High-energy scanning electron microscope for the observation of subsurface structures

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 043007
Author(s):  
Miyako Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Subsurface Structures ◽  
Scanning Electron

MICRO-FOUR-POINT PROBES IN A UHV SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE FOR IN-SITU SURFACE-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS

2000 ◽  
Vol 07 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
ICHIRO SHIRAKI ◽  
TADAAKI NAGAO ◽  
SHUJI HASEGAWA ◽  
CHRISTIAN L. PETERSEN ◽  
PETER BØGGILD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Surface Conductivity ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Surface Domains ◽  
Unambiguous Detection ◽  
Scanning Electron

For in-situ measurements of surface conductivity in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), we have installed micro-four-point probes (probe spacings down to 4 μm) in a UHV scanning electron microscope (SEM) combined with scanning reflection–high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). With the aid of piezoactuators for precise positioning of the probes, local conductivity of selected surface domains of well-defined superstructures could be measured during SEM and RHEED observations. It was found that the surface sensitivity of the conductivity measurements was enhanced by reducing the probe spacing, enabling the unambiguous detection of surface-state conductivity and the influence of surface defects on the electrical conduction.

Surface ornamentation of the echinoid test and its ecologic significance

Paleobiology ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Plate Surface ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

A scanning electron microscope survey of the regular echinoid test reveals that the outer surface of its component coronal plates may be sculptured with a fine-relief ornament that is species-characteristic for those species presently surveyed. Structural resemblances in surface ornamentation are more marked in species living in similar habitats than in those species that are apparently phyletically related. Plate ornament is related to skeletal magnesium levels. It is tentatively suggested that low growth rate echinoids that inhabit “low-energy” environments (and exhibit low total skeletal magnesium levels) and “high-energy” habitat-exploiting species with high growth rates (and relatively high skeletal magnesium levels) may have differential patterns of plate growth that can be distinguished by the degree of ornamentation of the plate surface.

Mechanical Alloying for Fabrication of Fe50Ni30B20 Amorphous Alloys Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Ge Wang ◽  
Zhi Gang Chao ◽  
Yu Ying Zhu ◽  
Dong Dong Hu ◽  
Xing Hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Fe50Ni30B20 amorphous Alloys powder was prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) with a high-energy planetary ball mill. The composition and non-crystallization changing process of the as-milled powder were studied by X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The microstructure and shape of the amorphous alloys powder was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermodynamic properties and crystallization kinetics behavior of the as-milled amorphous alloys powder were measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).

scholarly journals Tribological, Thermal and Corrosive behaviour of aluminium alloy 2219 reinforced by Si3N4 nanosized powder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjunatha C J ◽  
B. Venkata Narayana ◽  
D Bino Prince Raja ◽  
Rimal Isaac R S
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The MMC technique is the most effective contrast method when compared with other techniques. By using the method of high energy stir casting, Aluminium alloy Al2219 is reinforced with various percentages of Si3N4 (0, 3, 6, and 9%) particles. X-ray diffraction along with Scanning electron microscope was performed to characterize the composite. The mechanical and thermal behaviours such as differential thermal analysis thermo gravimetric analysis/, tensile , wear and hardness behaviours were investigated. By using electro chemical potentiodynamic polarization test, the consequence of heat treatment on the corrosion behaviour of the composites when compared to its matrix in 3.5 % NaCl when at 600 rpm was also investigated. In this experimental study, the wear of the aluminium composites was significantly decreased on addition of Si3N4 particles. The study also revealed that, since the inclusion of Si3N4 in the samples and compared to the base aluminium alloy, the mechanical properties of the composites, such as wear resistance , hardness and tensile strength increased by percentage. The surface morphology and Scanning electron microscope analysis of worn surfaces in the test pieces unfold that with the increase in reinforcement content, wear rate decreases.

Angle-energy analyzers of back-scattered electrons for layer-by-layer diagnostics of microelectronics devices in Scanning Electron Microscope

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1692-1693
Author(s):  
S.K. Likharev
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Large Angle Scattering ◽  
Scanning Electron

In previous work it was shown that it was possible to visualize depth microstructure of solidstate samples in layer-by-layer form using some modifications of the back-scattered electron (BSE) detector system in the scanning electron microscope. The approach is based on the idea to detect not all of the BSE current, but only the part of it with the directions of velocities close to inverse to the primary beam and energies within a small window in the high-energy part of the whole spectrum. The fact is that when primary electrons scatter in sample, consisting only of light elements, the process of their elastic scattering can be formally divided on two-parts: small-angle scattering and large-angle scattering. In this case the probability of small-angle scattering is approximately five orders higher than large-angle scattering. Taking into account that energy of an electron can be considered as decreasing continuously, if an electron scatters in a sample and comes out with the velocity mentioned above, one can say, that it most probably passed exactly one large-angle scattering in a sample media.

Research of Plasma Clad Al2O3 Coating

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 622-625
Author(s):  
Zhan Shen Zheng ◽  
Biao Zhou ◽  
Li Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Rui Jiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Beam ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Metallurgical Bonding ◽  
Scanning Electron

Plasma clad Fe-based Al2O3 coating was fabricated by the way of delivering powder simultaneously, using high-energy plasma beam as a heating source, while the metallurgy combination of the coating to substrate was formed. The organization and performances of clad coating were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and micro-hardness instrument. The results indicate that γ-Al2O3 can be obtained by the technology of plasma clad and the good metallurgical bonding of coating to substrate was formed.

scholarly journals Track PVB membrane based on irradiation with high energy protons

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shadman ◽  
Farhood Ziaie ◽  
Saeid Yeganegi ◽  
Behrooz Niazi ◽  
Farshid Ziaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Porous Membrane ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Etching Technique ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractOne of the methods of polymeric material modification is based on the irradiation with accelerated ions. Chemical etching of ion tracks in polymers is a method which is widely used in the fabrication of micro/nano-structures with predetermined characteristics. For the present study polyvinyl butyral (PVB) porous membrane was prepared by track-etching technique. Commercially available PVB film was irradiated by 30 MeV energy protons to form latent tracks, and then etched chemically by potassium hydroxide (KOH) with the different normalities. The etching rate of PVB was related to the concentration of etching reagent, temperature and time. The porous size and shape were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) after and before etching. Relationships in between the etching rate and the etching parameters were established from experimental data, and can be used to control the pore size of PVB track-etch membrane. The Pore sizes and their structures were evaluated by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results have shown the micro/nano-pores formation in the PVB films. The physico-chemical properties of the irradiated samples were investigated and compared with the un-irradiated one using the FTIR and DSC and DTG systems, as well.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Microstructural Characterization of Nanostructured High Entropy Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 275-278
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Entropy Alloy ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Scanning Electron

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are formed by mixing of five or more elements with equal or large proportions. In the current study Al0.3Cr-FeNiCo0.3Si0.4 nanostructured high entropy alloy (HEA) is produced by means of mechanical alloying. The as-received elements in the powder form were processed in a high-energy ball mill with a ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) 15:1 and a speed of 300 rpm. Two Al0.3Cr-FeNiCo0.3Si0.4 alloy samples were produced with the same variables except milling time where alloy A was milled for 1 hr while alloy B was mechanically alloyed for 25 hr. Milling time is increased from 1 to 25 hr to allow the formation of the solid solution of the elements and the synthesis of high entropy alloy. The as-received powders were examined by Apreo field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEGSEM). The distribution and dissolution of the elements in the produced alloys was examined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attached to a high resolution scanning electron microscope system (FGSEM)

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