Effects of Pacing vs. Nonpacing on a One-Mile Walk Test in Adults with Mental Retardation

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Kunde ◽  
James H. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Moderate Mental Retardation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completion Times ◽  
Reliability Coefficients

The purpose was to compare heart rates and completion times of adults with MR after performing a 1-mi walk test with and without a pacer. Fifteen participants (8 males, 7 females) with mild or moderate mental retardation (M age = 38.8 years ± 10.2) performed the test a minimum of two times with a pacer and two times without a pacer. Analysis of variance revealed no significant difference between genders; thus data were combined for further analysis. Intraclass reliability coefficients (R) for walk time with a pacer, walk time without a pacer, heart rate with a pacer, and heart rate without a pacer were .99, .99, .91, and .95, respectively. Results indicated that the average walk times for the pacer and no pacer conditions were significantly different, t (14) = 3.11, p = .008. The pacer condition resulted in a faster average walk time by approximately 1 min; however, there was no significant difference between conditions on heart rate. Therefore, it is recommended that, when having adults with MR perform a walk test, a pacer should be used to assure maximum performance.

Psychophysiological Comparison of Self-Efficacy and Resting Heart Rate

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-722
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Fitness Center ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Individual Self

This study was used to assess the premise that lower resting heart rates should be associated with higher scores on self-efficacy for exercisers. A total of 64 participants, 29 men and 35 women ranging in age from 18 to 38 years old ( M = 23.22, SD = 4.19), currently participating in an exercise program at a fitness center, were assessed using the Exercise Specific Self-efficacy Scale to measure general individual self-efficacy, along with obtaining resting heart rates. Participants were separated into three different groups based on individual resting heart-rate values. Results for a 2 (sex) by 3 (heart rate) two-way analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in self-efficacy scores ( F2.58 = 3.24, p<.05) among the three groups. No interaction or main effect for sex was found.

Maximum exercise heart rate reduction with maturation in the rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Corre ◽  
H. Cho ◽  
R. J. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Maximum Exercise ◽  
Control Heart ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neural Influences

Maximum exercise heart rate decreases with maturation in the rat as well as in man. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism(s) which might be responsible for this reduction in max exercise heart rate in the rat. Maximum exercise heart rates were 618 +/- 7 vs. 580 +/- 9 beats/min for the young (5 wk) and mature (19 wk) rats, respectively. Atropine had no effect on max exercise heart rate. Propranolol reduced max heart rate in both groups with the older rats having the lowest value. Resting heart rates were recorded following injections of atropine propranolol, and propranolol plus atropine. Under all conditions, including control, heart rates were lower in the mature rats. Electrical stimulation in situ showed a significant difference in the threshold voltage for stimulation at 600 beats/min: 1.1 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.1 V for the young and mature rats, respectively. These data suggest that intrinsic changes occur in the myocardium with maturation and the reduction in max exercise heart rate is due to these intrinsic changes as opposed to changes in neural influences.

scholarly journals Does Ramadan Observance Affect Cardiorespiratory Capacity of Healthy Boys?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 155798832091758
Author(s):  
Amira Miladi ◽  
Selma Ben Fraj ◽  
Imed Latiri ◽  
Helmi Ben Saad
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Hemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Blood Pressures

Studies raising the issue of the effects of Ramadan observance (RO) on boys’ 6-min walk test (6MWT) data are rare. The studies, which did not include control groups of non-fasters, presented contradictory results. This study aimed to compare the 6MWT data (6-min walk distance [6MWD; m, %predicted], heart rate [HR; bpm, % of maximal predicted HR]), oxy-hemoglobin saturation (Oxy-sat; %), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively; mmHg) determined at rest (Rest and at the end End of the test) of a group of 22 healthy fasting boys (age: 12 to 15 years) with an age-matched non-fasting group ( n = 10). The 6MWTs were performed during three experimental conditions (ECs): Pre-Ramadan, Mid-Ramadan, and Post-Ramadan. The two groups’ 6MWT data for each EC were compared, and repeated factorial analysis of variance (2 groups vs. 3 ECs) was performed. Both groups had similar values of 6MWD (m, %predicted), HRRest or HREnd (bpm, % of maximal predicted HR), Oxy-satRest, Oxy-satEnd, SBPRest, and DBPRest during the three ECs. Compared to the non-fasting group, the fasting group had significantly higher SBPEnd (121 ± 10 vs. 130 ± 11) and DBPEnd (72 ± 6 vs. 78 ± 7) determined during the Mid-Ramadan EC. No significant interactive effects of the groups (2) vs. ECs (3) was found for the 6MWD (%predicted; p = .809), HRRest (%, p = .555), HREnd (%, p = .964), Oxy-satRest ( p = .336), Oxy-satEnd ( p = .389), SBPRest ( p = .708), SBPEnd ( p = .548), DBPRest ( p = .277), and DBPEnd ( p = .096). To conclude, in boys, RO does not impact the 6MWD, HR, or Oxy-sat, but it has minimal impact on the SBPEnd and DBPEnd.

Specificity of Training as Indicated by Heart-Rate Response to Exercise

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Harley Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Specificity Of Training ◽  
Better Than

Heart rates of 30 male Ss were monitored prior to, during, and in recovery from a standard treadmill walk. 10 Ss were trained distance runners and were considered trained in the specific work studied. 10 Ss were conditioned swimmers but were doing a type of work for which they were not trained. The runners had significantly better mean endurance times (time to heart rates 110, 130, 150, and 170) than the swimmers, even though both had previously undergone extensive endurance training. The swimmers did not perform significantly better than a group of nontrained Ss except to heart rate 130. In recovery to heart rate 130, there was no significant difference among the means of the three groups. The only significant difference among group means to final recovery heart rate was between the runners and the nontrained group.

scholarly journals Comparison of Strength, Heart Rate, Oxygen Saturation and Technical Test Values of 12–14 Year Male Tennis Players in Competition Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Gürhan SUNA ◽  
Mahmut ALP
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Push Up

This study seeks to compare and contrast 12 to 14 years old male tennis players in terms of strength, heart rate, oxygen saturation and technical test values. A total of 15 tennis players took part in the study after filling in a parental consent form. The average age, height and weight of the male tennis players were found to be 13.1 &plusmn; 1.06 years, 154.07 &plusmn; 5.04 cm, 36.5 &plusmn; 3.85 kg respectively. In comparing of the values, the preliminary test was applied in the first week while the last test was applied in the eighth week, taking anatomical adaptation into consideration. During that period, the players were exposed to a 90-minute training three days a week. Both during the pretest and the last test, the players were exposed to 30 seconds push-up, sit-up, ropeskipping, AOS Technical Test, SpO2 tests and their heart rates were measured. The values obtained were compared using &ldquo;paired t test&rdquo; with a statistical software. The significance level was taken as &ldquo;p &lt; 0.05&rdquo;. Having compared the results of the first and last tests applied to the players, statistically significant differences were found between push-up, sit-up and ropeskipping rates; AOS technical test values, resting pulse, first set of heart rate values, second set of heart rate values (p &lt; 0.05); however, there was significant difference between the first SpO2, first set of hear rate values, second set of heart rates and second set of SpO2 with regard to the pre- and post-test. It is possible to conclude that the technical trainings applied to the players improved the biomotoric and some of the physiological properties of the players, which, by extension, enhanced the performances.

scholarly journals Physical Activity in Adolescent with Mental Retardation: Is Adapted Basketball Training Adequate Stimulus to Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Sport Skills Performance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Miodrag Kocić ◽  
Ivana Bojić ◽  
Marko Aleksandrović ◽  
Aleksandar Ignjatović ◽  
Dragan Radovanović
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adequate Stimulus ◽  
Sport Skills ◽  
Rate Frequency ◽  
Experimental Group

Summary The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of an adapted basketball training program on the cardiorespiratory fitness and sport skills performance of adolescents with mental retardation (MR). Fifty adolescents with mild MR who participated in this study were divided in two groups. Experimental group (n = 25; mean ± SD age: 15.7 ± 0.9 years) performed the adapted training program, four times per week during eight weeks. A control group (n = 25; mean ± SD age: 15.9 ± 0.8 years) followed ordinary physical education classes and continued with their normal lifestyle. Exercise testing included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), monitoring of heart rate frequency and sport skills performance test battery. Results showed a significant difference between groups pre- and post-treatment in 6MWT distance. The experimental group experienced a 10% increase in covered distance pre- to post-testing (p < 0.05), whereas controls had no significant changes in the same period. Conducted adapted training also resulted in significant improvement in examined sport skills performance. However, this kind and duration of experimental procedure did not result in significant differences in anthropometric variables and heart rate frequency. This study demonstrated that adapted basketball training is an adequate stimulus for improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness and sport skills performance of adolescents with mild MR. The advantage of this type of adaptive training program is that it does not require a large financial input, but only the engagement of a qualified and dedicated physical education professor.

scholarly journals Energy cost of walking with flat feet

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Otman ◽  
O. Basgöze ◽  
Y. Gökce-Kutsal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Flat Feet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Arch Support ◽  
Arch Supports

A comparative study has been conducted to assess the effects of arch support on oxygen consumption in 20 subjects with flat feet who were generally complaining about fatigue, and also to explore whether their feeling of weariness was objective or not. The resting, walking and final recovery heart rates, blood pressures, and walking oxygen consumption values of the patients with flat feet were measured and calculated and compared to a control group using treadmill and oxygen consumption devices. In stage one the patients did not wear any arch support. Then suitable arch supports were prepared for each patient and in stage two they wore these arch supports. The results did not show any significant difference between the resting heart rates, blood pressure and oxygen consumptions. However, differences in walking heart rate, systolic blood pressure, final recovery heart rate, oxygen consumption, and energy cost values were found to be significant between stage one and two of the test in the patient group. The difference in walking diastolic blood pressure values without and with arch support were found to be insignificant. It may therefore be deduced that oxygen consumption during walking is decreased when a suitable arch support is applied to patients with flat feet.

Intensity of Sports Participation in Circumpubertal Children

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Geraldine Naughton ◽  
John Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Training Stimulus ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Competitive Game ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rate Maximum ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competitive Games

The heart rate intensity during 20 minutes of sports participation by circumpubertal children was monitored several times over a season. The competitive games’ mean absolute heart rates for basketball, badminton, netball, and tennis were 170, 159, 168, and 162 bts·min−1 (or 72, 75, 69, and 67% of heart rate maximum), respectively. The mean abolute heart rates for 20 minutes of participation under practice conditions for badminton, basketball, netball, and tennis were 149, 157, 144, and 135 bts·min−1, or 73, 75, 69, and 67% of heart rate maximum. At the 0.05 level of probability there was a significant difference between the heart rate intensities under competitive game and practice situations in the badminton, netball, and tennis groups. The difference between intensities of competitive games and practices was nonsignificant in the basketball players. The study concluded that participation in practice and game conditions was positive in providing the potential for a training stimulus.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

STUDY ON PHYSICAL AND SENSORICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLESH RESTRUCTURED WITH SAGO CATFISH JERKY

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Amir Jayani ◽  
Zulman Efendi ◽  
Devi Silsia
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to gain influence the thickness and concentration variations affect the characteristics of sago binder physical properties of catfish jerky. As well as getting influence the thickness and concentration variations affect the level of binder sago joy panelists in terms of organoleptic test. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using the Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). If there is a significant difference followed by a further test of DMRT 5% level (physical properties). While the hedonic test performed using Kruskal Wallis analysis. Results uniformity analysis (ANOVA) showed catfish fillet thickness and concentration of sago affect the physical properties of the water content and the level of violence. Where catfish jerky using sago binder 5% and 10% significantly different. The use of sago binder 5% and 10% led to an increase in water content. Besides the addition of the binder resulted in increasing levels of violence catfish jerky. Based on the statistics found that the influence of the thickness and concentration of the binder sago aroma, flavor and color of the sixth jerky catfish were not significantly different. But the texture was significantly different.

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