the AMA Guides. The Fifth Edition is nearly twice the size of its predecessor (613 pages vs 339 pages) and contains three additional chapters (the musculoskeletal system now is split into three chapters and the cardiovascular system into two). Table 1 shows how chapters in the Fifth Edition were reorganized from the Fourth Edition. In addition, each of the chapters is presented in a consistent format, as shown in Table 2. This article and subsequent issues of The Guides Newsletter will examine these changes, and the present discussion focuses on major revisions, particularly those in the first two chapters. (See Table 3 for a summary of the revisions to the musculoskeletal and pain chapters.) Chapter 1, Philosophy, Purpose, and Appropriate Use of the AMA Guides, emphasizes objective assessment necessitating a medical evaluation. Most impairment percentages in the Fifth Edition are unchanged from the Fourth because the majority of ratings currently are accepted, there is limited scientific data to support changes, and ratings should not be changed arbitrarily. Chapter 2, Practical Application of the AMA Guides, describes how to use the AMA Guides for consistent and reliable acquisition, analysis, communication, and utilization of medical information through a single set of standards.


2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-4

Abstract Lesions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), whether due to injury or illness, commonly result in residual symptoms and signs and, hence, permanent impairment. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, divides PNS deficits into sensory and motor and includes pain in the former. This article, which regards rating sensory and motor deficits of the lower extremities, is continued from the March/April 2000 issue of The Guides Newsletter. Procedures for rating extremity neural deficits are described in Chapter 3, The Musculoskeletal System, section 3.1k for the upper extremity and sections 3.2k and 3.2l for the lower limb. Sensory deficits and dysesthesia are both disorders of sensation, but the former can be interpreted to mean diminished or absent sensation (hypesthesia or anesthesia) Dysesthesia implies abnormal sensation in the absence of a stimulus or unpleasant sensation elicited by normal touch. Sections 3.2k and 3.2d indicate that almost all partial motor loss in the lower extremity can be rated using Table 39. In addition, Section 4.4b and Table 21 indicate the multistep method used for spinal and some additional nerves and be used alternatively to rate lower extremity weakness in general. Partial motor loss in the lower extremity is rated by manual muscle testing, which is described in the AMA Guides in Section 3.2d.


Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Maurer ◽  
Stamenic ◽  
Stouthandel ◽  
Ackermann ◽  
Gonzenbach

Aim of study: To investigate the short- and long-term outcome of patients with isolated lateral malleolar fracture type B treated with a single hemicerclage out of metallic wire or PDS cord. Methods: Over an 8-year period 97 patients were treated with a single hemicerclage for lateral malleolar fracture type B and 89 were amenable to a follow-up after mean 39 months, including interview, clinical examination and X-ray controls. Results: The median operation time was 35 minutes (range 15-85 min). X-ray controls within the first two postoperative days revealed an anatomical restoration of the upper ankle joint in all but one patient. The complication rate was 8%: hematoma (2 patients), wound infection (2), Sudeck's dystrophy (2) and deep vein thrombosis (1). Full weight-bearing was tolerated at median 6.0 weeks (range 2-26 weeks). No secondary displacement, delayed union or consecutive arthrosis of the upper ankle joint was observed. All but one patient had restored symmetric joint mobility. Ninety-seven percent of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the outcome. Following bone healing, hemicerclage removal was necessary in 19% of osteosyntheses with metallic wire and in none with PDS cord. Conclusion: The single hemicerclage is a novel, simple and reliable osteosynthesis technique for isolated lateral type B malleolar fractures and may be considered as an alternative to the osteosynthesis procedures currently in use.


2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Hruska ◽  
Maria L. Pacella ◽  
Richard L. George ◽  
Douglas L. Delahanty

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